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1.
The relationship between minimum wage increases and youth employment is investigated using county-level data and spatial econometric
techniques. Results that account for spatial correlation indicate that a 10% increase in the effective minimum wage is associated
with a 3.2% decrease in youth employment, a result that is 28% higher than the corresponding estimate that does not control
for spatial correlation. Thus, estimates that do not take into account spatial correlation may significantly underestimate
the negative effect of the minimum wage on teenage employment. Improperly controlling for factors that vary systematically
over space can lead to incorrect inferences and misinform policy.
相似文献
Charlene M. KalenkoskiEmail: |
2.
The Social Construction of Deviant Behavior in Homeless and Runaway Youth: Implications for Practice
This study examined the social construction of deviance in a sample of homeless and/or runaway youth in metropolitan Phoenix.
In depth semi-structured interviews with 14 youth were conducted, and the data were transcribed and analyzed using a qualitative
research computer program. The findings from the study point to an emerging theory, which suggests that ambiguous local policies
relevant to homeless youth (e.g., trespassing, loitering) resulted in their selective enforcement by local security and police.
Respondents described the ways that they adapted their behaviors to the environmental stressors resulting from these policies.
Implications for practice are discussed.
相似文献
Scott K. OkamotoEmail: |
3.
This study reports a meta-analysis of 75 estimates of the efficiency-wage effect. It reveals a strong efficiency-wage effect
that depends upon whether researchers control for potential simultaneity between wages and productivity. Studies that control
for simultaneity tend to report stronger effects. Clear evidence of publication selection is also found. E24, J30.
相似文献
T. D. Stanley (Corresponding author)Email: |
4.
Does smoking have a causal effect on weight reduction? 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
This study examines the relationship between smoking and body mass index (BMI) with a simultaneous equations system allowing
for censoring and endogeneity of the number of cigarettes smoked, which alleviates simultaneity bias caused by unobserved
heterogeneity and expansion bias by censoring in the regressor. The results suggest smoking may not have a strong long-term
causal effect on body weight after controlling for the endogeneity. The negative relationship between smoking and BMI reported
in the literature is potentially attributable to the aforementioned biases and should be interpreted with caution. The statistical
procedure developed can be useful in other applications with a censored endogenous regressor.
相似文献
David B. EastwoodEmail: |
5.
N. Eugene Walls Cathryn Potter James Van Leeuwen 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2009,26(3):235-257
Using a sample of 628 homeless youth and young adults from eight US cities, this study examines whether the relationship between
having been in custody of social services and suicide attempts, and the relationship between engaging in survival sex and
suicide attempts differ based on sexual orientation. Findings suggest that being in custody of social services is associated
with a significant increase in likelihood of suicide attempts for heterosexual youth, it does not, however, significantly
change the already increased risk of suicide attempts for sexual minority youth. Engaging in survival sex appears to be associated
with increased risks of suicide attempts for both heterosexual and sexual minority youth, but the increase in likelihood is
much stronger for heterosexual youth than for sexual minority youth. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
相似文献
N. Eugene WallsEmail: |
6.
Catherine Roller White Kirk O’Brien Lovie J. Jackson Anne Havalchak Chereese M. Phillips Preneka Thomas Jorge Cabrera 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2008,25(6):497-515
Because past research indicates that stronger ethnic identity is related to better outcomes in areas such as academic achievement
and mental health, it is important to provide youth in foster care with opportunities to develop their ethnic identity. Using
data from in-person interviews with 188 youth aged 14–17 in foster care (88.7% response rate), this paper explores two areas
related to ethnic identity: (1) youth perceptions about their own ethnic identity, and (2) attitudes about ethnic identity
development specific to the experience of being in foster care. Results suggest that black youth and Hispanic/Latino youth
have a stronger sense of ethnic identity than white youth. Most youth are interested in learning more about their ethnic background.
Understanding how youth in foster care identify ethnically and understanding their beliefs related to ethnic identity may
lead to the enhancement of services provided to youth across child welfare, education, and mental health systems.
相似文献
Catherine Roller WhiteEmail: |
7.
Plurality rule is mostly criticized from being capable of choosing an alternative considered as worst by a strict majority.
This paper considers elections in which the agenda consists of potential candidates strategically choosing whether or not
to enter the election. In this context, we examine the ability of scoring rules to fulfil the Condorcet criterion. We show
for the case of three potential candidates that Plurality rule is the only scoring rule that satisfies a version of the Condorcet
criterion in two cases: 1) when preferences are single-peaked and, 2) when preferences are single-dipped.
相似文献
Bernardo MorenoEmail: |
M. Socorro Puy (Corresponding author)Email: |
8.
Laura Burney Nissen 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2006,23(3):298-315
Juvenile justice—increasingly the service delivery point for adolescents with substance abuse and co-occurring problems lacking resources for other assistance—can be a model for improved and expanded, yet cost-effective, adolescent substance abuse treatment. An emergent standard of care challenges systemic inequities; a new service array facilitates dialogue among justice and treatment professionals, families, and the youth themselves. Such evidence-based practice—and the policy to implement it—have the power to transform disconnected laws, programs and professionals into an effective, efficient and successful community of responders, helping youth reclaim their lives while improving public health and public safety.
相似文献
Laura Burney NissenEmail: |
9.
We analyze the effect that state licensing of radiologic technologists (RTs) has had upon RT wages with a unique dataset that
allows us to control for place of work and job specialization. Using OLS and several measures of licensing, we find evidence
that RTs working in states with licensing statutes earn as much as 3.3% more than RTs working in states without licensing.
When we control for endogeneity using instrumental variables (IV) estimation, our estimate of the licensing premium doubles
(6.9%). Our results provide further support for existing theories of the effects of occupational licensing on the wages of
practitioners.
相似文献
Robert J. Thornton (Corresponding author)Email: |
10.
Aycan Çelikaksoy Helena Skyt Nielsen Mette Verner 《Review of Economics of the Household》2006,4(3):253-275
It is a stylized fact that marriage formation involves positive assortative matching on education. We also find this in the
case of immigrants, even when they tend to “import” their spouses and potentially trade off education for other favorable
characteristics. For Pakistanis, we find positive compensating differentials in terms of high education to youth having adopted
host country norms, when marrying a marriage migrant. This indicates that Pakistani marriage migrants pay a premium to be
able to marry and live in Denmark. For Turks, individuals having source country norms pay a premium in order to import a partner,
indicating that unspoiled traditional norms are traded off for education.
相似文献
Mette Verner (Corresponding author)Email: |
11.
Close to Home: A Simultaneous Equations Model of the Relationship Between Child Care Accessibility and Female Labor Force Participation 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Rising rates of maternal employment among current and former welfare recipients have increased the use of non-parental child
care. Little empirical work examines the relationship between women’s labor supply and the geographic supply of child care.
We combine census data with child care provider information for the state of Maryland to explore the relationship between
female labor supply and the geographic supply of child care. OLS and 3-SLS equations are estimated, and the findings are consistent
across each estimator: Women’s labor supply is sensitive to the geographic supply of child care and vice versa. These results
are important because states now spend significant money on quality improvement initiatives, many of which increase child
care supply in low-income neighborhoods.
相似文献
Burt S. BarnowEmail: |
12.
John T. Addison Lutz Bellmann Thorsten Schank Paulino Teixeira 《Journal of Labor Research》2008,29(2):114-137
This paper uses matched employee–employer LIAB data to provide panel estimates of the structure of labor demand in western
Germany, 1993–2002, distinguishing between highly skilled, skilled, and unskilled labor and between the manufacturing and
service sectors. Reflecting current preoccupations, our demand analysis seeks also to accommodate the impact of technology
and trade in addition to wages. The bottom-line interests are to provide elasticities of the demand for unskilled (and other)
labor that should assist in short-run policy design and to identify the extent of skill biases or otherwise in trade and technology.
相似文献
John T. AddisonEmail: |
13.
Madeline Zavodny 《Review of Economics of the Household》2008,6(4):369-389
It is well-known that married men earn more than comparable single men, with typical estimates of the male marriage premium
in the range of 10–20%. Some research also finds that cohabiting men earn more than men not living with a female partner.
This study uses data from the General Social Survey and the National Health and Social Life Survey to examine whether a similar
premium accrues to gay men who live with a male partner and whether cohabiting gay men have different observable characteristics
than non-cohabiting gay men. Controlling for observable characteristics, cohabiting gay men do not earn significantly more
than other gay men or more than unmarried heterosexual men. Cohabiting heterosexual men also do not earn more than non-cohabiting
heterosexual men.
相似文献
Madeline ZavodnyEmail: |
14.
This study analyses the relationships between export, import and economic growth for the 13 transition economies. Empirical
results show that there is a unidirectional causality from economic growth to export. Empirical findings show that the growth-led
export hypothesis is valid in those countries and growth is rather shaped by increase in import demand.
相似文献
Salih BarişikEmail: |
15.
Top-Down Civic Projects Are Not Grassroots Associations: How The Differences Matter in Everyday Life
Nina Eliasoph 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2009,20(3):291-308
Research on civic associations blurs an important distinction between the unfunded, informal, ongoing associations that theorists
like de Tocqueville described versus current participatory democracy projects that are funded by the state and large nongovernmental
organizations, are open to all, and are usually short-term. Based on a long-term ethnography of youth programs in the United
States, this paper shows that entities like these, which participants and researchers alike often called “volunteer” or “civic”
groups, operate very differently from traditional civic groups. The ethnography systematically details prevalent tensions
that actors face when they try to cultivate the civic spirit in these increasingly typical organizations.
相似文献
Nina EliasophEmail: |
16.
This paper concerns the author’s countertransference reflections on her work with a gay adolescent who identifies with powerfully
destructive internal objects, including Hitler and the Monster. The author describes her countertransference inquiry through
which she experiences her own potential destructiveness in order to help accommodate her adolescent patient’s rejected and
disowned self states.
相似文献
Shoshana RingelEmail: |
17.
Cathy Siebold 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2008,36(4):367-371
This paper expands on the ideas presented by Barth’s article on hidden eating disorders. The topic of eating disorders continues
to be an important focus of clinical work. Applying constructs related to the experience of shame, I explore the way that
feelings of shame may impact an exploration of eating disorders by the patient and clinician.
相似文献
Cathy SieboldEmail: |
18.
What is child care? Lessons from time-use surveys of major English-speaking countries 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper examines the definition and measurement of time devoted to child care in the diary-based surveys administered by
the United States, Canada, Australia, and Great Britain. Detailed analysis of the relationship between measures of care activity
and supervisory care in the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) illustrate the larger conceptual issues at stake.
相似文献
Jayoung YoonEmail: |
19.
We study and compare equilibrium platforms in models of unidimensional electoral competition with two and four policy motivated
parties. We first analyze the plurality game, where the party getting the most votes is elected and implements its proposed
platform. Restrictions on the set of credible announcements are needed to get existence of equilibria. Comparing equilibria
with two and four parties, we obtain that moderate parties react to the introduction of extreme parties by proposing the same
or more extreme equilibrium platforms. We then study the proportional system, where the policy implemented is a weighted sum
of the proposals, with the voting shares as weights. Here, the existence of extreme parties leads moderate ones to choose
more centrist platforms. We finally test the robustness of our results with respect to, first, the enlargement of the strategy
space to entry decisions and, second, to asymmetric distributions of voters' blisspoints.
相似文献
Georges Casamatta (Corresponding author)Email: |
Philippe De DonderEmail: |
20.
Nonprofit Isomorphism: An Australia–United States Comparison 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Jeffrey Leiter 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2008,19(1):67-91
This paper examines the organizational structures of nonprofit organizations in Australia and the United States. Using random
samples of nonprofits drawn from the two organizational populations, the analysis compares the extent of structural resemblance
or isomorphism in each. It detects similar levels of isomorphism for several structural characteristics. The paper interprets
this finding as reflecting expectations for nonprofit organizations that stretch worldwide.
相似文献
Jeffrey LeiterEmail: |