从巴以选举看巴以政局演变

2006年初,巴勒斯坦和以色列相继进行了两场重要的选举.哈马斯出人意料地战胜了法塔赫,在孤立的国际环境中组建了巴勒斯坦新政府.不久,以色列政坛也因沙龙退出利库德集团却又突然卧病而发生强震.持强硬立场的哈马斯和继承沙龙路线的前进党上台,使巴以政局发生重大变化,也使巴以局势和中东和平进程蒙上阴影.巴以内部政治势力的演变在很大程度上决定着决策者在和谈进程中的战略选择.剖析巴以政局巨变的背景,有助于更好地理解近年来巴以谈判陷入困境的原因,进而对巴以局势的走向作出较准确的判断.     

从巴勒斯坦开罗协议的实施看哈马斯的战略调整

2005年3月17日,巴勒斯坦13个力量派别在开罗达成协议,接受巴自治当局提出的对以色列"熄火"(亦称"平静期")和停火建议.这标志着哈马斯对巴自治政府和巴解组织传统的立场和态度的重大转变,同时也标志着它对以色列斗争策略的战术变化.哈马斯进入巴勒斯坦决策层肯定会使巴自治政府在巴以谈判中的立场趋于强硬,中东和平进程因此会充满更多的变数.     

从巴勒斯坦开罗协议的实施看哈马斯的战略调整

2005年3月17日，巴勒斯坦13个力量派别在开罗达成协议，接受巴自治当局提出的对以色列“熄火”(亦称“平静期”)和停火建议。这标志着哈马斯对巴自治政府和巴解组织传统的立场和态度的重大转变，同时也标志着它对以色列斗争策略的战术变化。哈马斯进入巴勒斯坦决策层肯定会使巴自治政府在巴以谈判中的立场趋于强硬，中东和平进程因此会充满更多的变数。     

巴以冲突与国际政治

作为国际政治热点的巴勒斯坦问题,不仅仅是巴勒斯坦阿拉伯人和以色列人之间的民族和宗教矛盾,更是世界大国和整个阿拉伯国家深深卷入的国际政治问题.本文主要从中东和巴勒斯坦的战略和经济地位探讨世界大国关系的调整和发展变化对巴以冲突的深刻影响,揭示和论证:"巴以冲突和中东局势是国际政治的晴雨表"     

巴以冲突与国际政治

作为国际政治热点的巴勒斯坦问题，不仅仅是巴勒斯坦阿拉伯人和以色列人之间的民族和宗教矛盾，更是世界大国和整个阿拉伯国家深深卷入的国际政治问题，本文主要从中东和巴勒斯坦的战略和经济地位探讨世界大国关系的调整和发展变化对巴以冲突的深刻影响，揭示和论证：“巴以冲突和中东局势是国际政治的晴雨表”。     

巴以目前局势及发展走向管窥

自今年2月沙龙政府上台以来,巴以形势越发紧张,双方的武力冲突陡增,暴力活动频仍,和谈陷于全面停滞甚至倒退状态.文章就当前人们普遍关注的问题即巴勒斯坦"起义"、以巴双方的和谈立场、巴以局势走向等问题进行了认真的分析和探索,认为巴以谈判不会因为以色列政府更迭而毁于一旦,而是将在有关方面的推动下继续艰难曲折地谈下去,因为和平毕竟是巴以双方的最佳选择.     

巴以目前局势及发展走向管窥

自今年2月沙龙政府上台以来,巴以形势越发紧张,双方的武力冲突陡增,暴力活动频仍,和谈陷于全面停滞甚至倒退状态。文章就当前人们普遍关注的问题即巴勒斯坦“起义”、以巴双方的和谈立场、巴以局势走向等问题进行了认真的分析和探索,认为巴以谈判不会因为以色列政府更迭而毁于一旦,而是将在有关方面的推动下继续艰难曲折地谈下去,因为和平毕竟是巴以双方的最佳选择。     

巴勒斯坦经济发展中的以色列因素分析

第三次中东战争后，以色列对约旦河西岸和加沙地带的占领为巴勒斯坦农业和工业带来了诸多负面影响，并使巴勒斯坦经济具有较强的依附性，突出表现为劳务输出和进出口贸易对以色列的依赖。以色列的占领严重地影响了巴经济的发展，并造成了巴勒斯坦在巴以和谈中的劣势。     

巴勒斯坦经济发展中的以色列因素分析

第三次中东战争后，以色列对约旦河西岸和加沙地带的占领为巴勒斯坦农业和工业带来了诸多负面影响，并使巴勒斯坦经济具有较强的依附性，突出表现为劳务输出和进出口贸易对以色列的依赖。以色列的占领严重地影响了巴经济的发展，并造成了巴勒斯坦在巴以和谈中的劣势。     

浅析沙龙政府的单边撤离计划

单边撤离计划是沙龙政府提出的单方面从部分巴勒斯坦被占领土上撤离的计划,是从以色列的角度提出的实现巴以和平的方案.此项计划是沙龙政府在综合多方面因素、反复进行利弊权衡的基础上提出的.这项计划自提出之时就备受争议,沙龙政府既要面对来自国内的巨大压力,还要与巴勒斯坦方面以及国际社会进行协调与对话.这项计划的执行不可避免地会对以色列国内的政治、安全状况及巴以局势产生重要影响.     

A longitudinal perspective on the differentiated valuation of formal education in Brazil in recent decades

The central theme of this article is the relationship between formal education and earnings from a longitudinal perspective, taking into account indicators of social status. Variations in the respective trajectories, in different age cohorts, and in the comparison among different periods are discussed. The empirical material used is based on the microdata files of official statistics. The main techniques put into practice are those that are most focused on measuring the degree of interdependence among variables and those used for means comparison. Our general hypothesis is that the effects of schooling cannot be grasped in terms of education itself but instead in terms of its relationship to status in the social and power structures. One of this paper's principal observations is that of the general declining trend in the economic value of formal education, which varies depending on the level of education and social status. This devaluation is systematic and spans the entire studied universe; however, it focuses much more closely on those of lower social status, particularly for the groups with schooling that is either higher or lower than average.     

An evaluation in the choice of inputs and outputs in the efficiency measurement of police forces

The new Labour government has recently instigated an initiative to establish whether English and Welsh police forces should be ranked into groups based on an efficiency measure. A particular problem, however, is that policing includes many inputs and outputs (outcomes) that could potentially be utilised in efficiency models. This paper considers the problems associated with measuring relative police force efficiency given that a vast number of potential indicators (inputs and outputs) must be reduced to a handful to allow feasible estimation. In addition, it discusses the input and output variables utilised in the first ‘official’ analysis of English and Welsh police force efficiency [Demonstration Project, Home Office, London, UK, 2001].     

论《一千零一夜》的权力观

权力观是以权力为中心的价值观,是判断民众与执政者关系的价值观。《一千零一夜》的一个重要主题就是宣扬“劝君施仁”的权力观,通过故事的铺展,描述了以国王们为代表的封建社会政治结构的基本权力特征,以及民众对统治者“权力”行使的思辨和诉求。其中要求实现“公正”的基本思想贯穿始终。     

论社会转型中伊斯兰伦理道德的社会协调作用

伊斯兰教伦理准则是以《古兰经》和"圣训"为依据的,对协调社会关系起了重要作用。其主要包括:协调人与人、人与社会之间的关系;协调穆斯林个体与社会之间的关系;担负起社会的责任和义务;构成了穆斯林生存的心理定力等。     

Predicting the Use of Spiritually-Derived Interventions in Social Work Practice

Abstract

Although research has grown considerably on spirituality and social work practice in recent years, there has been little investigation of what practitioners actually do with their clients and what influences their practice behaviors. Current findings from a random sample of 204 licensed clinical social workers indicate considerable focus on religion and spirituality in both assessment and intervention, with over two-thirds of the sample reporting that they had utilized 14 different spiritually-derived techniques with clients. In addition, analyses reveal four factors most predictive of the use of such techniques including: practitioner attitudes, the percentage of clients presenting religious/spiritual issues, the percentage of clients for whom religion plays a detrimental role, and the level of practitioner participation in religious or spiritual services.     

美国在沙特军事基地的战略演变

美国在沙特的军事部署经历了前沿行动基地、主要行动基地与合作安全基地三个阶段。决定其战略部署的主要因素包括美沙共同应对伊朗拥核崛起、伊拉克安全局势的恶化和海湾地区恐怖主义威胁的上升等。美国在沙特的军事基地加深了美国、沙特和伊朗之间的安全困境。同时,由于美沙双方在安全领域存在结构性互补关系,未来军事合作仍是美沙全方位合作的重点领域。     

大学科技园在长三角区域经济转型中的地位与作用研究

长三角地区拥有18家国家级大学科技园,占全国总数的四分之一多。其机制新、专业性强,主导产业特色鲜明,发展形式与开发方式丰富多样。该地区要实现经济发展方式的实质性转变、社会结构的根本性转型和自主创新能力的实质性增强,就要充分发挥大学科技园在本区域经济转型中的地位和作用。首先,要将大学科技园自身发展,作为长三角区域经济转型中的重要成长极和源动力;其次,大学科技园通过与所在地政府产业政策的融合,与国家高新技术开发区、经济技术开发区对接,助推其＂二次创业＂,实现区域经济转型;再次,通过建立虚拟大学科技园、实施一园多点、大学科技园自建产业化基地,以及园外企业反向在大学科技园内设立合作研发机构等形式,发挥大学科技园在区域经济社会发展中的孵化与辐射作用。为此,要在进一步强化大学科技园自身能力建设的同时,强化长三角区域内大学科技园之间的横向交流与合作;不断创新结合方式,探索大学科技园与区域经济转型对接的全新机制与模式。     

Resiliency in the Aftermath of Repetitious Violence in the Workplace

Summary

The definition and occurrence of traumatic events is expanding and impacts everyone's lives in some way. The degree to which a violent event impacts an individual, a group, a workplace or the community varies. Unfortunately violent events are all too common. Businesses are realizing the significance of violence as a workplace problem and the varying degrees of trauma that has a devastating impact on employee retention, workplace functionality and personal well-being. The events can include industrial or natural disasters; worksite accidents; organizational changes; suicide; homicides; robbery; assault; threats of violence and even terrorism. How prepared an organization is varies and may be correlated with how resilient individuals and the entire workplace are after workplace violence/trauma. This article focuses on what workplace violence and trauma includes, the effects of repeat events, how resilient people are while trying to prevent additional events if possible in the workplace.     

Social Work with Clients Contemplating Suicide: Complexity and Ambiguity in the Clinical, Ethical, and Legal Considerations

Social workers in agency and private practice settings often work with clients grappling with suicide, either as an acute or chronic situation. Probably more than any other clinical condition, suicide forces the practitioner to confront complex ethical, legal, and psychological questions while managing an urgent circumstance. This article attempts to illuminate the ethical and legal considerations that may arise when a client contemplates suicide. Rather than advancing one answer, we stress that in training and the workplace social workers must fully consider the complexities and ambiguities of a client's experiences as well as their own clinical, ethical, and legal obligations.     

上海降低创新创业成本研究

创新创业成本不仅包括对创新创业活动在资金、设备、人员等方面的有形投入,还包括在创新创业过程中难以观察和计算的信息搜索成本、交易成本、心理成本,以及创新创业失败之后"重整旗鼓"的文化与制度成本.因此,相关政策不仅要关注办公、交通、生活等"硬成本",还要关注降低创新创业过程中各个环节的"软成本",从生态系统视角降低创新创业的综合成本.