大学生网络心理咨询的实践与思考

随着社会竞争的日益激烈,人们承受的压力日益增大,据北京高校大学生心理素质研究课题组的报告显示,有超过16%的大学生存在中度以上的心理问题,并且这一数字还在继续上升。作为心理咨询工作者,越来越感觉到无法应付日益增多的学生来访者。为了更好地解决这些问题,我们尝试了"网络心理咨询的实践"。2005年,笔者所在的广西工学院购买了"心海软件",这些软件有建立学生心理档案、心理测评、在线聊天、网上心理咨询、咨询月报、发表文章和评论等功能。这些软件为开展网上心理咨询提供了一个很好的平台和条件。     

大学生创新心理素质研究

目前,受多种消极因素的影响,大学生创新心理素质的发展状况不容乐观。针对目前大学生创新心理素质发展存在的问题,除了高校应努力营造创新氛围、激发大学生的创新意识之外,大学生自身的创新意识要不断加强,努力健全自身的创新人格,提高自己的创新能力。     

职业指导新技术、新方法或新工具推介 ——焦点解决短期咨询在大学生就业心理辅导中的应用

当前形势下,大学生普遍就业压力大,不少大学生因心理素质不佳、认知偏差、焦虑情绪、沟通能力差、人际交往障碍等心理压力与冲突,影响就业,非常需要专业心理辅导.焦点解决短期心理咨询是以问题解决为导向的短程心理咨询方法,强调鼓励当事人,关注并引导发现当事人的资源、力量和积极面,帮助当事人发掘过往的成功经验与信心,找出问题应对与解决之道,使当事人能有效应对生活中的挑战.大学生就业心理问题如需要短期内解决问题或是使问题明确简单等,将焦点解决短期心理咨询应用于大学生就业心理辅导工作,会对高校大学生就业工作的顺利开展产生积极意义.     

论学校体育教育中学生的心理健康教育

心理健康教育在学校体育教育中起极其重要的作用，文中在阐述我国大学生心理健康的现状的基础上，分析我国学校体育教育存在的问题．从学生应对心理健康标准有一理性认识、加强对学生心理素质的培养形成健康的生活方式、学校体育教育应制定相应的教育措施等方面提出相应的对策。     

如何解决演奏中的心理紧张

本文主要是对演奏者演奏中出现的心理紧张现象,提出导致心理紧张的原因主要有三个方面:第一,每个人的心理素质问题;第二,演奏者的准备练习是否充足;第三,演奏者的临场经验不足。而针对这些原因找出相应的解决方法:第一、提高心理素质;第二、平时充分的准备练习;第三、临上场的准备;第四,做好舞台上的技术、心理控制是解决舞台心理紧张的关键。     

试论辅导员与大学生心理素质培养的互促

心理素质是素质教育的重要组成部分,必须要全面提高学生心理素质,不断加强心理健康教育,才能符合社会发展对人才素质的要求。面对当今飞速发展的社会,学生心理问题向多元化和多极化发展,文中从辅导员和大学生双方面出发,试着讨论辅导员心理素质的提高与大学生心理素质的培养之间的互促关系。     

大学生对心理咨询的认知与需求调查研究

大学生的心理健康问题一直是社会关注的焦点,而且,随着社会的高度发展,大学生的心理问题也有严重化合上升的趋势,各高校逐渐认识到开展心理健康教育和提供心理咨询服务队大学生成长成才的重要作用,大学生心理健康教育工作正处在一个蓬勃发展和建功立业的关键时期。立足于高校开展的具体心理咨询工作,不难发现,高校心理咨询工作所取得的成效,除了受咨询机构和咨询老师的因素影响之外,还受学生本身对心理咨询认知水平的影响。了解大学生对心理咨询的认知水平,有利于心理咨询工作者更好的了解学生心理行为特点,改善时间工作,为进一步掌握工作重点和难点,开展积极有效的心理健康教育工作提供指导。     

大学生参与式心理素质教育

本文利用活动论、主体性、参与教育等有关理念,对当代大学生心理素质教育的消极倾向性和狭隘性等弊端进行了剖析,论述了参与式心理素质教育的理论基础;从主体、个性、自由、民主和发展等方面探索了当代大学生参与式心理素质教育的基本理念,并提出了有效的整体教育方略.     

探究学校体育如何促进大学生心理健康教育

大学生的心理健康是当下社会关注的焦点问题,它直接影响着学生的生活状态和课堂精神状态,甚至影响工作。很多高校在实践应用中总结发现在培养当代大学生健康心理过程中,大学体育课程有着尤为重要的作用。对大学体育教育的研究和分析能够有效缓解和调整大学生的心理障碍,提高其心理素质,促进大学生心理健康发展。     

大学生心理素质培养模式研究

本文在分析大学生心理素质培养的目标和原则基础上,提出"3×3 1"这一网络状的培养模式,并系统研究了模式运行中的实施策略,以推动高校形成有效的心理素质教育机制,实现大学生心理素质的稳步提高.     

心理旅游在矫治学生不良心理行为中的应用

心理旅游是把旅游者的旅游动机与心理咨询与治疗动机有机地结合起来，寓心理咨询与治疗于旅游活动之中的一种心理咨询，它提高了旅游者的旅游满足感和精神需求，特别是在矫治厌学、网瘾等不良心理与行为，优化学生心理素质等方面具有特殊的功效，是一种新的心理治疗和心理保健形式，有着较为广阔的发展前景。     

团体心理辅导在贫困大学生“心理脱贫”中的运用

针对贫困大学生心理贫困的现状和特点,开展有目的团体心理辅导活动,以作者对贫困大学生团体心理辅导经验为例,具体描述了团体心理辅导在贫困大学生心理脱贫中运用的过程。结果表明,团体心理辅导的确对贫困大学生正确认识自我、树立自信,改善消极情绪,改善人际关系,提高心理健康水平等方面都起到了积极、有效的作用。     

Psychological Contributions to Social Struggle

Social struggle arouses strong emotions, yet little systematic attention has been paid to the best ways of handling these emotions in interpersonal relations. We explore oppression as involving identification with the aggressor on the part of the weak and projection upon a primed vulnerable other on the part of the strong. These processes lead to fusion between the oppressed and the oppressor. These are common divisions in the handling of anxiety, anger, guilt, and self-hatred, and confusion about one's own desires in the reciprocal processes created by the weak and the strong. Some suggestions are offered for dealing with these.     

Multiple Roles and Psychological Well-Being

Abstract

Role theory generally views the performance of multiple roles as a source of psychological stress. Recently, however, the concept of role strain resulting from multiple roles has been criticized. Marks (1977) and Seiber (1974) argue that multiple roles may lead to positive personal well-being. The present research is a test of these recent ideas. Measures of subjective well-being are correlated with the quantity and quality of roles enacted. Five role spheres are specified: Spouse, parent, worker, friend, and church member. The findings offer some support for the proposition that involvement in multiple roles does not necessarily lead to role strain. Instead, well-being increases with the number of roles enacted, and satisfaction in one role can help to compensate for deprivation in another role sphere. Support is thus found for both Marks' (1977) “expansionist” theory and Seiber's (1974) role accumulation theory.     

Psychological Abuse in Family Studies

Abstract

One of the first documented psychoeducational programs to educate college students about the perils of psychological abuse is described. The intervention was designed to help students examine their personal experiences of psychological abuse and consider how the information could be used in their careers. The process of creating the intervention and publicizing it to the campus community is discussed. The content of the intervention, participants, implementation, and evaluation processes are described. Operational definitions and dramatic skits of psychological abuse are described along with historical context and current research findings. Ways of working through psychological abuse, and services available to recover from it, are presented. Evaluation data, immediately after workshop completion and one week later, indicated that participants positively evaluated this intervention and reported both positive attitudinal and behavioral outcomes. Limitations and implications of this psychoeducational program for the prevention of interpersonal violence are discussed.     

On Homans' Psychological Reductionism*

George Homans' numerous claims that sociological propositions could be reduced to psychological propositions are examined in terms of the various ways Homans has used the word “reduction” and in terms of the development of Homans' reductionist position over the course of his career. Attempts to answer Homans” reductionism are reviewed and Homans” challenge to his critics is presented. A general sociological proposition is then presented as an answer to Homans' reductionism and to his challenge. It is then shown that the sociological proposition is not less general than psychological propositions, cannot be deduced from psychological propositions, and cannot be analyzed without residue into the behavior of individual men. It is shown that psychological variables may be used as independent or intervening variables in such a proposition but that such an inclusion of psychological variables would not constitute psychological reduction. Some implications of a distinctive sociology are then discussed.     

Psychological taxing in Flemish municipalities

We analyse whether the psychological pricing in the private sector has a public sector counterpart in tax policy. Analysing the main theoretical arguments for the existence of price points, and applying them to the public sector, suggests that psychological taxing reveals itself by the use of non-0 ending tax rates. The tax rate endings of the local income taxes, which are set by 308 Flemish municipalities in the fiscal year 1998, suggests the presence of psychological taxing. Non-0 endings occur more frequently in municipalities where demand for public policy is more elastic (and where, therefore, the benefits to the politicians from setting a tax just below a tax point is higher). The pre-tax income inequality and the level of the tax rate positively affect psychological taxing. The latter effect is reinforced in those municipalities where the existing tax rate is above the average tax rate in neighbouring municipalities and below their neighbours’ minimum, although this effect has a limited effect and is offset the further below the minimum the tax is set.     

大学新生心理适应不良的应对策略

总结大学新生心理适应不良的常见问题,分析其产生的原因,进而有针对性地引导学生进行调适,对促进大学生心理健康有着非常重要的意义,也是高校心理健康机构应给予充分重视的工作之一。     

Psychological implications of childhood meatotomies

This paper informs clinicians about the nature of childhood meatotomies, and presents two cases which suggest that the presence of a meatotomy in the developmental history of male clients should alert clinicians to the potential significance of particular body damage fears and body integrity issues in the client.     

Education's Effects on Psychological Well-Being

Data from the 1973–1978 General Social Surveys were usedto estimate, by means of multiple regression analysis, the effectsof years of school completed on eight dimensions of psychologicalwell-being for white men, white women, black men, and blackwomen. Estimates are provided of total effects, effects netof socioeconomic variables, and effects net of socioeconomicvariables, family situation, and frequency of attendance ofreligious services. There is little evidence for negative effects,the only statistically significant negative coefficient beingthat for satisfaction with community among white men. Thereis some evidence that education has positive effects on psychologicalwell-being in all subpopulalions except black men, the strongestevidence being for white women. Dummy variable regression estimatesof the effects of different increments of education indicategreater effects from four years of high school than from fouryears of college. There is tentative evidence that mothers'education may have an important positive effect on their offspring'spsychological well-being. . The data reported here are from the 1973–1978 GeneralSocial Surveys conducted by the National Opinion Research Center(James A. Davis, principal investigator) with funds from theNational Science Foundation. The authors are solely responsiblefor the analyses and interpretations presented here. The dataset was obtained from the Roper Center at the University ofConnecticut. We are indebted to the management of the San AntonioCollege Computer Center for providing computer time for thisproject.