目睹埃、叙的统一与分裂

1956年5月30，我国同埃及正式建交，外交部部长助理陈家康任火使。同年8月10日，我国同叙利亚建立正式外交关系，原广州市副市长、参加过长征的老干部陈志方出任大使，我被任命为驻叙使馆二秘，负责调研工作。可建馆后1年多的1958年2月，同我国建交最早的这两个阿拉伯国家突然     

万隆会议与中埃建交

万隆会议是当时绝大多数亚非国家为摆脱帝国主义和殖民主义国家的操纵,独立自主地解决共同关心的重大问题而召开的一次会议,主旨是增进亚非的团结和合作,反帝反殖,争取和维护民族独立,保卫世界和平.会议一年后,中埃正式建交,埃及由此成为非洲和阿拉伯国家中第一个与新中国建交的国家.从此,我国同埃及开始进行频繁的经贸和文化往来,并逐渐扩大至周边国家,使我国与其他中东国家的关系出现很大发展,迅速扩大我国的国际影响.     

我国与阿拉伯国家的贸易关系

我国和阿拉伯国家相隔千山万水,但相互间的通商却很久远.著名的陆上丝绸之路和海上香料之路就是中阿人民友好关系与经济联系的有力证明.1949年新中国成立以来,我国政府根据平等互利原则,逐步发展了同阿拉伯国家的贸易.1955年的万隆会议后,我国扩大了在亚非地区的影响,有力推动了我国与阿拉伯国家贸易关系的发展.埃及、叙利亚、也门、伊拉克、摩洛哥、阿尔及利亚、苏丹等是首批与我国建立正式外交关系,并与我国签订贸易合作协议的阿拉伯国家.70年代末,除少数海湾国家外,我国与大多数阿拉伯国家建立了全面的经贸合作关系.进入80年代后,我国和阿拉伯国家的贸易关系又有了进一步发展,特别是同海湾国家的贸易,由于双边正式外交关系的建立而突飞猛进,贸易额均超过了其他阿拉伯国家.到目前为止,我国几乎同所有的阿拉伯国     

万隆会议与中埃建交

万隆会议是当时绝大多数亚非国家为摆脱帝国主义和殖民主义国家的操纵，独立自主地解决共同关心的重大问题而召开的一次会议，主旨是增进亚非的团结和合作，反帝反殖，争取和维护民族独立，保卫世界和平。会议一年后，中埃正式建交，埃及由此成为非洲和阿拉伯国家中第一个与新中国建交的国家。从此，我国同埃及开始进行频繁的经贸和文化往来，并逐渐扩大至周边国家，使我国与其他中东国家的关系出现很大发展，迅速扩大我国的国际影响。     

中国阿拉伯语教学研究会授予约旦大使荣誉证书 约旦皇家学会和约旦语言学会向我国阿语教学研究会赠书

4月14日,中国阿拉伯语教学研究会在京向约旦哈希姆王国驻华大使赛米尔·纳欧里先生颁发了学会“名誉顾问” 证书,以表彰约旦大使对建立和发展中国阿拉伯语教学研究会与约旦语言学会的学术交流关系所做出的贡献。 在赛米尔大使的积极推动下,中国阿拉伯语教学研究会已同约旦哈希姆王国皇家学会及约旦阿拉伯语语言学会建立了初步联系。大使先生代表两学会已陆续向我会赠送它们出版的百余本图书,主要内容涉及伊斯兰经典著作书目及约旦的民族和文化史等(上述赠书将造册登记并将书目印发各理事单位)。 中国阿拉伯语教学研究会副会长张甲民教授代表学会致辞,并向赛米尔大使颁发了荣誉证书。张教授在致辞中高度赞扬了赛米尔大使为建立和发展约旦两学会同种学会的学术关系所做的努力,以及为传播阿拉伯文化所做出的贡献。     

会议通讯

阿拉伯语教材编审组和阿拉伯语教学研究会1987年年会,于1987年11月23日在北京外国语学院联席召开.于1987年11月28日圆满结束. 参加这次年会的正式代表共16人,他们分别是阿拉伯语教材编审组成员、阿拉伯语教学研究会理事和阿拉伯语教学大纲研订组成员及部分学术论文的作者.     

中阿合作论坛成立变幻世界中的阿中关系

一、前言 1956年5月,埃及是第一个与新中国建交的阿拉伯国家,沙特最后,于1990年7月承认人民中国.1993年,阿盟在中国设立外交代表处.这样,20世纪之内,中国与所有的阿拉伯国家都建立了双边和整体关系.     

中阿经贸合作的动力分析与路径选择

从1956年中国与埃及建交到1990年中国与沙特建交,中国与所有阿拉伯国家建立并保持了良好的外交关系。经过50多年共同努力,中阿经贸合作已进入全方位、多领域的全面合作阶段。双边贸易、工程承包、劳务合作、双向投资、人员培训等领域合作都取得积极进展。经贸关系的迅猛发展,带动文化、教育、体育和卫生等各领域交流与合作蓬勃发展。中国已同所有阿拉伯国家签订《文化合作协定》,"汉语热"持续升温。但中阿经贸关系依然需要创新求进,不断拓展深化,同时必须注意前瞻调研和及时应对,努力规避因中东形势动荡冲击而形成的各类风险。     

中阿经贸合作的动力分析与路径选择

从1956年中国与埃及建交到1990年中国与沙特建交,中国与所有阿拉伯国家建立并保持了良好的外交关系。经过50多年共同努力,中阿经贸合作已进入全方位、多领域的全面合作阶段。双边贸易、工程承包、劳务合作、双向投资、人员培训等领域合作都取得积极进展。经贸关系的迅猛发展,带动文化、教育、体育和卫生等各领域交流与合作蓬勃发展。中国已同所有阿拉伯国家签订《文化合作协定》,“汉语热”持续升温。但中阿经贸关系依然需要创新求进,不断拓展深化,同时必须注意前瞻调研和及时应对,努力规避因中东形势动荡冲击而形成的各类风险。     

衷心的祝福 热切的希望——记中国国际广播电台阿拉伯语部创办35周年晚会

1992年10月31日晚,北京市王府井大街华灯初上,车水马龙,热闹非凡.位于街中心的北京穆斯林大厦四楼大厅里,更是一片欢声笑语,节日一般,这里正在举行中国国际广播电台阿拉伯语部创办35周年的庆祝晚会.出席晚会的有:人大常委会副委员长赛福鼎·艾则孜、全国政协副主席王光英、全国政协副主席、国家民委主任司马义·艾买提、外交部副部长杨福昌、广播电影电视部副部长马庆雄、中国伊斯兰教协会会长沈遐熙、北京市伊斯兰教协会会长安士伟、中国国际广播电台台长崔玉陵.应邀出席晚会的还有18位阿拉伯国家驻中国大使和使馆官员. 晚会开始后,穆斯林大厦总经理穆成志先生首先致欢迎词.他说:“欣逢中国国际广播电台阿拉伯语部对阿拉伯国家开办广播35周年之际,我代     

Back and Forth and Beyond

The Journal invited Tom Andersen, author of major pioneering work on the reflecting team, and his colleagues, to offer comment on The Reflecting Team Process in Training. We thought such a north-south dialogue was in keeping with the spirit of reflecting teams, and the team members in Melbourne and Tromsø agree — Editor.     

Time and aging--mechanisms and meanings

A recent European Molecular Biology Laboratory Conference on Science and Society entitled "Time & Aging--Mechanisms & Meanings" fascinated scientists from different research areas as well as nonscientists. Topics discussed included not only the biological aging process but also the psychological effects of aging and social influences that affect this process.     

Arts and Crafts and Reconstruction

Abstract

This paper examines the role of arts and crafts in reconstructing communities after times of upheaval, their use in creating employment opportunities, and their impact on the nature of South African art history. It looks at craft initiatives during and after the Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002, and draws parallels with early twentieth-century initiatives, particularly those of Florence Phillips, who founded the Johannesburg Art Gallery in 1910, Emily Hobhouse, who established Boer home industries, and the South African National Union, which promoted the manufacture and use of local products.     

Sexual Compulsivity and Sexual Behaviors Among Gay and Bisexual Men and Lesbian and Bisexual Women

Within the existing body of research, the information pertaining to sexual compulsivity (SC) among women, both homo- and heterosexual, remains rather limited in comparison to men. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SC in a community sample of gay and bisexual men and lesbian and bisexual women and to identify differences in sexual practices based on classification as sexually compulsive within gender. Supporting previous research, the findings indicated that gay and bisexual men were significantly higher in SC when compared to lesbian and bisexual women. Similarly, sexually compulsive gay and bisexual men were more likely to report drug use with sex than their non-sexually compulsive peers, suggesting that “party n' play” may play a larger role for men with SC. In addition, the findings demonstrated empirical support for the proposition that lesbian and bisexual women with symptoms of SC were more likely to engage in specialized sexual behaviors in comparison to their non-sexually compulsive peers. These data suggest that SC manifests differently in gay, lesbian, and bisexual men and women.     

Evening and night work schedules and children's social and emotional well-being

ABSTRACT

An emerging body of evidence shows that parents’ non-standard work schedules have a detrimental effect on children's well-being. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated mediating factors that underpin this association. Likewise, only a few studies have examined the impact of fathers’ non-standard work schedules on children's well-being. Based on data from the Families in Germany Study (FiD), this study aimed to address these research gaps. The sample consists of parents and their children at ages 7–8 and 9–10 (n?=?838 child observations in dual-earner families). The data were collected in the years 2010–2013. Non-standard work hours were defined as working in evenings and or at night (every day, several times a week, or changing as shifts). Children's social and emotional well-being was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The findings show that both mothers’ and fathers’ evening and night work schedules are linked to an increase in children's externalizing and internalizing behavior and that this association is partially mediated by mothers’ and fathers’ harsh and strict parenting, with a stronger mediation effect for fathers parenting.     

History and the here and now

This paper explores the lesser-known histories and present-day realities of small towns and non-metropolitan areas in the internal provinces of South Africa. It is different inasmuch as it focuses on transformations that have taken place at the local level, and where possible, generalises from these, rather than following the normal route taken by social scientists – at least from 1994, which has been to examine them from the top down. One feature of such changes has been the growth of gated communicates across the length and breadth of South Africa, but there are many more. One reason for their anonymity is that their evolution has been gradual and corpuscular, that they have become unconsciously familiar and are left unexamined. Another is our collective preoccupation with the metropolitan areas rather than the smaller localities where such processes are subterranean and confined. This paper presents very briefly some of the results of the researchers of the Local Histories and Present Realities programme over the past five years, in 19 separate centres. It examines the history and present circumstance of chiefdoms of Ga-Mphahlele and reveals the surprise finding that much of recent and contemporary politics revolve around events 200 years old. An analogous situation has arisen in Venda as well as in Mpumalanga and elsewhere, where a combination of new legislation to revive chiefly powers, and land reclamation legislation have lent a new legitimacy to chiefly powers, and inspired hundreds of phantom – and time-consuming – quests. Another massive development which has gone on around us but whose internal dynamics have never been observed is the rise of game hunting and ranching all over the interior of South Africa. This is a monster subject which is likely to have influence on all of our lives into which our group is now in a position to offer insights. A change of equal proportions is the rise of mining all over the interior Bushveld Igneous Complex – Mokopane is a good example of this and the huge social consequences this has brought in its wake. One final theme which embraces all the communities that we have studied is the local histories of transformation – collectively the most important – since 1994. This is almost entirely hidden to a wider world, including the transformed positions of local Indian residents.     

Thinking and Speech and Protocol Analysis

Some form of verbal report—that is, a research participant' s concurrent or retrospective verbal account of thought processes during problem-solving activities—has been used throughout this century as the database from which psychologists have developed theories of human mentation. Newell and Simon (1972) and Ericsson and Simon (1980, 1993) have provided extensive justification for using one such method, protocol analysis, as a tool for investigating cognition from an information-processing (IP) perspective. Their arguments have characterized protocol analysis as a methodology capable of providing evidence of the ways in which people attend to information stored in short-term memory to solve problems, with the evidence providing them with the grounds from which to generate models of human cognitive processes. A different view of protocol analysis is available from the perspective of cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) based on the work of Vygotsky (1987), Leont'ev (1981), and others, and its concern with the mediation of human development by culturally and historically grounded signs and tools. Because of its emphasis on culturally channeled development, a CHAT perspective views speech, including the speech that serves as evidence for cognition in psychological research, as a tool that potentially enables changes in consciousness. In this article I outline a CHAT perspective that accounts for protocol analysis along three key dimensions: (a) the relation between thinking and speech from a representational standpoint, (b) the social role of speech in research methodology, and (c) the influence of speech on thinking during data collection. The purpose of this discussion is not to refute the IP perspective on protocol analysis but to illustrate how this method can be viewed through a CHAT lens and to identify alternative assumptions that must be made to use it from a CHAT perspective.