古钱币一瞥(英文)

China was one of the first countries to use money. In the late Neolithic Period, livestock and natural cowries were used as a form of currency. In the Shang and Zhou Dynasties (ca. 16th century-221 BC), unwrought weight metals and cast coins appeared with the rise of commodity exchanges.     

A Brief Introduction to Sociolinguistics

Language works as one of the most important instrument of social interaction. From social point of view,two aspects of language behavior are very important. 1） The function of language in establishing social relationships. 2） The role played by language by conveying information about the speaker, That is to say,sociolinguistics concerns with the interaction between the society and the language. In this paper,we are going to talk about the interaction in two aspects： the basic social functions of language,and the relationship between language and society.     

当代中国社会阶层划分中的性别因素(英文)

In the past 20 years Chinese society has changed from one with allocation of its socialeconomic resources being relatively equal to one with social economic differences. Thisdeveloped gradually, from a society composed of a relatively simple social structure to onethat now has more complex social stratums. Here, I will elaborate on the relationship betweensocial stratification and gender factors. The analysis is based on the data from the samplesurvey of two cities--Shenzhen in Guangdong Province and Hefei in Anhui Province.     

周好璐: 用至诚热爱 守护国韵昆曲

Zhou Haolu is a national, first-class performer, and director of the creation and researchstudio, with Northern Kunqu Opera Theatre,in Beijing. She has been dedicated foryears to promoting the prosperous development of Kunqu Opera. Zhou was born intoa prestigious family of Kunqu Opera artists, so it is only natural that she says KunquOpera is in her blood, and an inseparable part of her life.     

Hot Land Created by Rural Women

Tens of thousands of visitors attended the China national exhibition on "Rural Women's Achievements in Ten Years of the Dual Campaign" that was held recently in Beijing. Through pictures, models, material objects and video shows displayed throughout the 5, 700 square meters of floor space, they got to know of many rural women and their excellent performances. Their economic and social benefits helped the audience to re-appraise them, appreciating them as contributors to the state not just poor rural women with no social standing or economic status.     

Sexual Equality, Contradictions Between Beliefs and Reality

"The Beijing Area Study" (BAS) is a large-scale social investigation and research project planned and implemented by the Beijing University Research Centre for Contemporary China together with the Beijing Municipal Government Policy Research Office. The purpose of the survey is to understand the attitudes of Beijing residents towards the changing social atmosphere under a market economy. It also includes some questions related to women's issues.This BAS survey questions people between the ages of 18 and 70, and is carried out once a year, in order to keep a current database.     

Marriage and Family Therapy

About the author: Chen Yiyun graduated from the Russian Language and Literature Departraent at Beijing University in 1964. She then enrolled at the Sociology Institute of the China Academy of Social Sciences in 1978. Upon graduation, she remained at the Institute as a research fellow. She later became editor-in-chief of the magazine Sociology Abroad. She translated and edited dozens of sociology books. In 1988, after she returned from the United States, she devoted herself to the research of sociology and marriage consultation. In 1993, Chen set up the Jinglun Family Science Center, a non-governmental organization which is a combination of scientific research and social practice. She organized scholars, social workers and volunteers from sectors of public health, education and legislation to conduct useful activities to promote democracy in the family, equality, health and civilization.     

老式箱柜(英文)

The history of cupboards and chests in China is lengthy, beginning during the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties(C. 2100—221 B. C.). By the Ming and Qing dynasties(1368—1911), cases and cabinets had become necessities, which resulted in a greater attention being paid to their style. Elegant and in good taste, they were made of carefully chosen materials and boast meticulous workmanship.     

Following Zhang Wenjin to the United States

In 1937,Zhang Ying studied at the Lu Xun Art Institute in Yan'an.After graduation she began working in the art world under Zhou Enlai's direction.In 1983, she followed her husband Zhang Wenjin to the United States as wife of the ambassador.During her two-year stay in the U.S., she came into close contact with many American women while working to promote mutual understanding and friendship between the people of the two countries.After her retirement in 1991,she sponsored the production of a 10-episode documentary TV program,"Zhou Enlai and the Arts."She also wrote a book about her experience in the United States,Called,Following Zhang Wenjin to the United States—Notes of an Ambassador's Wife.The following are extracts from the book.     

聆听甘南的梵音

Gannan, in the general sense, includes Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, in Sichuan Province, and Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, in Qinghai Province. During tile Spring and Autumn Period （770-476 BC）, Gannan was dominated by the ancient Qiang （later Tibetan） people. During the Han Dynasty （206 BC-220 AD）, the emperor brought Gannan into the feudal regime of Central China.     

FROM THE CHINESE PRESS

Over 1.5 million women workers from 13,000 enterprises have joined the social coordinated system for child-bearing insurance funds in Zhejiang Province. The funds are paid by regular and contract workers and casual laborers from state-owned and collective enterprises and Chinese employees from joint ventures. The social labor insurance committees under the local governments at the city or county levels are in charge of the practical work for taking over the funds. The amounts of money each pays varies according to the different living standard and salary level in each area.     

Lifting Poverty with Willpower

More than 1 billion people in the world today--the great majority of whom are women--live in absolute poverty....In order to eradicate poverty and achieve sustainable development, women and men must participate fully and equally in the formulation of macroeconomic and social policies and strategies for the eradication of poverty.--Extracts from Platform For Action of the 4th World Conference On Women     

Women and the Environment: Declaration Encourages Active Participation

JUNE 5, 1994 has been mandated World Environment Day. On this day the first meeting on Women and the Environment in China was held in Beijing and the Declaration of Chinese Women on Environment was established. According to the declaration, environmental pollution and the destruction of the ecology have posed a serious threat to the survival of the human race. It has become a great issue of common concern. The functions of women in procreation and social development are directly affected by the deterioration of the environment. It is the common interest of the populations of the world to protect the environment. The declaration notes that Chinese women are greatly concerned about the environmental conditions of their     

A Literary Study on Naturalistic Factors in Sister Carrie

Sister Carrie is the masterpiece of Theodore Dreiser who adopted naturalism while creating this work and made contribution to the maturity of naturalism in America.Carrie,the main character of this novel,is not only successful but also controversial.Through a tentative analysis of Carrie’s experience,in particular,the influence of environmental factors and hereditary factors upon her,the author of this paper attempts to give some advice in the light of the universal social problems:the youth should be self-respected,self-confident and self-dependent enough to overcome the disadvantages that environmental factors and hereditary factors have brought them,so that they are qualified to be the masters of their own fate.     

A Literary Study on Naturalistic Factors in Sister Carrie

Sister Carrie is the masterpiece of Theodore Dreiser who adopted naturalism while creating this work and made contribution to the maturity of naturalism in America.Carrie,the main character of this novel,is not only successful but also controversial.Through a tentative analysis of Carrie’s experience,in particular,the influence of environmental factors and hereditary factors upon her,the author of this paper attempts to give some advice in the light of the universal social problems:the youth should be self-respected,self-confident and self-dependent enough to overcome the disadvantages that environmental factors and hereditary factors have brought them,so that they are qualified to be the masters of their own fate.     

多措并举抓好基层妇女参政工作

Meixian County, in Meizhou, in South China＇s Guangdong Province, in recent years has encouraged women to participate in villages＇ democratic autonomous management, in part to promote rural economic and social development. Tile county has strived to improve the percentage of women members and directors of villages＇ committees.     

A gilt from Heaven

DR.Martin Wilbur,an American historian,recently gave a speech in the United States entitled "The Influence and Contribution to Contemporary Cultural Development by the Chinese." Apart from his study on the history of Chinese contemporary political and social development, Dr. Wilbur talked about significant contributions made by Chinese in the fields of science, architecture and art. There are about 1 million Chinese-Americans living in the U,S.,Composing 0.5 Percent of the American population. About 100,000 of them immigrated to     

Information from Non-Gove rnmental Organizations (NGO)Forum Seminars in China

Development of Rural Women STUDY and discussion on the development of rural women have centered on several areas: to improve rural women's abilities through greater access to education and training which will enable them to participate in social activity; to manage and make policy; to have better jobs to overcome their poverty; and to learn how to make use of legal protections. At present the main problem is that the low level of education and training restricts the development of rural women. Currently the reality in the countryside is that men go out to find jobs and women stay at home to tend the fields. Sixty to seventy percent of the agricultural labor force is women. The feminization of agriculture brings opportunity to women but also increases their     

Colored Clay Bodhisattva

Buddhism was introduced to Zhejiang Province during the Three Kingdoms (220-280). In the Song Dynasty the Buddhist doctrine developed with typical Chinese character. The flourishing commerce in cities and social consciousness toward real life greafiy influenced Buddhist statue art. As a result, the image of Buddha,which was a bearded male found in the Dunhuang Caves of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), changed to     

Appreciating Children

ANOTHER Spring Festival was drawing near. From her college in Dalian, sophomore Zhou Tingting returned home to Nanjing—to the family that had given her life and affection, and perhaps most importantly, appreciation. Family indeed has special meaning for Zhou Tingting. She is a deaf girl who entered college at age of 16, but it