1999～2016年土地征收研究进展分析——基于文献计量学方法

运用文献分析方法,梳理1999年至2016年间土地征收领域的发展脉络和发展轨迹,把握该领域的研究动态和研究热点,揭示其研究前沿和发展趋势。以中文社会科学引文索引(CSSCI)数据库为研究平台,搜集以"土地征收"和"征地"为主题的的文献803篇。通过计量分析发现,从1999年到2016年间刊发的文章数量逐年增加,发表数量最多的是《中国土地科学》、《农村经济》等18种期刊。被引频次较高的文章集中刊载在《中国土地科学》、《中国土地》、《中国农村经济》等21种期刊上。研究得到国家层面普遍关注,共得到162项国家社科基金和58项国家自科基金的资助。从总体上说,研究重点主要集中在征地利益纠纷上,相关研究题材广泛,成果丰硕,为我国征地改革提供决策依据和政策指导。     

“双碳”目标下我国碳权交易研究现状和展望

碳权交易的实施对我国实现“双碳”目标至关重要,亦是这几年的研究热点。围绕碳权交易这一主题,基于1997—2023年国内核心学术期刊数据库中936篇相关文献,用CiteSpace软件从发文数量、关键词等角度研究其热点和趋势。并从概念界定、多种政策的对比与协同、政策效应、碳权交易市场的构建及研究方法等具体维度对现有文献内容做了梳理与归纳,综合得出碳权交易这一领域的研究现状。结果发现：文献数量逐渐增加,并在2010和2021年两个政策时点变动明显;碳权交易、碳权、低碳经济、碳市场是研究主流和焦点;我国碳权交易发展趋势可归纳为借鉴摸索阶段、学习探索阶段及绿色低碳转型阶段。未来可对碳权交易与多领域交叉学习、多政策并用,以及如何实现其差异化、灵活化、完善化等方向展开进一步研究,推动我国“双碳”目标实现。     

基于文献计量的中外区块链政策相关研究现状及启示

为探析国内外区块链政策研究发展,以2014—2021年中国知网CSSCI期刊和Web of Science的核心集合上收录的区块链政策相关文献为样本,采用Citespace V软件对文献进行计量分析,并运用比较研究法对国内外区块链政策研究的高被引文献、热点主题以及演进趋势等进行深入研究。研究表明：国内对区块链政策的研究开始较早,且涉及的领域较为广泛,而国外区块链研究涉及的领域主要是与生活密切相关的农业和医疗;国内区块链研究呈现探索—发展—完善的趋势,而国外研究目前处于发展阶段。从时间跨度、应用领域、主题和演进趋势等4个方面对中外区块链政策研究特征进行比较。国内区块链政策研究应加快构建区块链政策研究的理论框架体系、深度调研区块链政策涉及的领域、努力实现区块链政策与国家治理高度耦合和细化制定区块链相关法律法规等。     

基于CNKI数据库的水肥一体化文献计量分析

为了对当前水肥一体化相关领域的研究动态进行客观全面的了解,本文以文献计量学的方法,以CNKI数据库收录的2019年以前的文献为研究对象.采用专业检索方法,以SU="水肥一体化"为主题,探讨水肥一体化研究领域的概况.从发文量、主要发文机构、作者、主要期刊、被引频次等方面对水肥一体化相关文献进行分析.结果表明:水肥一体化领域的研究,在我国开展较晚,2000年后才有文献报道.整体上看,水肥一体化研究处在快速发展阶段,总发文量呈指数增长;发文量最多的研究机构是西北农林科技大学;水肥一体化领域的研究主要受国家级的基金资助;华南农业大学的张承林和邓兰生发表水肥一体化文献最多;发文量最多的期刊是《现代农业科技》;水肥一体化研究多关注于作物产量,滴灌是水肥一体化研究的重点,研究结果为水肥一体化的发展提供了重要的参考依据.     

碳金融:应对气候变化的金融创新

碳金融的兴起源于国际气候政策领域的两个国际公约——《联合国气候变化框架公约》和《京都议定书》,而各国政府选择温室气体排放总量控制及配额交易政策(Cap-Trade Scheme)来应对气候变化,则催生了一个以碳排放权益为交易标的的市场。随着这个碳市场上交易标的的统一标准逐步形成、碳资产现货市场和远期市场的出现、碳金融交易所和场内集中交易的诞生、有组织的碳资产期货和期权市场的生发、场外交易市场的繁荣,碳金融市场逐步迈向成熟。     

美国远程教育研究:方法与主题——基于2007-2011年三种学术期刊的论文分析

《成人教育季刊》、《互联网与高等教育》、《美国远程教育杂志》是美国远程教育期刊中具有代表性的三种刊物。2007-2011年三种期刊收录论文样本显示,美国远程教育研究方法可划分为实验研究、调查研究、历史研究、理论研究和文献研究等,注重量化与实证。研究主题涵盖了基本理论、政策分析、发展历史、外国远程教育、在线学习、网络教学等众多细分领域,并呈现出研究对象广泛化、研究视野国际化、研究内容实用化和研究主题生活化等特点。     

基于CAJD数据库的我国体育大数据领域研究文献计量分析

以1077篇《中国学术期刊网络出版总库》中的体育大数据领域文献为研究对象,对其进行文献计量分析。结果发现,我国体育大数据领域研究始于2002年,大体可以分为理论空窗阶段(2002—2012年)、快速增长阶段(2013—2018年)、基本稳定阶段(2019—2021年)三个阶段;在我国体育大数据领域研究的1077篇文献中,体育学科和社科类基础研究是研究的主要学科和层次,高校教师是研究的主力军,体育类高校是该领域研究的领军机构,载文期刊中非核心期刊占大多数;体育大数据研究已渗透体育的各个领域,研究重心遵循“竞技体育—体育产业—群众体育—学校体育”的演变趋势;高被引文献主要关注大数据与体育产业、大数据与体育传播、数字化体能训练三个方面。从分析可知,我国体育大数据领域研究尚处于发展阶段,后续研究应关注新技术、新产业,并结合计算机科学、经济学、教育学等相关学科探寻新的热点。     

1992-2015年我国中小学英语教学研究——基于核心期刊论文的文献计量学分析

以核心期刊刊载的有关中小学英语教学的论文为对象,通过文献计量学的方法,依次从载文量与时间、关键词、来源期刊、文献著者、引文情况、基金资助等维度进行统计,以分析该领域取得的成果和存在的问题。结果显示:1992-2015年间,我国中小学英语教学研究核心期刊刊载论文的载文量呈波浪式逐年增加,但区间内显示出不均衡性;研究主题主要集中在英语课程、教材、教法、教师等领域;论文在各大期刊分布比较分散,《课程·教材·教法》(教育类)和《外语教学与研究》(外语类)是主阵地;英语教学研究领域尚未达到成熟状态,也未形成严格的核心作者群,作者合作度和合作率与国外相比仍然偏低;师范院校已成为研究主力军,华东和华北地区研究力量最强;论文的引用量和被引率逐步增多,文献引用越来越规范化;受基金资助的论文量相对较少。今后的英语教学在研究内容、研究方法、研究队伍与配套保障等方面均有改善的空间。     

碳限额与碳交易机制研究现状及趋势展望

【目的/意义】温室气体的过度排放已经给全球环境造成了极大危害,为保持经济社会的可持续发展,各国积极推行碳限额与交易机制,与此同时,学者们也采用实证、模型等范式对碳限额与交易机制进行了大量研究,但尚且缺乏关于碳限额与交易机制的文献综述。鉴于此,对碳限额与碳交易机制展开综述分析,这将丰富碳限额与碳交易机制的研究内容,并为碳交易市场的运营提供参考。【设计/方法】通过文献综述法,从宏观和微观两个方面进行论述。宏观角度包括区域层面和行业层面,微观角度主要是指企业运营层面,并根据相关文献的研究对象将其归类、总结和分析。【结论/发现】通过对碳限额与交易机制领域内的107篇文献进行描述性分析和综述分析,从以下四个方面进行展望:一是对碳限额与碳交易机制中碳价格的研究;二是对碳限额与碳交易机制对供应链的影响研究;三是对多种碳减排政策的研究;四是对碳限额与碳交易机制中碳减排技术的研究。     

《美国东方学会会刊》中的西藏宗教史研究(1843~2000)

《美国东方学会会刊》是中国学界了解美国藏学研究的一个重要窗口,而西藏宗教史是该会刊藏学研究的重中之重。以宗教概说、佛教人物传记、印藏佛教的交流和比较以及佛教经籍等主题为切入点,对《美国东方学会会刊》中的西藏宗教史文献进行学术史研究,可以沟通国内外的藏学研究,为相关专业研究提供文献信息。     

Subjective Versus Objective Definitions of Homelessness: Are there Differences in Risk Factors among Heavy-Drinking Women?

Investigations with homeless populations have focused on those living on the streets or in shelters; few have examined phenomena based on respondents’ self-definitions as homeless or not. This investigation examined similarities and differences among risk factors (including mental health, substance abuse, religion/spirituality, social support, and risky sexual behaviors) using two definitions of homelessness: one where place of residence defined individuals as homeless (the ‘objective’ or traditional, definition) and another where respondents defined themselves as homeless (the ‘subjective’ definition). Data come from the baseline survey of the NIAAA-funded “Sister-to-Sister” study (n = 339) of heavy-drinking women. Subjectively defined homelessness was associated with higher rates of mental health and substance use disorders, lower rates of condom use, higher rates of trading sex for food, and less social support. Objectively defined homelessness was associated with higher rates of drinking in abandoned buildings, on the streets, and in public restrooms, more new sexual partners, and higher rates of trading sex for heroin and speedballs. Investigations failing to ask for subjective information may misattribute some factors to homelessness which may overestimate the effect of various factors on homelessness. Investigators should ask respondents to define their homelessness, or they lose an important dimension of the concept of homelessness.

The Window of Ritual: Seeing the Intentions and Emotions of ‘Doing’ Gender

My goal in this paper is to revisit interaction ritual theory as a theoretical underpinning of West and Zimmerman’s ‘doing’ gender paradigm in order to develop a more nuanced understanding of what is taking place inside the interactions of men and women as they ‘do’ gender. Recent work in ritual theory, specifically the work of Bell (Ritual theory, ritual practice, 1992) and Collins (Interaction ritual chains, 2004) expands the role of the individual in the ritual process by conceptualizing ritual as a form of ‘practice’ that can be mobilized in the pursuit of emotional energy. Through the narratives of 24 married couples, I explore how domestic labor functions as an interaction ritual that is driven by ‘emotional energy’. This emotional energy shapes the localized intentions of men and women as they ‘do’ gender thus transforming gender into something that we ‘use’ as well as ‘do’. These emotions and intentions can be seen most clearly through a new ‘window’ of ritual.

The State of American Boyhood

The existence of a “boy crisis” in the United States is a topic of public policy debate. This study examines the state of American boyhood, using not only the commonly reviewed indicators of school achievement but also mental health, premature death, injury, delinquency, and arrests. Boys are in trouble in many areas: low rates of literacy, low grades and engagement in school, high dropout from school, and dramatically higher rates of placement in special education, suicide, premature death, injuries, and arrests. Girls, however, suffer from other problems, especially depression, suicidal ideation and attempts, and eating disorders, and are less likely to achieve at the very highest levels in mathematics and science. This study argues that both boys and girls suffer from characteristic problems, but the issues affecting boys are serious and neglected.

“Grace Is Deceitful and Beauty Is Vain”: How Hassidic Women Cope with the Requirement of Shaving One’s Head and Wearing a Black Kerchief

Women’s modesty norms are often perceived as governing women’s bodies and as patriarchal oppression. This study challenges these perspectives, offering a deeper, multi-dimensional picture showing that the reality of the women’s life is much more complicated. The article chose to discuss aspects of modesty among women of one of the most extreme Jewish ultra-Orthodox groups, and in particular, to investigate how they experience an extremely demanding requirement—shaving off the hair on their head upon marriage and covering their head with a black kerchief. The findings show that there are a variety of voices among the women, ranging from the view that these practices are desirable, through the view that they empower the women, to the view that they damage one’s attractiveness and are quite painful.

The Conceptual Contours of Sex in the Chinese Life Sciences: Zhu Xi (1899–1962), Hermaphroditism, and the Biological Discourse of Ci and Xiong, 1920–1950

This paper “maps” a number of trajectories through which the conceptual contours of sex could be traced in the bioscientific discourse of Republican China. Focusing on the writings of the embryologist Zhu Xi (1899–1962), I analyze the epistemic functionality of such biological terms as ci (“biological femaleness”) and xiong (“biological maleness”) that acquired an unprecedented scope of cultural discursiveness in China only alongside the arrival of Western biology, which replaced classical learning and natural studies as the authoritative field of inquiry about life. I first show that when Chinese scientists used these terms to describe the sex of biological species, they relied on an epistemological framework of visual knowledge that granted some foundational operative power to a signifying order in which one could know by seeing the differences between ci and xiong (and, ultimately, sexual differences). These two terms’ lexicality and indexicality thus mutually reinforced one another in the production of their semiotic possibilities and epistemo-logicality. I then show that while they adopted ci and xiong as the bioscientific synonyms of the more culturally anthropocentric words such as nü (woman) and nan (man), Chinese biologists also incorporated sophisticated biological theories of sex from Europe and North America, including the theories of “gynandromorphism” and “intersexuality.” The implicit and explicit figurations of hermaphroditism reveal the ways in which at the heart of the entire bioscientific discourse of ci and xiong resides its key conceptual anchor: the human–non-human divide.

Sinophiles and Sinophobes in Tokugawa Japan: Politics, Classicism, and Medicine During the Eighteenth Century 十八世紀在德川日本 "頌華者" 和 "貶華者" 的問題 – 以中醫及漢方為主

This article first reviews the political, economic, and cultural context within which Japanese during the Tokugawa era (1600–1866) mastered Kanbun 漢文 as their elite lingua franca. Sino-Japanese cultural exchanges were based on prestigious classical Chinese texts imported from Ming (1368–1644) and Qing (1644–1911) China via the controlled Ningbo-Nagasaki trade and Kanbun texts sent in the other direction, from Japan back to China. The role of Japanese Kanbun teachers in presenting language textbooks for instruction and the larger Japanese adaptation of Chinese studies in the eighteenth century is then contextualized within a new, socio-cultural framework to understand the local, regional, and urban role of the Confucian teacher–scholar in a rapidly changing Tokugawa society. The concluding part of the article is based on new research using rare Kanbun medical materials in the Fujikawa Bunko 富士川文庫 at Kyoto University, which show how some increasingly iconoclastic Japanese scholar–physicians (known as the Goiha 古醫派) appropriated the late Ming and early Qing revival of interest in ancient Chinese medicine rather than continue to follow more recent Song-Jin-Yuan 宋金元 medical practices (Goseiha 後世派) based on Song interpretations of the Huangdi neijing 黃帝內經 (Yellow Emperor’s inner classic). This group favored ancient treatment formulae and empirically based diagnoses, which drew on the Shanghan lun 傷寒論 (Treatise of Cold Damage Disorders) as a medical text and Zhang Zhongjing 張仲景 as a pioneering physician. Although many Japanese physicians favored Western medicine (transmitted via Dutch Learning 蘭學) over Chinese medicine in the mid-nineteenth century, most in the mid- and late-eighteenth century focused on mastering classical Chinese, and then Ming and Qing medical books entering Nagasaki from China. These new, critical currents of Chinese medicine in Japan provided the impetus later for growing Japanese interest in Dutch Learning and modern Western medicine.

沈从文笔下“女学生”形象文化透视

“女学”、“女学生”是20世纪中国现代性话语体系的能指符码之一。作为“现代性”转喻象征的“女学生”,在沈从文的笔下成了现代性批判的指代,显示了中国妇女解放运动的男性本位特色。作为“他者”形象的女学生,在其听闻传播与成论生成的形式中寓含了其异己性与欲望化特征,在抽象与矛盾描写中显示了其客体化与对象性本质。“女学生”形象在沈从文笔下作为“第三方”话语谱系,折射着乡村对都市的想象、都市对乡村的影响,以及来自乡村、身居都市的作家回望自我与民族来处,对国民性、社会现代化进程的批判与反思。     

Rethinking Women and Their Bodies in the Age of Biotechnology: Feminist Commentaries on the Hwang Affair

Many Korean women felt strongly positive about donating their eggs for Hwang Woo Suk’s research, in spite of the fact that Hwang was accused of fraud. It is said that there is a kind of unique ‘egg donation culture’ among Korean women, which urged them to donate their eggs for his research. However, positing such a Korean ‘egg donation culture’ does not seem to give a sufficient explanation of why so many Korean women were seemingly willing to provide their own eggs for Hwang’s research. Instead, we suggest that egg donation issues in the Hwang affair can be interpreted under the paradoxical context, in which Korean women are situated in the age of biotechnology. On the one hand, the invisibility of women as subjects in the public sphere led to their lack of social control over ova trafficking and made it possible for a huge number of eggs to be supplied secretly for Hwang’s team. The patriarchal structure of family, the myth of economic growth, and the restricted activities of feminist organizations are possible contributors to the invisibility of Korean women. On the other hand, in the practices of bodily technologies such as cosmetic surgery and reproductive technologies, Korean women have been highly visible. With the help of those technological instruments, women have been empowered to own their own bodies and to have them at their disposal. We argue that these dualistic realities of women as egg owners can explain the egg donation culture among Korean women in the Hwang affair.

How Could a Scientist Become a National Celebrity?

In Korea, scientific excellence has been perceived as one of the key elements of modern nation-building. Moreover, from the late 1990s to the early 2000s, the government represented biotechnology as the future engine of the economy. Hwang succeeded in representing himself as the hero of Korean science by appropriating the public eagerness for scientific achievement. However, he relied on nationalist rhetoric too often against criticisms, which eventually made a considerable part of the public turn skeptical about his integrity. Although various forms of techno-nationalism are still pervasive in Korea, Hwang’s scandal has given a valuable chance for reflection on the relationship of science and nationalism.