Bootstrap方法与经典方法在区间估计中的比较

文章研究了Bootstrap方法计算正态分布和Poisson分布参数的置信区间,通过模拟计算,对Boot strap方法得到的置信区间与经典方法得到的置信区间进行了比较,提出了计算置信区间时的建议。     

概化理论方差分量置信区间估计方法的比较

概化理论又称为方差分量模型,其方差分量估计受限于抽样,不同的抽样样本估计的方差分量可能不一样.为了降低估计的误差,应该重视考察方差分量的变异量(如置信区间).Bootstrap方法是一种有放回的再抽样方法,可用于估计概化理论的方差分量置信区间.文章采用蒙特卡洛模拟技术,比较Bootstrap的PC和BCa方法估计概化理论方差分量置信区间的性能.结果发现:(1)与未校正的方法相比,校正的Bootstrap的PC和BCa方法估计概化理论的方差分量置信区间更为可靠;(2)校正的Bootstrap的BCa方法估计概化理论的方差分量置信区间,要优于校正的Bootstrap的PC方法.     

概化理论方差分量置信区间估计Bootstrap方法比较

使用Monte Carlo模拟技术生成多项分布数据,比较四种Bootstrap方法估计概化理论方差分量置信区间的性能,四种Bootstrap方法分别是Bootstrap-PC、Bootstrap-t、Bootstrap-BCa和Bootstrap-ABC方法.结果表明:(1)从整体上看,四种Bootstrap方法估计方差分量置信区间的包含率,校正的Bootstrap方法要优于未校正的Bootstrap方法;(2)校正的Bootstrap-PC和Bootstrap-t方法相当,校正的Bootstrap-BCa与Bootstrap-ABC方法相当,校正的Bootstrap-BCa和Bootstrap-ABC方法要优于校正的Bootstrap-PC和Bootstrap-t方法.     

基于Bootstrap方法的回归分析的比较

文章系统研究了基于Bootstrap方法的回归分析,给出了Bootstrap残差法与成对Bootstrap法的适用范围及区别,比较研究了参数区间估计的分位点法与加速偏差修正分位点方法(Be),BCa可使Bootstrap统计量近似枢轴化,保证Bootstrap效果,并且利用实例验证了理论分析,模拟结果显示,成对Bootstrap法比Bootstrap残差法稳定,置信区间短.     

相关差别指标的区间估计方法比较

在公共疾病控制领域,重大稀有疾病的发病率非常低,符合逆抽样特征,量化分析重大稀有疾病的发病率并对其特点进行分析,为了研究在带有群内相关条件下的整群抽样问题,通过β-二项分布抽样对比流行病学中相关差别指标的六种渐近置信区间的构造方法,综合考虑实际覆盖率与区间长度对各种方法的优劣及适用情况并对比分析。研究表明,Wald型置信区间与对数变换的置信区间对发病率的估计表现因参数而定,而Bootstrap类方法不稳定。本研究找出了不同区间估计方法的适用场合,认为应合理看待置信区间这种评估方法在流行病学中的实际应用。     

相关差别指标的区间估计方法比较

在公共疾病控制领域,重大稀有疾病的发病率非常低,符合逆抽样特征,量化分析重大稀有疾病的发病率并对其特点进行分析。为了研究在带有群内相关条件下的整群抽样问题,通过二项分布抽样对比流行病学中相关差别指标的六种渐近置信区间的构造方法研究,综合考虑实际覆盖率与区间长度对各种方法的优劣及适用情况做出对比分析。研究表明,Wald型置信区间与对数变换的置信区间对发病率的估计表现因参数而定,而Bootstrap类方法不稳定。本研究找出了不同区间估计方法的适用场合,应合理看待置信区间这种评估方法在流行病学中的实际应用。     

Bootstrap统计量的枢轴化与近似枢轴化

文章系统研究了Bootstrap统计量的枢轴化与近似枢轴化方法,比较BCa方法、学生化Bootstrap法、嵌套Bootstrap方法的优缺点,给出了它们的区别与联系,最后结合实例验证了前面结论.特别得出:方差稳定变换是良好枢轴化的基础,且BCa方法具有简单分位点法的变换保持性质,但是由于学生化Bootstrap置信区间的覆盖率对数据中的异常点比较敏感,没有分位点法的变换保持性质,故它的实际效果不一定好.     

Polya后验方法在有限总体抽样估计中的模拟研究

polya后验方法作为一种无信息贝叶斯估计方法,在有限总体抽样中,通过观测的样本,构造一系列的模拟总体,然后进行统计推断。通过统计模拟研究了polya后验方法估计的一些特点,并和Bootstrap方法进行比较。模拟结果显示:polya后验方法能够很好地估计总体的均值,随着样本量的增大,估计值与真值的差距越来越小。采用polya后验方法构造的置信区间区间长度较小,能够很好地覆盖真值。     

平均处理效果估计的Bootstrap置信区间确定方法

人们越来越关注经济现象中平均处理效果的估计.但在实际操作中,进行平均处理效果的无偏估计是比较困难的.因此引入了倾向度并通过最大似然估计的方法求出了倾向度的估计值,从而得出平均处理效果的数学期望.文章对协变量服从二点分布和多项分布的情形,讨论了它的平均处理效果估计并给出了其Bootstrap置信区间.     

单因子利率期限结构模型的实证检验

本文运用GMM方法对单因素利率期限结构模型进行了估计,考虑到设定的模型以及无论用哪种方法估计出来的参数值均不能完全描述利率的动态特征,我们在利率期限结构模型中加入残差项来反应不能由设定模型所描述的那部分信息;并首次运用Bootstrap方法对参数估计值的准确度进行了分析,发现两种方法得到的结果存在着显著性差异,置信区间没有公共部分,即参数的真值基本上不可能相同。     

Bootstrap confidence interval estimates of cpk: an introduction

The interpretation of C_pk:, a common measure of process capability and confidence limits for it, is based on the assumption that the process is normally distributed. The non-parametric but computer intensive method called Bootstrap is introduced and three Bootstrap confidence interval estimates for C^ are defined. An initial simulation of two processes (one normal and the other highly skewed) is presented and discussed     

Interval estimation for a binomial proportion: a bootstrap approach

This paper discusses the classic but still current problem of interval estimation of a binomial proportion. Bootstrap methods are presented for constructing such confidence intervals in a routine, automatic way. Three confidence intervals for a binomial proportion are compared and studied by means of a simulation study, namely: the Wald confidence interval, the Agresti–Coull interval and the bootstrap-t interval. A new confidence interval, the Agresti–Coull interval with bootstrap critical values, is also introduced and its good behaviour related to the average coverage probability is established by means of simulations.     

A program to calculate bootstrap confidence intervals for the process capability index Cpk

Franklin and Wasserman (1991) introduced the use of Bootstrap sampling procedures for deriving nonparametric confidence intervals for the process capability index, C_pk, which are applicable for instances when at least twenty data points are available. This represents a significant reduction in the usually recommended sample requirement of 100 observations (see Gunther 1989). To facilitate and encourage the use of these procedures. a FORTRAN program is provided for computation of confidence intervals for C_pk. Three methods are provided for this calculation including the standard method, the percentile confidence interval, and the biased - corrected percentile confidence interval.     

Linear Quantile Regression Based on EM Algorithm

This article aims to put forward a new method to solve the linear quantile regression problems based on EM algorithm using a location-scale mixture of the asymmetric Laplace error distribution. A closed form of the estimator of the unknown parameter vector β based on EM algorithm, is obtained. In addition, some simulations are conducted to illustrate the performance of the proposed method. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm performs well. Finally, the classical Engel data is fitted and the Bootstrap confidence intervals for estimators are provided.     

Random Weighting Estimation of Confidence Intervals for Quantiles

This paper presents a new random weighting method for confidence interval estimation for the sample ‐quantile. A theory is established to extend ordinary random weighting estimation from a non‐smoothed function to a smoothed function, such as a kernel function. Based on this theory, a confidence interval is derived using the concept of backward critical points. The resultant confidence interval has the same length as that derived by ordinary random weighting estimation, but is distribution‐free, and thus it is much more suitable for practical applications. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed random weighting method has higher accuracy than the Bootstrap method for confidence interval estimation.     

On Parameter Inference for Step-Stress Accelerated Life Test with Geometric Distribution

In this article, we present the parameter inference in step-stress accelerated life tests under the tampered failure rate model with geometric distribution. We deal with Type-II censoring scheme involved in experimental data, and provide the maximum likelihood estimate and confidence interval of the parameters of interest. With the help of the Monte-Carlo simulation technique, a comparison of precision of the confidence limits is demonstrated for our method, the Bootstrap method, and the large-sample based procedure. The application of two industrial real datasets shows the proposed method efficiency and feasibility.     

Confidence intervals centred on bootstrap smoothed estimators

Bootstrap smoothed (bagged) parameter estimators have been proposed as an improvement on estimators found after preliminary data‐based model selection. A result of Efron in 2014 is a very convenient and widely applicable formula for a delta method approximation to the standard deviation of the bootstrap smoothed estimator. This approximation provides an easily computed guide to the accuracy of this estimator. In addition, Efron considered a confidence interval centred on the bootstrap smoothed estimator, with width proportional to the estimate of this approximation to the standard deviation. We evaluate this confidence interval in the scenario of two nested linear regression models, the full model and a simpler model, and a preliminary test of the null hypothesis that the simpler model is correct. We derive computationally convenient expressions for the ideal bootstrap smoothed estimator and the coverage probability and expected length of this confidence interval. In terms of coverage probability, this confidence interval outperforms the post‐model‐selection confidence interval with the same nominal coverage and based on the same preliminary test. We also compare the performance of the confidence interval centred on the bootstrap smoothed estimator, in terms of expected length, to the usual confidence interval, with the same minimum coverage probability, based on the full model.