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1.
石羊河流域人口经济压力定量分析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
赵军  贾新会  甄计国 《西北人口》2008,29(6):100-103
本文针对影响人口经济压力的内在矛盾和外在因素,确定评价指标。采用主成分分析法计算人口经济压力指数,定量分析了研究区人口经济压力空间格局。研究结果表明:石羊河流域人口经济压力空间格局呈反写的C形半环状结构;同时文章研究分析了石羊河流域各县区人口经济压力现状并提出了相应对策。  相似文献   

2.
This article defines Active Citizenship within a European context as a broad range of value based participation. It develops a framework for measuring this phenomenon which combines the four dimensions of Protest and Social Change, Community Life, Representative Democracy and Democratic values. The European Social Survey 2002 is used to populate the framework as this survey provided the best data coverage available and covered 19 European Countries. In total 61 indicators were selected. A composite indicator (CI), The Active Citizenship Composite Indicator (ACCI), is built using the framework provided and using experts’ weights. In addition, the robustness of the results is tested using sensitivity analysis. The limitations to the ACCI are explained in terms of the limitation of the data availability in particular concerning the new forms of participation and less organised forms of participation. Nevertheless, ACCI proved to be statistically robust and reliable and proved to be a useful tool for monitoring levels of citizenship in Europe. The results of ACCI exhibit interesting and quite distinct regional patterns. The results showed that the Nordic countries, and in particular Sweden, have the highest rate of Active Citizenship, followed by Central Europe and Anglo-Saxon countries. Mediterranean countries are next followed by Eastern European countries that close the ranking.
Massimiliano MascheriniEmail:
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3.
Hungary has been in a transition process since the fall of the IronCurtain. This process has resulted in important developments in regionalpolicy. The introduction of a western style policy system seems,however, not to have affected regional inequality to any noticeableextent as measured by income per captia. There are still largedisparities between the richest counties and the remaining counties interms of this indicator. However, single indicator approaches toregional inequality have been criticised. Therefore in this paper weadopt a multidimensional approach to analyse regional inequality. Forthe counties of Hungary the multidimensionality of inequality is takeninto account by using a multiple of social and economic indicators thatare combined into a composite index. Theil's second measure ofmultidimensional inequality and principal component analysis are used toconstruct the composite index. The results thus obtained are used toidentify the least-favoured and the most-favoured regions. We find thatthere are substantial differences between the single indicator approachbased on per capita income and the multidimensional approach. Moreover,we argue that the EU Phare Programmes for Hungary have helped theeconomic development in developed regions situated on the EU border butat the same time have stimulated disparities within Hungary.  相似文献   

4.
基于GIS的宁夏人口经济压力空间分布研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
空间分析是深入探索空间特征的重要技术,因此作者利用空间分析中的主成分分析方法和空间自相关分析对宁夏人口经济压力分类及其分布关系进行了深入探索,结果表明,宁夏人口经济压力从北部向南部逐渐增大,在空间分布关系上人口经济压力呈现明显的组团模式,北部区域以银川为核心呈低—低关联模式,南部区域以原州区为核心呈高—高关联模式。  相似文献   

5.
我国城镇化水平的省际差异及分类研究   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
本文运用统计年鉴数据,借助SPSS统计分析软件,对我国31个省市的城镇化综合发展水平作主成分分析,并在此基础上进行聚类分析,将31个省市分为五种类型,根据分析结果总结出各个类型的特征,得出结论,最后提出自己的建议和思考。  相似文献   

6.
柯燕 《西北人口》2007,28(3):79-83
科学发展观是指导发展的科学理论,其核心是提高人民的生活质量。本文以科学发展观为指导,从宏观层面构建了澳门居民客观生活质量指标体系。该体系涵盖了经济、社会、环境三大系统,包括物质福利、教育、健康等11个与生活质量直接相关的领域,反映了澳门经济、社会、环境的整体发展面貌和居民生活质量状况,体现了全面、协调、可持续发展的科学发展观内涵。  相似文献   

7.
An Introduction to ‘Benefit of the Doubt’ Composite Indicators   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Despite their increasing use, composite indicators remain controversial. The undesirable dependence of countries’ rankings on the preliminary normalization stage, and the disagreement among experts/stakeholders on the specific weighting scheme used to aggregate sub-indicators, are often invoked to undermine the credibility of composite indicators. Data envelopment analysis may be instrumental in overcoming these limitations. One part of its appeal in the composite indicator context stems from its invariance to measurement units, which entails that a normalization stage can be skipped. Secondly, it fills the informational gap in the ‘right’ set of weights by generating flexible ‘benefit of the doubt’-weights for each evaluated country. The ease of interpretation is a third advantage of the specific model that is the main focus of this paper. In sum, the method may help to neutralize some recurring sources of criticism on composite indicators, allowing one to shift the focus to other, and perhaps more essential stages of their construction. An abridged version of this paper was presented at the Workshop on European Indicators and Scoreboards, organised by DG Education and the Joint Research Centre within the auspices of CRELL, in Brussels, October 24–25, 2005.  相似文献   

8.
基于主成分分析的新疆兵团人口可持续发展研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
刘月兰 《西北人口》2008,29(4):69-71,76
区域人口的可持续发展是区域社会经济发展的根本保证,人口的规模、素质和结构都直接关系着社会的存在和发展。文章选取兵团人口规模、职业构成、素质以及生活条件等指标构建了兵团人口的可持续发展指标体系,运用主成分分析法对兵团人口的发展现状及可持续性进行了分析,分析结果是兵团人口的综合发展指数呈下降趋势,发展具有不可持续性。对如何提高兵团人口发展的可持续性提出了具体的建议。  相似文献   

9.
Social quality has been presented as a theory that can explain economic and social progress of the daily lives of a population. The components of social quality include: socio-economic security, social inclusion, social cohesion and social empowerment. The social quality perspective views people as interacting within collective identities that provide the contexts of self-realisation. The paper tests the social quality theory by focusing on the relationship between social inclusion and social cohesion, the notion of social relations, to socio-economic security using the context of the family as a facilitator of self-realisation. Using data from the Israel Social Survey 2003, six indicators of socio-economic security were analysed. There was a small but positive and significant relationship between social inclusion and socio-economic security. We found no relationship between socio-economic security and social cohesion. These findings tend to undermine those aspects of social quality theory which posit close connections between these elements on a conceptual level.
Menachem MonnickendamEmail:
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10.
韩国提高人口素质的主要举措及经验   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
20世纪60~70年代,人口素质的提高在韩国经济腾飞过程中起到了不可忽视的作用。韩国政府通过实施家庭生育计划,完善教育制度和社会保障制度以及开展"新村运动"等在短期内大幅度提高了国民的人口素质。总结韩国政府的主要举措可以得出如下经验:注重传统儒家文化在幼儿教育中的作用;建立多层次教育体系满足各类市场人才需求;寻求多样化的教育经费投入来源;重视提高农民的受教育水平;建立完善的社会保障制度。  相似文献   

11.
There are over 200 identified community based indicator projects in the United States. This paper reviews the factors that contribute to the success and failure of community indicator projects and discusses the types of desired outcomes that communities are trying to achieve. Both organizational and political factors contributing to the success of community indicators projects are discussed. Appendices include information on many of the community indicator projects in the United States. Advice for communities seeking to launch an indicator project are outlined.  相似文献   

12.
This study develops a new method of measuring quality of life at the local and state level. Further, it presents a methodology that combines heterogeneous indicators from different fields, such as economics, social, and health, into one total measurement. The technique shown can be used to compare one region with another, or compare one metro area with its own performance through time. The analysis shows which categories and indicators are ranked as the highest and serves as a measurement of economic development and potential targets for marketing plans. Every analyst interested in an aggregate, community measurement tool should be interested in the procedure and results.  相似文献   

13.
东西部人才差距分析与西部人才培养对策   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
缩小东西部经济差距,实现中国经济协调发展,首先要大力开发西部人才资源,缩小东西部人才资源差距。本文分析了东西部在人口素质和中、高等教育方面的差距,这种差距反映了西部初等教育与中、高等教育在规模数量上存在的比例失调问题,由此提出了发展西部中、高等教育,提高人口素质、开发人才资源的有效措施。  相似文献   

14.
An existing measure of food insecurity with hunger in the United States may serve as an effective indicator of quality of life. State level differences in that measure can reveal important differences in quality of life across places. In this study, we advocate and demonstrate two simple methods by which analysts can explore state-specific contributions to state-specific hunger rates. Using existing survey data and the U.S. Department of Agriculture measure of household food insecurity with hunger, we illustrate how comparing group-specific hunger rates within states and how the demographic method of standardization can both be used to assess how a state’s population and local characteristics influence hunger rates and other quality of life indicators associated with hunger.  相似文献   

15.
The Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) is being developed for the cross-cultural measurement of subjective wellbeing (SWB). This paper reports the findings of its utility with the Hong Kong Chinese and Australian populations. An item on affect, ‘satisfaction with own happiness’ was also investigated to determine whether it should be added to the index. Three-hundred and sixty participants (180 per country), with equal representation from groups aged 18–35, 35–64 and 65 years and above, were recruited from each country. The PWI demonstrated good psychometric performance in terms of its reliability, validity and sensitivity, which are comparable in both countries. The item ‘satisfaction with own happiness’ was found to contribute significantly to the scale’s psychometric performance in Australia but not in Hong Kong. Cultural differences in the perception of the concepts ‘satisfaction’ and ‘happiness’ were suggested as an explanation for this finding. The PWI data are also consistent with homeostasis theory, which proposes that each person’s SWB level is maintained within a limited positive range. For the Australian population, their mean SWB level fell within the established Western range of 70–80, on a scale from 0 to 100. The Hong Kong population, however, fell below this range. Cultural response bias was identified as a plausible explanation for the differences between the Hong Kong and Australian samples.  相似文献   

16.
珠海市老年人生活质量研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用2010年珠海市的抽样调查资料,研究珠海市老年人的生活质量。研究结果表明,珠海市老年人的生活质量主要受老年人健康状况、经济收入、精神生活、医疗保险以及社区服务的影响。珠海市的8个城区中,高栏港的因子综合得分排名第一,香洲南屏排名第八。从5个因子的排名看,不同的城区有不同的特点,因此需要采取不同的措施提高老年人的生活质量。  相似文献   

17.
人口要素对我国食物安全的影响现状与趋势分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文通过对历史数据的回顾分析了20世纪90年代我国食物安全的现状,并运用三因素分解法着重分析了人口要素对食物供给量的影响,同时还利用趋势外推以及人口结构预测的方法分别对当前至2030年的食物供给、需求情况进行了预测。研究结果表明,我国当前及未来在食物的供需平衡方面虽略有亏空,但在总体上保持了平衡。食物安全现存的主要问题是食物资源分配不均与营养结构不全面的问题。同时,本文研究的政策内涵预示,降低食物的损耗率也是缓解我国食物安全压力的行之有效的措施。  相似文献   

18.
社会保障与经济发展协调度比较及原因分析   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
谭伟  吴永求 《西北人口》2011,32(3):83-87,93
本文在构建社会保障与区域经济综合评价指标体系的基础上,计算了各省市社会保障与经济发展的协调度,并对其原因进行了分析。研究发现,各省区域间协调度差异较大,东部地区省份和大多数中部地区省份,社会保障发展水平滞后于经济发展水平;而西部地区则与之相反,社会保障发展水平高于其经济发展水平。对各地区协调度差异的原因分析则表明,经济发展水平、城市化水平、人均社会保障财政支出额、所有制结构是影响社会保障与经济协调发展的重要因素。  相似文献   

19.
唐维维 《西北人口》2006,(4):9-11,15
虽然生活质量在过去的十年里,在大多数国家里已经得到了很大的提高,但确并没有引起我们的足够重视。生活质量在健康和医疗行为上都是一个基本的指示器,所以对生活质量的研究显得非常重要,特别是计算出有关我国各省自治区人民的生活质量综合得分,再通过它去评估我国人民的生活质量和解决与生活质量有关的问题。在这篇文章中我们运用了因子分析的方法进行研究,从而建立分析模型。  相似文献   

20.
农民工是具有中国特色的"非工非农"群体,对这一领域的研究还十分欠缺。在重庆市农民工抽样调查的基础上分析其生活质量的现状及特征,揭示农民工生活质量不高的外在原因与内在矛盾,建立与完善农民工社会保障制度与改革户籍制度对提升农民工生活质量有着重要的理论与现实意义。  相似文献   

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