基于Agent和进化博弈的服务商动态联盟协同管理策略研究

基于进化博弈理论,实现了用于服务商动态联盟协同管理工作的多智能体模拟系统,并进行模拟数据分析。扩展传统对称静态博弈为含惩罚参数和协同效率参数的离散进化博弈情形,设计一种含历史信息和近邻特征的群体进化学习规则;在Repast基础上,用java编程实现了多加盟企业进化博弈Agent模拟系统并进行分析。结果表明:agent规模数对平均收益影响小,具有不同决策特征的agent的比例分布能改变企业的平均收益,不同协同率、沟通方式和惩罚参数对期望收益有影响。为电子商务和移动商务环境下的动态联盟管理决策提供参考。     

非对称企业合作创新的进化博弈模型分析

转型深化期,合作创新愈来愈多的在不同产业或规模、实力不同的非对称企业间开展。但实践表明,非对称企业间的合作创新关系却大多难以长久维持,合作关系常因合作一方单方面违约而瓦解,近年来不乏研发联盟在合作一段时间后"突然"解散的例证。论文针对这一现实问题,运用进化博弈理论,在前人相关研究基础上,引入合作创新超额收益、违约额外收益、超额收益分配系数和违约成本等影响因素,构造不同产业或规模、实力不同的两家非对称企业合作创新的进化博弈模型,对合作创新策略做进化博弈分析,判断策略的进化稳定性,分析非对称企业间进行合作创新的策略选择。研究表明:如企业违约而获得的额外净收益大于继续合作创新所获得的超额收益,则企业策略选择将视对方策略选择概率而定,但合作创新终将因一方企业违约而终止;如企业违约而获得的额外净收益小于继续合作创新所获得的超额收益,则企业策略选择将不受对方策略选择影响,合作创新终会因双方企业遵守合作契约而得到维持。     

基于CA的企业战略选择的演化博弈分析

元胞自动机模拟技术为探索企业战略选择的演化问题开创了新途径.本文建立企业战略选择演化博弈的CA模型,在CA的状态转换规则中运用进化算法.最后进行了仿真实验,实验结果表明这个模型是有效的.     

企业海外R&D战略联盟的进化博弈分析

企业海外R&D战略联盟具有以竞争为基础的合作进化特征,运用进化博弈模型研究了企业海外R&D战略联盟的进化稳定策略,在此基础上分析影响合作进化的因素并得出结论,即不论对参加R&D战略联盟的单个企业还是联盟整体而言,对R&D资源实施有效整合都是一项重要的措施.最后,进行了相应的案例分析.     

产量-价格策略下的双寡头动态多维博弈

根据动态多维博弈理论,讨论了两个企业对具有一定替代性的两种产品的完全信息动态产量-价格二维博弈模型及其均衡,证明了两个企业关于无替代性的两种产品的产量-价格动态单独博弈模型是这种二维博弈模型的特例,并得到两个企业对每一种产品进行单独博弈的均衡策略劣于联合对两种产品进行二维博弈的均衡策略。结论表明,当两个企业对处于市场未饱和的一种产品产量策略和与其具有一定替代性的处于市场饱和的另一种产品价格策略同时进行二维博弈时,要充分考虑它们之间替代性,这样选择的产量和价格策略才是最优策略。     

上市公司违规问题的进化博弈分析

对上市公司之间的策略选择进行了进化博弈分析,根据各种参数赋值的差异判断演化博弈均衡的稳定性,再由博弈的稳定性剖析上市公司违规与守规的策略选择状况.对上市公司与监管部门的策略选择进行了演化博弈分析,根据监督方与被监督方的参数赋值差别判断其博弈的稳定性,再由博弈的稳定性剖析上市公司与监督方的策略选择状况.根据博弈分析的结论对预防上市公司违规给出了政策建议.     

用债务期限结构显示企业质量

本文建立了连续情形下企业债务期限结构选择的博弈模型.债务期限结构能够作为有关企业质量的信号发送给银行,分离均衡的结果表明高质量的企业将选择更高比例的短期债务作为信号以区别于低质量的企业.     

组织管理模式对企业成长性的影响实证研究

组织管理是企业构成的基本框架,组织管理模式的选择决定了企业能否有效运行.本文创新性地从定量角度研究组织管理模式对企业成长性的影响,将公司治理作为组织管理模式的代理变量,以沪深A股2000-2019年上市公司为研究对象,从股权结构、董事会结构、高管激励三个维度进行探究.结果 表明,过高的股权集中度会损害企业成长,但是董事会规模、独立董事所占比例、高管薪酬激励及高管持股均能显著促进企业成长.进一步地,能源企业因其在国民经济中的重要地位及企业组织管理模式的特殊性,文章将沪深A股上市的121家能源企业作为研究对象进行深入研究.发现股权集中度与高管薪酬激励的结论与整体一致.与其他企业不同的是,对于能源企业而言,董事会规模、独立董事所占比例及高管持股激励与企业成长性的关系并不显著.     

多主体参与下企业技术创新模式动态选择研究

多主体参与已经成为现代经济环境下企业创新活动的基本特征。为了明确各创新主体参对企业创新模式选择的影响。本文构建了一个包括供应商和顾客参与的创新模式选择博弈模型。对模型分析发现,根据企业选择的创新模式不同,可以形成三种竞争市场,采用演化博弈方法对模型均衡结果求解,得到以下结论:供应商和顾客参与能增加企业选择突破性技术创新模式的比重,减少选择渐进性技术创新比重,且这种影响随着市场中选择突破性技术创新比例增加而增加;当创新产品为价格弹性需求时,顾客参与更能促进突破性技术创新,当创新产品为价格非弹性需求时,供应商参与更能促进突破性技术创新,这与渐进性技术创新的结论截然相反。采用数值算例对结果进行分析,进一步验证了上述结论。本文的研究结论有助于揭示多主体参与对创新模式选择的影响,也对在多主体参与条件下,企业的创新资源配置这一创新的核心问题做出了一定的解释。     

Bertrand模型与超模博弈

将近年来博弈论中出现的一种新的研究方法--超模博弈理论应用于Bertrand寡头博弈中,对于具有一般成本函数的差异产品的Bertrand寡头博弈,当企业的策略只是选择价格水平时,比较了博弈为超模和对数超模博弈的充分条件,表明虽然一个对数超模博弈一定是拟超模的,因而较超模博弈的适用范围更广泛,但二者的充分条件之间不具备可比性,即不能由其中一个推出另外一个.同时既使该博弈既不是超模的也不是对数超模的,仍可能存在对利润函数的其它单调转换使博弈成为超模的.当边际生产成本为常数时,给出了具体的反例.当企业的策略为同时选择价格和广告水平,且企业的边际生产成本为常数时,表明在一般的假设下博弈为超模博弈,从而说明了为什么通常情况下较高的广告水平对应着较高的价格.     

Coalitions of Actors and Managerial Innovations in the Healthcare and Social Healthcare Sector

This paper studies the behavior of a variety of stakeholders around the adoption of managerial innovations desired by operational managers of health services institutions. We show that if the operational manager may cause the managerial innovation, the tool prospective is subject to power games around coalitions of actors. The study of several management situations in health services institutions enables us, using the game theory, to highlight the “winning”, “losing” and “uncertain” coalitions that can achieve operational management within the establishment to settle a managerial innovation.     

Die Kultur der Macht. Die Macht der Kultur

Acting in organizations is characterized by strategies of “Bemächtigung” (repression) just as “Ermächtigung” (empowerment): Everyone tries to push through its individual interests, legitimate or not. Thereby in every organization specific rules of game and stiles of play are developed. Altogether these rules constitute the specific organizational culture. In unfair games, strategies of repression are dominant. In fair games, all players try to realize over and over again a just balance of legitimate interests of all stakeholders. Supervision aims to strengthen “Spielmächtigkeit” (ability of play and game) so that its addressees are able to change unfair games into fair games. The know-how for this is here called “technology of empowerment”.     

Socially Responsible Practices: An Exploratory Study on Scale Development using Stakeholder Theory

Socially responsible practices of firms have evolved into an important area of research in operations management; however, it remains challenging to identify specific scales that capture multiple dimensions of such social practices. In this exploratory study, we use stakeholder theory to develop new multi‐item measurement scales linked to multiple groups (i.e., internal, supplier, customer, and community stakeholders). Furthermore, we empirically test a higher order multidimensional construct that collectively assesses the socially responsible practices of a firm. Using these stakeholder‐derived constructs as taxons in a cluster analysis, we identify important patterns in the way that multiple groups of stakeholders are engaged. Finally, we demonstrate that the set of social practices are complementary and concentrating on one group can yield spillover effects to other specific stakeholder groups.     

基于熵理论的建设项目参与者多目标协同群决策模型

建设项目参与者之间的协同决策是项目参与者协同管理的本质要求。目前,在建设过程中还存在工作效率低、超预算、超工期、安全事故时有发生等弊病,这些弊病的产生和建设项目参与者之间的缺乏合作、信任和有效的信息有密切关系。建设项目参与者协同管理的目的之一就是要协调业主、总承包商、分包商、供应商等建设项目参与者之间的决策,做到参与者的群(协同)决策,降低或消除上述弊病,提高项目建设绩效,协同决策还是避免建设项目参与者群决策的双边际效应、减少不确定性、提高决策理性的有效途径,是建设项目参与者协同管理的重要体现。本文使用熵理论中的熵权及相对熵,构建了建设项目参与者协同决策的多目标群决策模型。     

The services field: A cornucopia filled with potential management topics

A primary aim of management research is to develop knowledge about the management of organizations. Many countries’ long-trend shift towards a service economy and the concomitant increase in the number of service organizations have stimulated advancements in service management research. However, some blind spots remain. In this article, we focus on product market stakeholders and organizational stakeholders and discuss research questions (or blind spots) that map to different areas of management literature, especially those of service management literature. We believe that attaining answers to those research questions can yield important insights that have the potential to advance management research.     

Cognition and Behavior in Normal‐Form Games: An Experimental Study

This paper reports experiments designed to study strategic sophistication, the extent to which behavior in games reflects attempts to predict others’ decisions, taking their incentives into account. We study subjects’ initial responses to normal‐form games with various patterns of iterated dominance and unique pure‐strategy equilibria without dominance, using a computer interface that allowed them to search for hidden payoff information, while recording their searches. Monitoring subjects’ information searches along with their decisions allows us to better understand how their decisions are determined, and subjects’ deviations from the search patterns suggested by equilibrium analysis help to predict their deviations from equilibrium decisions.     

Funktionslogiken und Handlungsmuster des Organisierens und ihre ethischen Implikationen

In this article, organizing is understood as a playful enactment of working processes by the involved actors. These “games” are determined by four logics of function and emerge as three action patterns. The combination of these two parameters results in a typology of actors in organizing. Dramatological insights into processes of organizations are demonstrated in two examples. The text includes ethical implications how fair games can be played.     

Conditional Influence Diagrams in Risk Management

This paper introduces conditional influence diagrams into risk management. A contaminated-site cleanup involving two stakeholders is used as a hypothetical case study. The treatment choices must satisfy several conflicting objectives. Any decision made by one stakeholder will affect the choices of the other stakeholder. In building the influence diagrams for each of the stakeholders, the logical relationship of all relevant factors is determined and the values of these factors are analyzed. The influence diagram for each stakeholder is conditional on the options available to the other stakeholder. The influence diagrams are, then, used to evaluate the possible choices of each stakeholder based on decision options of the other stakeholder. These results are analyzed using game theory methods to gain insights useful to risk management and to demonstrate how mutual trust and cooperation can lead to decisions benefiting both stakeholders.     

Brand management: Unveiling the delusion of control

Mainstream brand management literature views brands as products or organisations carrying brand names and brand managers as being in control of brand-related actions and outcomes. By contrast, recent empirical research shows the substantial influence of stakeholders on brands. Together with brand management, stakeholders shape brands by participating in brand-related interaction. European brand research accordingly treats brands as ongoing and complex processes in constant flux. Nevertheless, literature suffers from a significant lack of theoretical underpinnings for understanding brands as complex processes; in this respect, building on European philosophy is a fruitful avenue. This paper introduces the metaphor of the rhizome and draws on European process philosophy to further develop an integrative processual understanding of brands. Brand management claiming control over brands as processes turns out to be a delusion.     

The Role of Stakeholders in Improving Management Practices of Urban Green Infrastructure in Southern Ethiopia

ABSTRACT

The study aims to examine the role of stakeholders in the management practices of urban green infrastructure (UGI) in Southern Ethiopia. Key informant interview, focus group discussion and household survey were used to collect data. Majority of the respondents confirmed that beautification, shading and cooling effects and storm water management are the main reasons to develop UGI. However, there is a significant variation in the participation of stakeholders in managing UGI. This is due to lack of awareness, policy and poor coordination. The study recommends an interconnected decision-making activity is needed to ensure the sustainable improvement of the urban environment.