Quality of College Life (QCL) of Students in Turkey: Students’ Life Satisfaction and Identification

Understanding the complexities of a students’ quality of life has become essential in order for universities to plan their spending most efficiently. This study tests a model which was used to judge the satisfaction of college life and evaluates the overall impact of quality of college life (social, academic, and service satisfaction), life satisfaction, and identification. Secondly, the study assesses the impact of a university’s academic program, social life, facilities, and services on the students’ college life quality in this sample in relation to similar studies from Turkey and other countries. The survey included 1,260 students attending a public university in northwestern Turkey. Measurement tools included the quality of college life scale (QCL), Satisfaction with college life scale, identification scale satisfaction with life scale and personal information form. The results show social satisfaction has the strongest positive impact on QCL. This study found that life satisfaction and university identification had a positive impact on a university student’s satisfaction with college life. According to survey results it is also suggested that University administrators can primarily focus on improving the social satisfaction of the students then improve facilities and services, in order to raise academic satisfaction levels.     

The effectiveness of remedial courses in Italy: a fuzzy regression discontinuity design

Skills are important for many social and economic outcomes. Whereas interventions during childhood are considered crucial to increase the skills of disadvantaged individuals, in this paper, we try to understand whether interventions which take place later in life can also be effective. With this aim, we evaluate the effects on student achievement of a number of remedial courses provided by an Italian university. We use a fuzzy regression discontinuity design to identify the causal effect of remedial courses relying on the fact that students were assigned to the treatment if their performance in a placement test was below a certain cutoff point. We deal with partial compliance by using the assignment rule as an instrumental variable for the effective attendance to remedial courses. From our analysis, it emerges that students attending the remedial courses whose results were just below the cutoff point acquire a higher number of credits than students whose results were just above the cutoff. We also find that remedial courses reduce the probability of dropping out from an academic career.     

中国大学毕业生劳动力市场中的同群效应

随着高校毕业生就业制度的改革和高等教育规模的扩大,大量的大学毕业生进入了劳动力市场,这些大学毕业生在劳动力市场的表现是一个值得关注的问题。针对目前国内关于大学生就业等问题的实证文章较少的现状,文章使用2007年中国大学毕业生就业与能力年度调查数据,利用空间计量经济学的方法研究我国大学毕业生劳动力市场中的同群效应。研究的结果发现,在我国大学毕业生劳动力市场中存在着显著的、正向的同群效应,并证实了这种同群效应一部分可由大学生在校期间的各种知识和能力培养的相互影响所解释。     

大学生就业难的症结分析

大学毕业生就业问题目前已经成为了全社会普遍关注的热点。大学生就业难是未来10年内的十大社会问题之一。大学生就业难的成因很多,其症结主要是在大学生及高校身上,表现为结构性失业,即"有业就不上,有业不想就,有业不能就,无业可以就"。提高高等教育办学的质量,增强大学生的核心竞争力,转变大学生的就业观念和价值取向,促进大学生的全面发展,是解决大学生就业难的根本出路。     

人力资本、社会资本与大学生就业的实证研究——以南京市部分高校为例

文章使用南京市部分高校的微观调查数据,对人力资本、社会资本与大学生的就业概率、起薪水平和就业部门之间的关系进行了实证研究。发现：人力资本因素与大学生的就业概率、起薪水平之间均存在着非常显著的正相关关系。但是对于大学生能否进人政府机关、事业单位等公共部门就业却没有显著影响;社会资本与大学生的就业概率之间没有显著关系,对于起薪的高低具有一定的积极影响,但对于大学生进入公共部门内就业具有重要作用。     

The development of a rubric for peer assessment of individual teamwork skills in undergraduate midwifery students

BackgroundPoor teamwork is cited as one of the major root causes of adverse events in healthcare. Bullying, resulting in illness for staff, is an expression of poor teamwork skills. Despite this knowledge, poor teamwork persists in healthcare and teamwork skills are rarely the focus of teaching and assessment in undergraduate health courses.AimTo develop and implement an assessment tool for use in facilitating midwifery students’ learning of teamwork skills.MethodsThis paper describes how the TeamUP rubric tool was developed. A review of the literature found no research reports on how to teach and assess health students’ teamwork skills in standing teams. The literature, however, gives guidance about how university educators should evaluate individual students using peer assessment. The developmental processes of the rubric were grounded in the theoretical literature and feminist collaborative conversations. The rubric incorporates five domains of teamwork skills: Fostering a Team Climate; Project Planning; Facilitating Teams; Managing Conflict and Quality Individual Contribution. The process and outcomes of student and academic content validation are described.ConclusionThe TeamUP rubric is useful for articulating, teaching and assessing teamwork skills for health professional students. The TeamUP rubric is a robust, theoretically grounded model that defines and details effective teamwork skills and related behaviours. If these skills are mastered, we predict that graduates will be more effective in teams. Our assumption is that graduates, empowered by having these skills, are more likely to manage conflict effectively and less likely to engage in bullying behaviours.     

Quality of College Life (QCL) of Students: Developing and Validating a Measure of Well-Being

This paper reports a study designed to develop and validate a measure of quality of college life (QCL) of students. Using a theoretical model based on a build-up approach to QCL, the authors provide an empirical examination of various hierarchical components and their properties. The method is executed in two stages. The first stage is used to clarify the particular elements for inclusion in the model. The second phase uses a sample of students drawn for the campuses of three major universities in the United States. These samples were used to test several hypotheses regarding the model and its components. The results generally provide support. Finally, the discussion centers on the value of the model in application by both university officials and public policy officials in the at-large community.     

Students Mobility: Assessing the Determinants of Attractiveness Across Competing Territorial Areas

A central question for education authorities has become “which factors make a territory attractive for tertiary students?” Tertiary education is recognised as one of the most important assets for the development of a territory, thus students’ mobility becomes a brain drain issue whenever there are prevalent areas that attract students from other territories. In this paper, we try to identify the most important factors that could affect student mobility in Italy. In doing that we analyse students’ flows across competing territorial areas which supply tertiary education programs. We will consider a wide range of determinants related to the socio-economic characteristics of the areas as well as resources of the universities in the territories in terms of variety and quantity of the degree programs there available, financial endowments provided by Central Government, and services available to students. The Bradley–Terry modelling approach based on pair comparisons has been adopted to define the attractiveness of competing territories and assess how much the detected divergences can be attributed to factors directly related to the considered characteristics of the universities in the territory and how much is ascribable to inherent characteristics of the areas where the universities are located such as the labour market conditions. Furthermore, the adopted approach allows us to consider uncertainty in defining territorial attractiveness and making comparisons. In this way, we would like to provide some evidences to assess if the rules currently used by the Central Government to finance public universities on the basis of their capabilities to attract students really reward the efforts made by the university system in the area to improve their standard of quality or, on the contrary, reward the territorial features.     

Die Unsichtbare Hand greift nach den Universitäten

The paper deals with the current efforts of the Austrian government to remodel the university sector. The Rectors’ Conference meddled in the discussion process and asked some experts to evaluate the outline which has been drawn up by the ministerial bureaucracy. Result is the voluminous report “Universitäten im Wettbewerb”. The report stands up for a radical change in the sense of neo-liberalism and centres the question how to make universities more efficient. Its suggestions refer to all aspects of universities: their funding and organisation, employment contracts of scientific staff, regulation of studies and access to university. The ideas presented in the report radicalize the outline the government developed. The analysis shows that a break with the targets of educational and research policy in the past is intended. Efficiency of universities and the interests of the economic sector are moved in the focus of policy at the expense of free access to universities, participation of lecturers and students, academic freedom and independent scientific work, diversity of research, generous furthering of junior staff.     

高校学生生殖健康、性行为及避孕节育的调查研究

深化研究高校学生生殖健康、性行为及避孕节育具有非常重要的战略意义,通过对北京等七城市各类院校、各年级学生进行调查,分析研究高校学生生殖健康、性行为及避孕节育状况。调查研究内容主要涵盖了三个方面:高校学生生殖健康知识掌握及态度状况;高校学生避孕药具及避孕服务的利用情况;避孕节育服务需求情况。在此基础上,确立和探究了高校学生生殖健康、性行为及避孕节育的导向原则、服务模式及推进措施。     

郑州市大学生性行为现状及影响因素

本文利用2006年3月在郑州市4所大学调查的326名大学生性观念和行为的调查数据,分析了郑州市目前大学生性行为现状及影响因素。结果表明,有45.6%的男大学生和40.6%的女大学生承认与异性有过接吻、抚摩等性接触经历;其中,有36%男性和16%的女性与异性有过性交经历。比较而言,女大学生比男大学生更喜欢非性交的性接触。影响大学生性行为的因素不仅在男女之间有很大的差异,在男性和女性内部也有很大的差异。对待性的态度(性观念)和家庭社会经济地位对大学生的性行为有很强的影响,其中,家庭社会经济地位低的和高的大学生比条件一般的大学生更容易与异性发生性行为。家教的严格程度、家庭关系的和谐程度,与家庭联系的频繁程度等对女大学生的性行为有强烈的影响,但对男大学生没有影响。抽烟对男大学生的性行为,有很强的影响,对女大学生的性行为则没有影响;而喝酒只影响男大学生的非性交性行为和女大学生的性交性行为。在未来可能实施的一些降低女大学生的高危行为的项目中,家庭的参与是非常重要的一个方面。     

高校人力资源管理中学生评教的影响因素分析

高校教师绩效考核是高校人力资源管理中的重点和难点。学生评价教师教学质量是目前大多数高校普遍采用的考核高校教师绩效的有力手段,其可靠性直接影响着高校教师的绩效考核工作。本文通过对影响学生评教的因素的实证分析,得到学生评教受到学生成绩、课程热门程度以及课堂教学条件3个非教学因素的影响,通过对这3个因素的进一步的定量分析,得到学生评教受非教学因素的影响较小,学生评教的可靠性较高的结论。     

Self-Esteem as Mediator and Moderator of the Relationship Between Social Support and Subjective Well-Being Among Chinese University Students

This study examined both the mediating and moderating effects of global self-esteem on the relationship between social support and subjective well-being among Chinese university students. Three hundred and ninety-one university students (260 males and 131 females) from two different Chinese universities completed the social support scale, the self-esteem scale and the subjective well-being scale. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that global self-esteem partially mediated the influence of social support on life satisfaction and positive affect, whereas it fully mediated the influence of social support on negative affect. Moreover, global self-esteem moderated the relationship between social support and life satisfaction, and positive affect, but not negative affect. When students reported a high level of global self-esteem, those with high social support reported higher scores in life satisfaction and positive affect than those with low social support. However, there were no differences in life satisfaction or positive affect between groups with high and low social support when global self-esteem was low. The significance and limitations of the results are discussed.     

中国女大学生就业搜寻研究——基于63所高校的数据分析

文章在工作搜寻的理论基础上,通过构建Logistic多元排序模型对全国63所大学的调研数据进行实证分析。结果发现,性别在女大学生就业搜寻过程中起着负面作用;工作搜寻理论没有在女大学生身上得到证实,而在男大学生身上得到证实。同时,男女生就业搜寻的影响因素差异很大。机遇、技能的掌握、吃苦进取、工作能力、观念文化和年龄等因素对女大学生就业搜寻起着正向作用;而影响男大学生就业搜寻的因素为学生干部、人际关系、实习经历、政治面貌和体貌特征。在实证研究基础上文章提出了构建男女平等的就业环境,提高女大学生综合素质和提升高校就业服务能力等建议。     

Measuring the affective quality of life of university students: The validation of an instrument

The purpose of this study is to develop an instrument for measuring the quality of life of university students, and to report its validity and reliability. The study used a representative sample of undergraduate and graduate students in the faculty of education at a major Canadian university. The construct validity of the scales was assessed by Piazza's technique for the analysis of attitude items. The findings supported conceptualizing the quality of life of university students in four dimensions including Positive Affect, Interaction with Students, Interaction with Professors, and Negative Affect. The alpha reliabilities of these scales ranged from 0.75 to 0.93. Some potential applications of this instrument for understanding educational attainment, as well as for the evaluation of university departments and faculties, are mentioned.     

The Development and Validation of Stakeholder-Based Scale for Measuring University Social Responsibility (USR)

Universities are an important member of the society that are trusted with shaping future, nurturing individuals, fostering ethics, and making people more responsible towards both the corporations they work for and the society they live in. Researches that explicitly focus on measurement of social responsibility of universities are scarce. The research intends to develop and validate a measurement scale for university social responsibility (USR) by capturing the key determinants that best define the social responsibility of a university. Using systematic scale development process, the study involved both literature and focus group discussions to generate the require items. 383 respondents filled the questionnaires out of which 329 were usable. The study found that USR has seven dimensions namely: operational responsibilities, research/development responsibilities, stakeholder responsibilities, and legal responsibilities. These four responsibilities were categorized as survival level responsibilities. Intermediate responsibility included ethical responsibility while voluntary responsibilities included philanthropic and community engagement. The scale developed in the study will help to specifically look for the presence of social responsibility in universities/higher education institutions. Hence it can be important to study how well universities respond to needs of the society. There is a significant lack of research into development of a reliable and valid scale of USR. This study clearly highlights the factors that make up USR and provides a detailed scale to measure of social responsibility performance by higher education institutions.     

从经济学视角看中国高等教育入世

本文从经济学的视角对入世后我国的高等教育进行了宏观分析 ,认为 ,我国入世后高等教育的生源将极大增加 ,办学效益会显著提高 ;高等教育的市场竞争环境将进一步优化 ;高校将分化重组 ,形成高等教育集团 ,实现规模经济 ;推动高等教育进入国际市场 ,获得新的发展机遇。同时指出 ,入世所带来的激烈竞争 ,可能使部分高校被淘汰 ,引起国内人才的流失 ,存在中华传统文化受到排挤和弱化的可能性     

College students' views on gay and lesbian issues: does education make a difference

Many in academia believe that higher education leads to an increase in tolerance towards individuals who are different. There are some empirical findings to support this premise; however, the impact of higher education on acceptance of homosexuality has not been adequately explored. Gays and lesbians in society face many negative attitudes. Based upon the survey results of 364 students at a Midwestern university, juniors and seniors had statistically significant more positive attitudes towards gays and lesbians than did freshmen and sophomores. Even in multi-variate analysis, upper-level students had more positive views on many of the attitudinal measures.     

Military conscription and university enrolment: evidence from Italy

This paper analyses the effect of the abolition of compulsory military service (CMS) on university enrolment in Italy. A triple-difference model is used to account for various potentially confounding factors. The identification strategy exploits variation along three dimensions: (a) between gender, (b) between age-groups and (c) between time periods. The results show that there is no statistically significant evidence suggesting that the abolition of CMS has a causal effect on the decision to enrol in university studies. Estimates obtained employing a double-difference model exploiting variation along the dimensions (a) and (b) overestimate the effect. Finally, although there is no statistically significant overall effect, we find some evidence of heterogeneous effects between students from different social backgrounds.     

高校引进人才流失意图影响因素分析——以黑龙江省哈尔滨市H高校为例

文章以哈尔滨市H高校为例,描述和探讨了高校人才流失意图的现状及其影响因素的作用情况。研究发现,高校引进人才的流失意图普遍较低,群体态度倾向于积极;性别、学科、年收入、抚养子女数、来校工作时间对流失意图有显著影响;组织承诺度与流失意图呈显著负相关,且这种影响不受人口特征的影响;工作满意度及工作投入度均通过组织承诺度间接影响流失意图。