大学生身体自我满意度与社会支持概述

身体自我(physical self)是指个人对自己身体的认知评价,诸如对身体外表的知觉、身体想象、身体完美感知觉等等。大学生对自己身体状况满意程度与社会支持水平和大学生的心理健康成长有比较大的相关,本文希望通过对大学生身体自我满意度与社会支持的探讨,了解大学生心理健康成长的相关因素,以进一步应用于教学实践。     

大学生身体综合素质评价的数学模型

通过查阅文献、专家咨询和对相关数据的分析，选取身体综合素质评价的指标，利用线性插值和数理统计的方法为所选指标制定评分标准。在此基础上利用层次分析法建立身体综合素质评价的数学模型，对大学生身体综合素质体评价方法进行了探索。     

NEET族的自我意象建构与自我宽恕研究

NEET族的自我是在退出竞争性关系联结、转嫁物质约束、幽闭于情感欲望下的意象建构。自我意象是个体对自我的认知与评判的统合,统合使NEET族对自身冒犯行为造成的伤害采取自我宽恕策略,自我宽恕粘合了NEET族的多重自我,造成低自立人格加重、心理调控力衰退以及零风险嗜好的后果进一步固化NEET族身份。社会心态修复、法律赋能、关系的联结以阻隔NEET族自我意象的扩充与稳定。     

大学生自我评价研究述评

大学生是一个特殊的群体,其心理问题的成因及表现十分复杂,本文通过对已有研究的分析了解到大学生自我评价的特点,并总结了现代大学生自我评价的现状,帮助大学生通过自我评价更加深刻的认识自我。     

对大学生羽毛球队员身体训练的调查及策略研究

本研究采用文献资料、问卷调查、测试等方法,对参加全国大学生羽毛球锦标赛的12所大学羽毛球队员的身体训练状况进行了深入的调查研究。调查结果显示,羽毛球队员技术水平的提升与其自身的身体素质训练的水平息息相关。文章主要对参加我国大学生羽毛球锦标赛的羽毛球队员在日常身体素质训练过程中遇到的问题进行分析,为教练员和运动员面对这些问题时,提供如何科学合理的解决方法和建议,为大学生羽球队员技术水平的提升提供一定的帮助。     

服装表演专业大学生身体意向与自尊的相关研究

为了探讨服装表演专业大学生的身体意向与自尊的关系及相互影响,采用多纬自我体像满意度调查问卷和Rosenberg编制的自尊量表,对江苏、广西来自三所大学的共320名服装表演专业及其他普通专业的大学生进行测查。结果表明:服装表演专业大学生身体意向总体情况比普通专业学生更加乐观,大部分服装表演专业学生对于他们的身体意向更加满意;服装表演专业学生体像得分存在性别、年级;大学生的自尊与体像之间存在显著的正相关;服装表演专业大学生自尊得分高于普通专业大学生。     

大学生身体锻炼动机影响因素的实证研究

研究目的:本研究的主要目的在于鉴别年龄、性别与运动项目偏好是否会影响大学生参与体育锻炼的动机。同时考虑三者的交互作用对大学生参与体育锻炼动机的影响。研究方法:采用自我决定问卷(SMS)进行填答,问卷分成3个维度,外部动机、内部动机与无动机分析。结果显示年龄、运动项目偏好与性别的交互作用对大学生参与体育锻炼的动机产生影响(P<0.05),运动项目偏好与年龄的交互作用对大学生体育锻炼动机总体得分影响较为显著(P<0.01),其中对外部动机得分的影响最为明显(P<0.01)。同时研究结果显示,在年龄分组中年纪最大的大学生相比较其他两组大学生而言,自我决定问卷的评定效果较差。另外,研究最初假设自我决定问卷评定等级会因性别不同出现差异,但研究结果在性别中并未出现显著差异。     

拉丁舞练习对大学生身体形态影响的实验研究

拉丁舞是体育舞蹈两大体系之一，它包括桑巴、恰恰恰、伦巴、斗牛、牛仔五个舞种。拉丁舞起源于非洲和拉丁美洲，具有热情、奔放、浪漫的风格特点。进行拉丁舞练习时，舞伴之间可贴身、可分离，并在各自固定的范围内辐射式地变换方向和角度，展现舞姿。舞蹈动作豪放粗犷、速度多变，手势和脚步的内容丰富，充满激情。音乐曲调缠绵浪漫，活泼热烈，节奏感强，深受大学生的青睐。     

互联网时代下大学生学习自我效能感对学习倦怠的影响研究

互联网时代下,信息繁杂,缺乏信息辨别能力的大学生容易沉迷于他人所展现出的世界,影响心理健康,从而产生学习倦怠。本文通过分析梳理互联网时代下大学生学习自我效能感对学习倦怠的影响机制,明确二者之间存在的关系机制,谋求在降低大学生的学习倦怠、助力学生养成积极向上的良好心态方面提供理论依据。     

大学生英语学习效能感及其影响因素研究

学习自我效能感对学习成就有较大的影响作用,对学生的学习和一生的发展有比较重要的意义。本文对普通院校大学生英语学习效能感的现状及其影响因素展开研究,并尝试探索提高大学生英语学习效能感的途径。     

Perceptions of Body Image

Abstract

Perception of body image is an important component of self-concept and self-esteem. It has significant influence on work performance, a sense of physical attractiveness and incidents of health problems, such as anorexia. Negative perceptions of others by employees and supervisors can lead to violations of the Americans with Disabilities Act.     

台湾当代大学生的政治意识（续）

本文认为“政治意识”是一个社会的“政治睛雨表”,而台湾大学生的政治意识是台湾社会现实的真切反映,为此从八个方面揭示了台湾大学生政治意识的新变化、新特点,及其内蕴的社会走向。     

台湾当代大学生的政治意识

本文认为“政治意识”是一个社会的“政治晴雨表”,而台湾大学生的政治意识是台湾社会现实的真切反映,为此从八个方面揭示了台湾大学生政治意识的新变化、新特点,及其内蕴的社会走向。     

Internet Pornography use and Sexual Body Image in a Dutch Sample

Objectives: A commonly attributed cause of sexual body image dissatisfaction is pornography use. This relationship has received little verification. Methods: The relationship between sexual body image dissatisfaction and Internet pornography use was tested using a large-N sample of Dutch respondents. Results/Conclusion: Penis-size dissatisfaction is associated with pornography use. The relationship between pornography use and breast-size dissatisfaction is null. These results support prior speculation and self-reports about the relationship between pornography use and sexual body image among men. These results also support a prior null finding of the relationship between breast-size satisfaction for women and pornography use.     

Relationship Between Body Image and Body Mass Index in College Men

Objective and Participants: The authors examined cognitive and affective dimensions of body image of a randomized sample of 188 college men on the basis of body mass index (BMI). Methods: They conducted chi-square tests and ANOVAs to determine differences between 4 BMI groups (underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese) on demographics and body image measures. Results: The authors found significant differences in regard to total body image (p < .001), weight or shape concern (p < .001), and body dissatisfaction (p < .001). BMI was significantly correlated with negative body image. Overweight and obese participants reported significantly higher levels of negative body image than did normal- and underweight participants. Overweight participants reported significantly higher weight and shape concerns than did underweight, normal-weight, and obese participants. In regard to body dissatisfaction, underweight, overweight, and obese participants reported significantly higher levels of body dissatisfaction than that reported by normal-weight participants. Conclusions: BMI may be an important factor in identifying potential body image disorders in college-aged men.     

Communication With Parents and Body Satisfaction in College Students

Abstract

Objective: This study examined how communication with parents is related to college students’ body satisfaction. Participants and Methods: Participants (N = 134; 58 males and 76 females) completed a survey in March 2011 assessing body satisfaction and perceptions of communication with mothers and fathers. Results: Daughters’ body satisfaction was negatively correlated with perceptions of problematic communication with mothers and fathers. Sons’ body satisfaction was positively correlated with open communication with their mothers and negatively correlated with problematic communication with their mothers. Conclusions: Findings indicated problematic communication with mothers was the most powerful predictor of daughters’ body satisfaction, whereas open communication with mothers was the best predictor of sons’ body satisfaction.     

A Grounded Analysis of Career Uncertainty Perceived by College Students in Taiwan

The authors examined career‐related uncertainties perceived by college students in Taiwan. Five hundred thirty‐two Taiwanese students responded to a free‐response instrument containing 3 questions related to career uncertainties: (a) the sources of career uncertainty, (b) the experiences at the moment of feeling uncertainty, and (c) coping efficacies toward the uncertainty. Responses were sorted into categories within each question based on the grounded theory methodology (B. G. Glaser & A. L. Strauss, 1967). A hypothetical model was developed to describe college students' perceptions of career uncertainties, experiences of feeling uncertainty, and coping efficacy toward the uncertainty.     

Eating Disorder Risk and Body Dissatisfaction Based on Muscularity and Body Fat in Male University Students

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relationship between risk of eating disorders, body dissatisfaction, and perceptual attractiveness in male university students. Participants: Research was conducted January–April 2012 and involved 339 male and 441 female students. Methods: Eating disorder risk was assessed with the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) and body dissatisfaction and perceptual attractiveness determined with the Bodybuilder Image Grid (BIG). Results: There was a positive correlation (r = .16, p < .01) between the EAT and fat dissatisfaction and a negative correlation (r = ?.14, p < .05) for muscle dissatisfaction, 28% of the males had an EAT score indicating that they were at risk for an eating disorder. Males chose a significantly more muscular and leaner body type than what females chose to be attractive. Conclusion: College-aged males may be at risk for eating disorders based on distortions in their perceived ideal body image, both for fat and muscle.     

Predicting 1-Year Change in Body Mass Index Among College Students

Objective: Despite beliefs about weight gain in college, few researchers have evaluated this phenomenon. Participants: Participants were 18- to 31-year-old students at a midwestern university. The dependent variable was body mass index (BMI) change. Methods: The authors extracted predictor variables from a Health Risk Appraisal. These included clinical, medical history, medical usage, medications, pain or chronic conditions, perceptual measures, and behavioral factors. The authors performed an ordinal regression technique separately by gender. Results: No predictors were significant for men. Women in the BMI gain group were (1) more likely to consume alcohol, use maladaptive coping behaviors, eat foods low in fiber, and consume caffeine; and (2) less likely to be stress-free, to eat cruciferous vegetables, and to refrain from eating high-cholesterol foods. Conclusions: The lack of research on predictors of and interventions for reducing BMI gain among college students warrants more research.     

Differences in Emerging-Adult Women's Body Image and Sexuality Outcomes According to BMI and Dating Status

ABSTRACT. Emerging adulthood is a crucial time for the development of body image and sexuality concerns among women. We collected self-reported data from 184 women to determine possible differences according to body mass index (BMI) classification and dating status. Multivariate analyses of variance and follow-up univariate analyses of variance were conducted to determine differences in body image and sexuality outcomes according to both BMI (normal weight vs. overweight) and dating status (dating vs. not dating) as well as interaction effects of BMI and dating status. First, results indicated differences between normal-weight and overweight women for body satisfaction, body self-consciousness, and body image avoidance. Overweight women had lower satisfaction, higher self-consciousness, and more avoidance. Differences were also found between women who were dating and those who were not dating for body satisfaction and self-consciousness: Women not dating had lower satisfaction and higher self-consciousness. Second, whereas results indicated that women of varying BMIs did not differ on sexuality outcomes, differences were found according to dating status for sexual attitudes, esteem, and self-schema, such that women not dating had more conservative sexual attitudes, less sexual esteem, and lower self-schemas. No significant interaction effects were found.