诗意难求：关于中国历代“长恨歌图”不兴的一个文图学考察——兼论诗意图的文本选择和诗意生成

中国历代丰富庞杂的《长恨歌》图像谱系中,大多数是诗意难求的未确定或是有争议的图像,严格意义上的“长恨歌图”处于缺位状态。《长恨歌》题材的特殊性及其叙事性和传奇性特点使其更符合市民阶层的文化娱乐需求,而与文人对于抒情写意和深远超然神韵的追求异趣。传统诗意图采取的单幅山水人物画形式不利于《长恨歌》的图像化。因此,中国古代画家图绘《长恨歌》的兴趣和热情远不及《琵琶行》。中国历代“长恨歌图”的缺失也体现了诗意图在文本选择和诗意生成方面的独特要求。     

略谈《长恨歌》主题的模糊性

《长恨歌》的主题历来有争论,它已经成为中国古代文学研究中的难题之一。 古代研究者们的评论,主要有两种观点:一种以为《长恨歌》的主题是讽谕,“讥明皇迷于色而不悟也”;另一种看法认为《长恨歌》只是写李、杨爱情,“不过述明皇追怆贵妃始末,无他激扬”。 建国后对《长恨歌》主题的讨论,主要有三种意见:一是讽谕说;二是爱情说;三是双重主题说。 讽谕说认为不但《长恨歌》全诗自始至终贯穿着对李、杨的讽刺,而且诗人的创作意图也在于讽刺。又有论者提出帝妃之间不可能有真正的爱情的观点,因而《长恨歌》只能是讽刺而不可能是歌颂。 爱情说…     

《长恨歌》二重主题说辨疑

白居易《长恨歌》的主题思想,学术界长期以来存在着争议。其中主要一种观点认为:《长恨歌》一方面批判唐玄宗荒淫误国,一方面又对唐玄宗和杨贵妃的爱情悲剧深表同情,两者互为矛盾,此即所谓“二重主题”说。如朱东润先生主编的《中国历代文学作品选》在《长恨歌》的“题解”中说:“……其中对唐玄宗和杨贵妃生离死别的悲哀,寓有同情之意。诗以传说作为素材;而作者的目的,则不但‘感其事’,同时也意图通过这一事件,批判统治集团荒淫而招致祸乱,垂作历史教训。这两者之间是有矛盾的,因而使得诗的主题思想复杂化。”游国恩先生等主编的《中国文学史》和刘大杰先生编著的《中国文学发展史》也均持这一观点。这一争议,迄今尚无定论。笔者以为《长恨歌》的主题思想不存在这一矛盾,不仅《长恨     

民族景观戏剧的特色追求——以中国首部景观舞剧《长恨歌》为例

相对于西方侧重于异地巡演式的＂再造景观＂歌剧而言,中国景观戏剧更侧重自然山水与历史人文相融合的＂实地景观＂演出。景观舞剧《长恨歌》的创意特色主要表现在：区别于一般实景演出,《长恨歌》具有坚实的戏剧性内核;区别于国外景观戏剧,《长恨歌》立足当代中国民族化的景观审美情趣。     

辨白居易评价《长恨歌》的矛盾心态——兼论《长恨歌》归入“感伤诗”的意义

当白居易以文学家的审美眼光观照《长恨歌》时，言辞中潜溢着欣赏之情，而当他以政治家的功利眼光审视《长恨歌》时，往往又流露出轻视之意。封建文人所肩负的双重角色、所固有的矛盾人格，造成了白居易矛盾心态的出现。白居易以归类的方式重申了他对《长恨歌》主题归属的定位，从而为我们提供了一把解开这一矛盾心态的钥匙。     

《长恨歌》主题刍议

《长恨歌》主题刍议张建东很少有作品象《长恨歌》这样，对主题思想的认识，长时间不能取得共识。近年来，特别是俞平伯“隐事”说被重新提出以后，这种讨论又很是热闹了一阵子。虽说提出了一些新材料，使讨论得以深人，但迄今为止，仍仁者见仁，智者见智，四说并存的局面...     

在美与刺的和谐统一中劝君——《长恨歌》主题试探

在中唐诗坛上,白居易的《长恨歌》特别引人注目,因其所写的李杨爱情悲剧的特殊性,加上故事本身在社会上广泛流传,所以《长恨歌》的主题至今仍是众说纷坛,莫衷一是。大体看,目前我国学术界对此诗的主题持四种不同看法,即讽谕说、爱情说、双重主题说、世界观矛盾说等。我认为,尽管这几种说法都有其合理成分,但也都存在着某些缺陷和不足。我觉得,对于《长恨歌》应该和别的古代作品一样,本着“知人论世”的原则,结合诗的具体内容,及其作品产生时的特定社会环境,并结合白居易本人的生活和当时的文学主张,在特定的历史环境中认识诗的主题。根据《长恨歌传》及有关史料,此诗作于元和元年冬十二月,白居易时年35岁,调任周至县尉。当时正是安史之乱发生后的中唐,国家百病千疮、百业待兴,藩镇割据,宦官专权,内忧外患,使本来就凄凉的     

《长恨歌》主题思想讨论会综述

1989年11月16日,西安师专中文系87级同学在主讲教师师长泰副教授的指导下,举行了《长恨歌》主题思想讨论会。《唐都学刊》编辑部应邀参加,辑得论文16篇,现将主要论点综述如下: 关于《长恨歌》的主题,国内学术界曾展开过多次讨论,迄今为止仍是众说纷纭、莫衷一是,但归纳起来不外三种观点:讽喻说、爱情说、双重主题说等。这次讨论会上,同学们广征博引、尽抒己见,有的声援爱情说,有的支持双重主题说,有的还从新的角度、新的观点观照作者、作品,得出新的结论。就支持传统观点的同学来说,他们并非是人云亦云式的随声附和。很多同学支持爱情说,     

论《梧桐雨》的主题及研究方法

元人白朴的《梧桐雨》杂剧是描写唐明皇与杨贵妃故事的著名历史悲剧。在历史上,李杨故事本身是极其离奇的。“后宫佳丽三千人,三千宠爱在一身。”“遂令天下父母心,不重生男重生女。”这在帝妃关系史上,诚为罕见;况且,它又与安史之乱——这一重大历史事件纠合在一起,就显得更加复杂了。从而使许多反映这个故事的文学作品也往往呈现了复杂的状态。在白居易《长恨歌》和洪升《长生殿》的主题讨论中,     

1990年《唐都学刊》优秀论文受到转载、摘登及题录的部分情况

1.人大复印资料: 1.1全文复印; 1.1.1罗积勇《“对称同构”原则在汉语及汉文化中的体现》,《唐都学刊》199。年第、期, 人大报刊资料复印中心《语言文字学》1990年第扭期全文复印。 1.1.2梁瑜霞《<长恨歌、主题思想研讨会综述》,《唐都学刊》199。年第2期,人大报刊资料复印中心《中国古近代文学研究》]一卿O年第9期全文复印。 工.1.3丁乃宽《沦儒学、社会心态与宋代词风之演变》.《唐都学刊》199。年第3期,人大复印资料《中国古近代文学研究》1,9。年第11期全文复印。 1.1.凌梁瑜霞《唐代小说与诗并称奇作原因考》、《唐都学刊》1990年第‘…     

幽默的界定及其学科归属问题

幽默有广义和狭义之分 ,中国人大多倾向于狭义幽默。但狭义幽默存在着四个方面的问题 ,不利于学术研究 ,为此 ,本文提出了广义幽默说。在幽默的学科归属问题上 ,本文指出了幽默的美学属性及其不足之处 ,然后从三个方面论证了幽默是修辞现象 ,更应该纳入修辞学视野     

培育社会主义企业精神刍议

企业精神是一个企业的灵魂,它包括企业领导和职工的理想信念、效益观念、信息观念竞争观念、道德法纪观念等,企业精神对企业的发展有着保证、制约和促进作用,培育良好的社会主义企业精神,对企业的发展有重要意义.     

构建和谐社会思想对社会认识的深化

从三位一体到四位一体的转变其新意主要在于,增添了关于社会建设和社会和谐的内容,而这里所说的社会是狭义的。马克思主义的唯物史观属于广义的社会观;而社会学作为一门具体的社会科学则属于狭义的社会观。二者之间作为人类认识社会的不同角度或方式,有区别也可以互补。从广义的社会观向狭义的社会观转变是对社会认识的深化,在理论上还有许多工作要做:首先,马克思和恩格斯在狭义上使用社会概念,具体地分析社会问题的思想需要挖掘;其次,西方社会学研究社会问题的行之有效的方法和技术需要吸收;再者,中国共产党建设革命根据地,特别是在全国执政50多年的经验教训需要总结。     

语感和语言系统

语感是对于语言系统存在的心理感知,是一种语言心理现象,不是语言能力。语言系统存在于语感之中,表现为言语。语感有经验习得性、个人心理性、群体可通性、前理性、主观直觉性、可意会性和可验证的现实性等属性。语感研究既有理论意义,又有应用价值。应当确立语感在语言学理论的适当地位。     

论剥削范畴

剥削是一种历史现象，也是一种现实行为。它有狭义与广义之分。狭义剥削赖以存在的基础是生产资料私有制，广义剥削的产生和存在却需要以权力为基础。政治权力的经济化，经济权力的自利化，是广义剥削具体表现，也是其存在的内在根源。狭义的和广义的剥削方式、手段及基本特征有相同的一面，但也有区别。对有历史进步意义的剥削形式，要采取历史的容忍态度，对无任何进步意义的剥削行为，要采取历史的淘汰态度。     

Adult children of parents with mental illness: Family stigma and coping on sense of self

Family stigma is associated with persistent negative outcomes among adult children of parents with mental illness (ACOPMI). Loss of sense of self has been reported by ACOPMI; however, the role of family stigma on sense of self remains unclear. Additionally, research suggests coping behaviour (i.e. adaptive or maladaptive) influences the effect of stigmatization on sense of self. This study investigated the impact of family stigma and coping on sense of self among ACOPMI (N = 134, 63.4% female). As hypothesized, high family stigma was associated with weak sense of self (p < 0.001), and ACOPMI who endorsed adaptive coping demonstrated higher sense of self than those who coped maladaptively (p < 0.001). Further, coping moderated the relationship between family stigma and sense of self (p < 0.001). Unexpectedly, this relationship was only significant for ACOPMI with adaptive coping skills (p < 0.001). At higher levels of stigmatization, post hoc analysis revealed coping styles did not exert an influence on sense of self. Results suggest family stigma contributes to loss of sense of self among ACOPMI, with adaptive coping being protective only at lower levels of family stigma. Findings highlight the need for a systemic approach to eradicate family stigma.     

优势视角在教师归属感培训中的运用——以工读学校教师为例

近年来,优势视角逐渐被认同与应用于社会工作中,四川地震的发生涌现出无数优秀教师,但是也不乏有缺失教师道德之流。教师心理抗逆力进入了人们的视线。而工读学校教师是一特殊的教师群体,笔者希望以此为契机探索培养教师心理抗逆力问题。笔者有幸跟随席小华老师参与了两次针对北京市工读学校教师开展的心理抗逆素质的培训。教师心里抗逆素质的培养主要是针对培养教师心理的效能感、乐观感、归属感三方面。本文仅从归属感这其中一个方面加以阐述,并尝试纪录对教师心理抗逆力培养的探索过程。     

Sensing Bodies and Digitally Mediated Distress

ABSTRACT

In The Five Senses (2008) Michel Serres shows how the body is not an abstracted, dislocated surface that allows for the objectification of the senses and instead illustrates how it is a process: one of continually infolding sensitivities that translate our bodily feelings into a fluid sense of the world. In this article we explore what it means to be a body in the mediated environments of everyday lives of those who visit social media sites that are designed to help people deal with mental distress. We will discuss the way that “bodies” must tack between oft-competing pressures and draws, which emanate from the performance of sense that is contained within these sites. Attempts to “make” sense of the body in such terrains often require an increasingly sophisticated set of skills and expertise and can, despite our best efforts, result in the body being transported to unexpected places. In order to capture a sense of movement, people must try to transform their offline experiences into a set of actions that can be rendered meaningful in terms of an online domain, which we argue is against the way that people sense. We develop a theory of sensory bodies as subject to continual “movement,” drawing on the work of Serres, Simondon, and Manning, before discussing three examples of social media use in mental health, and the potential implications for people having to learn to sense in and through such online spaces.     

Stemming retail leakage with a sense of community: Leveraging the links between communal ties and shopping decisions

Retail business development is a broad goal for both private business interests as well as local policymakers, yet the goal of retail opportunities for local residents themselves is often seen as secondary. This paper considers the argument that retail opportunities and sense of community are in fact linked in important ways, links that reinforce the social fabric of a community and/or neighborhood. The paper first briefly reviews the inherent linkages between retail shopping and local development patterns, and then considers the sense of community in the context of Garfield County in western Colorado. Based on the key questions derived from this background, we formally test the inter-relationship between local retail spending and sense of community from detailed survey data, then more broadly consider the factors that critically shape a locality's “sense of community.” These findings shape several important policy implications.     

Sense‐making in a social work office: an ethnographic study of safeguarding judgements

Social workers are routinely required to make finely balanced judgements on matters defined by subjectivity and uncertainty. Often, these judgements have to be made on the basis of information which is incomplete, inconclusive and contested. The way in which social workers make sense of such information is a crucial component of effective assessment and intervention. This ethnographic study of judgements in a social work office describes some of the practices which practitioners employed in making sense of information about children and young people's needs. The findings suggest that initial statements in dialogue may potentially act as signposts for preceding intuitive sense‐making. Observations offer insights into the way in which individuals construct professional responsibility. The study also suggests that sense‐making is not necessarily an individual activity but can be an activity which is shared between people and across teams. The findings indicate the importance of emotional intelligence and intersubjectivity in social work judgements.