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1.
Christina M. Bertilone Suzanne P. McEvoy Dena Gower Nola Naylor June Doyle Val Swift-Otero 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(2):121-128
Background
Pregnancy, labour and neonatal health outcomes for Australian Aboriginal women and their infants are frequently worse than those of the general population. Provision of culturally competent services may reduce these differences by improving access to timely and regular antenatal care. In an effort to address these issues, the Aboriginal Maternity Group Practice Program commenced in south metropolitan Perth, Western Australia, in 2011. The program employed Aboriginal Grandmothers, Aboriginal Health Officers and midwives working in a partnership model with pre-existing maternity services in the area.Aim
To identify elements of the Aboriginal Maternity Group Practice Program that contributed to the provision of a culturally competent service.Methods
The Organisational Cultural Competence Assessment Tool was used to analyse qualitative data obtained from surveys of 16 program clients and 22 individuals from partner organisations, and interviews with 15 staff.Findings
The study found that the partnership model positively impacted on the level of culturally appropriate care provided by other health service staff, particularly in hospitals. Two-way learning was a feature. Providing transport, team home visits and employing Aboriginal staff improved access to care. Grandmothers successfully brought young pregnant women into the program through their community networks, and were able to positively influence healthy lifestyle behaviours for clients.Conclusion
Many elements of the Aboriginal Maternity Group Practice Program contributed to the provision of a culturally competent service. These features could be considered for inclusion in antenatal care models under development in other regions with culturally diverse populations. 相似文献2.
Yael Benyamini Maya Lila Molcho Uzi Dan Miri Gozlan Heidi Preis 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(5):424-430
Problem
Rates of medical interventions in childbirth have greatly increased in the Western world.Background
Women’s attitudes affect their birth choices.Aim
To assess women’s attitudes towards the medicalization of childbirth and their associations with women’s background as well as their fear of birth and planned and unplanned modes of birth.Methods
This longitudinal observational study included 836 parous woman recruited at women’s health centres and natural birth communities in Israel. All women filled in questionnaires about attitudes towards the medicalization of childbirth, fear of birth, and planned birth choices. Women at <28 weeks gestation when filling in the questionnaire were asked to fill in a second one at ～34 weeks. Phone follow-up was conducted ～6 weeks postpartum to assess actual mode of birth.Findings
Attitudes towards medicalization were more positive among younger and less educated women, those who emigrated from the former Soviet Union, and those with a more complicated obstetric background. Baseline attitudes did not differ by parity yet became less positive throughout pregnancy only for primiparae. More positive attitudes were related to greater fear of birth. The attitudes were significantly associated with planned birth choices and predicted emergency caesareans and instrumental births.Discussion
Women form attitudes towards the medicalization of childbirth which may still be open to change during the first pregnancy. More favourable attitudes are related to more medical modes of birth, planned and unplanned.Conclusion
Understanding women’s views of childbirth medicalization may be key to understanding their choices and how they affect labour and birth. 相似文献3.
Sandra Healy Eileen Humphreys Catriona Kennedy 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(5):367-375
Background
Maternity care is facing increasing intervention and iatrogenic morbidity rates. This can be attributed, in part, to higher-risk maternity populations, but also to a risk culture in which birth is increasingly seen as abnormal. Technology and intervention are used to prevent perceived implication in adverse outcomes and litigation.Question
Does midwives’ and obstetricians’ perception of risk affect care practices for normal birth and low-risk women in labour, taking into account different settings?Methods
The research methods are developed within a qualitative framework. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed thematically. A purposive sample of 25 midwives and obstetricians were recruited from three maternity settings in Ireland. This included obstetric-led hospitals, an alongside midwifery-led unit and the community.Findings
Midwifery is assuming a peripheral position with regard to normal birth as a progressive culture of risk and medicalisation affects the provision of maternity care. This is revealed in four themes; (1) professional autonomy and hierarchy in maternity care; (2) midwifery-led care as an undervalued and unsupported aspiration; (3) a shift in focus from striving for normality to risk management; and (4) viewing pregnancy through a ‘risk-lens’.Discussion
Factors connected to the increased medicalisation of birth contribute to the lack of midwifery responsibility for low-risk women and normal birth. Midwives are resigned to the current situation and as a profession are reluctant to take action.Conclusion
Improved models of care, distinct from medical jurisdiction, are required. Midwives must take responsibility for leading change as their professional identity is in jeopardy. 相似文献4.
5.
Helen L. McLachlan Touran Shafiei Della A. Forster 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(5):361-366
Background
Increasing breastfeeding rates is one way of improving the short and long term health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children (hereafter referred to as Aboriginal). Despite the benefits of breastfeeding and recommendations for strategies to increase breastfeeding among Aboriginal people, there is a lack of available population data.Aim
To use population-based data from Victoria, Australia to compare breastfeeding initiation for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women and to explore factors associated with breastfeeding initiation of Aboriginal women.Methods
Routinely collected infant feeding data obtained from the Victorian Perinatal Data Collection (VPDC) was used. The VPDC is a mandatory, population-based system where maternal and infant data on all Victorian births are collected.Findings
Compared with non-Aboriginal women, Aboriginal women were less likely to attempt to breastfeed their baby (87.2% vs 95.3%; p < 0.001); more likely to give formula in hospital (39.6% vs 30.6%; p < 0.001) and less likely to give the last feed prior to discharge exclusively from the breast (64.4% vs 75.0% p < 0.001). For Aboriginal women, factors associated with not initiating breastfeeding were being single, multiparous, smoking and length of stay. Infant factors were gestation less than 37 weeks and low birthweight (<2,500 g).Conclusion
In Victoria, breastfeeding initiation is lower for Aboriginal women compared with non-Aboriginal women. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of interventions that may increase breastfeeding for Aboriginal women. 相似文献6.
Sandy M. Zgheib Mohammad Kacim Karel Kostev 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(6):e265-e271
Background
During the last decades, there has been an alarming and dramatic increase in the number of cesarean births in both developed and undeveloped countries. This increase has not been clinically justified but, nevertheless, has raised an important number of issues.Aim
The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with the high cesarean section rates in Lebanon.Methods
This study is based on a sample of 29,270 Lebanese women who were pregnant between 2000 and 2015. Among these, 14,327 gave birth by cesarean section and 14,943 gave birth vaginally. To identify the risk factors of cesarean section, logistic regression was applied as a statistical method using the SPSS statistical package.Findings
Of the 29,270 pregnant women included in the study, 49% had cesarean sections while 51% gave birth vaginally. Repeat cesarean section accounted for 23% while vaginal birth after cesarean accounted for only 0.2% of deliveries. In addition, weekdays were associated with a preference of providers to carry out more cesarean sections. According to an analysis of our data using logistic regression, the risk factors associated with the increase in cesarean section rates were advanced maternal age, elective cesarean section, malpresentation of fetus, multiple birth, prolonged pregnancy, prolonged labor, and fetal distress.Conclusion
Based on these results, it is recommended that a new health policy be implemented to reduce the number of unnecessary cesarean deliveries in Lebanon. 相似文献7.
8.
Megan Cooper Helen McCutcheon Jane Warland 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(5):431-441
Background
Accessibility of water immersion for labour and/or birth is often dependent on the care provider and also the policies/guidelines that underpin practice. With little high quality research about the safety and practicality of water immersion, particularly for birth, policies/guidelines informing the practice may lack the evidence necessary to ensure practitioner confidence surrounding the option thereby limiting accessibility and women’s autonomy.Aim
The aims of the study were to determine how water immersion policies and/or guidelines are informed, who interprets the evidence to inform policies/guidelines and to what extent the policy/guideline facilitates the option for labour and birth.Method
Phase one of a three-phase mixed-methods study critically analysed 25 Australian water immersion policies/guidelines using critical discourse analysis.Findings
Policies/guidelines pertaining to the practice of water immersion reflect subjective opinions and views of the current literature base in favour of the risk-focused obstetric and biomedical discursive practices. Written with hegemonic influence, policies and guidelines impact on the autonomy of both women and practitioners.Conclusion
Policies and guidelines pertaining to water immersion, particularly for birth reflect opinion and varied interpretations of the current literature base. A degree of hegemonic influence was noted prompting recommendations for future maternity care policy and guidelines’.Ethical considerations
The Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of South Australia approved the research. 相似文献9.
Ingegerd Hildingsson Helen Haines Annika Karlström Astrid Nystedt 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(5):e242-e247
Background
The prevalence of fear of birth has been estimated between 8–30%, but there is considerable heterogeneity in research design, definitions, measurement tools used and populations. There are some inconclusive findings about the stability of childbirth fear.Aim
to assess the prevalence and characteristics of women presenting with scores ≥60 on FOBS-The Fear of Birth Scale, in mid and late pregnancy, and to study change in fear of birth and associated factors.Methods
A prospective longitudinal cohort study of a one-year cohort of 1212 pregnant women from a northern part of Sweden, recruited in mid pregnancy and followed up in late pregnancy. Fear of birth was assessed using FOBS-The fear of birth scale, with the cut off at ≥60.Findings
The prevalence of fear of birth was 22% in mid pregnancy and 19% in late pregnancy, a statistically significant decrease. Different patterns were found where some women presented with increased fear and some with decreased fear. The women who experienced more fear or less fear later in pregnancy could not be differentiated by background factors.Conclusions
More research is needed to explore factors important to reduce fear of childbirth and the optimal time to measure it. 相似文献10.
11.
Colin R. Martin Caroline J. Hollins Martin Ekaterina Burduli Celestina Barbosa-Leiker Colleen Donovan-Batson Susan E. Fleming 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(4):e172-e178
Background
The 10-item Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) is being increasingly used internationally. The use of the measure and the concept has gathered traction in the United States following the development of a US version of the tool. A limitation of previous studies of the measurement characteristics of the BSS-R is modest sample size. Unplanned pregnancy is recognised as being associated with a range of negative birth outcomes, but the relationship to birth satisfaction has received little attention, despite the importance of birth satisfaction to a range of postnatal outcomes.Aim
The current investigation sought to evaluate the measurement characteristics of the BSS-R in a large postpartum sample.Methods
Multiple Groups Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA) was used to evaluate a series of measurement and structural models of the BSS-R to evaluate fundamental invariance characteristics using planned/unplanned pregnancy status to differentiate groups.Findings
Complete data from N = 2116 women revealed that the US version of the BSS-R offers an excellent fit to data and demonstrates full measurement and structural invariance. Little difference was observed between women on the basis of planned/unplanned pregnancy stratification on measures of birth satisfaction.Discussion
The established relationship between unplanned pregnancy and negative perinatal outcomes was not found to extend to birth satisfaction in the current study. The BSS-R demonstrated exemplary measurement and structural invariance characteristics.Conclusion
The current study strongly supports the use of the US version of the BSS-R to compare birth satisfaction across different groups of women with theoretical and measurement confidence. 相似文献12.
Cath Rogers Laurence Lepherd Rahul Ganguly Sebastian Jacob-Rogers 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(2):e89-e95
Problem
Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is an increasingly commonly diagnosed disability. People with ASD commonly report challenges in social interaction and a heightened sensory perception. These challenges may be particularly difficult for women during pregnancy, birthing and beyond.Background
Very little is known about the experiences and needs of birthing women who have ASD. There is a large body of literature about women who have autistic children, but almost nothing about women who may have this disability themselves. Internet blogs provide some insights and suggest that birthing women with ASD may have particular challenges related to communication, decision making and sensory overload.Question
This study explores the particular issues and experiences of birthing women who have ASD, through pregnancy, birth and early mothering.Method
This qualitative research used a case study approach, with in-depth interviewing and email exchange providing the data for the study. This data was verified, transcribed and analysed thematically.Findings
The findings of this case study identified three key issues: communication and service difficulties; sensory stress and parenting challenges.Discussion and conclusion
Findings suggest that women with ASD may face particular challenges during pregnancy, birthing and early mothering. These challenges evolve from perceptions of the woman about her midwives and other caregivers. If a woman perceives that her midwife is judgemental about her, then she may withdraw from the care and support she and her baby need. 相似文献13.
Catherine Adams Angela Dawson Maralyn Foureur 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(2):107-113
Objective
To identify the predominant culture of an organisation which could then assess readiness for change.Design
An exploratory design using the Competing Values Framework (CVF) as a self-administered survey tool.Setting
The Maternity Unit in one Australian metropolitan tertiary referral hospital.Subjects
All 120 clinicians (100 midwives and 20 obstetricians) employed in the maternity service were invited to participate; 26% responded.Main outcome measure
The identification of the predominant culture of an organisation to assess readiness for change prior to the implementation of a new policy.Results
The predominant culture of this maternity unit, as described by those who responded to the survey, was one of hierarchy with a focus on rules and regulations and less focus on innovation, flexibility and teamwork. These results suggest that this unit did not have readiness to change.Conclusion
There is value in undertaking preparatory work to gain a better understanding of the characteristics of an organisation prior to designing and implementing change. This understanding can influence additional preliminary work that may be required to increase the readiness for change and therefore increase the opportunity for successful change. The CVF is a useful tool to identify the predominant culture and characteristics of an organisation that could influence the success of change. 相似文献14.
Diana Jefferies Debbie Horsfall Virginia Schmied 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(1):e24-e31
Problem
Often, there is a sense of shock and disbelief when a mother murders her child.Background
Yet, literary texts (plays, poems and novels) contain depictions of women experiencing mental illness or feelings of desperation after childbirth who murder their children.Aim
To further understand why a woman may harm her child we examine seven literary texts ranging in time and place from fifth century BCE Greece to twenty-first century Australia.Methods
A textual analysis approach examined how the author positioned the woman in the text, how other characters in the text reacted to the woman before, during, and after the mental illness or infanticide, and how the literary or historical critical literature sees the woman.Findings
Three important points about the woman's experience were revealed: she is represented as morally ambiguous and becomes marginalised and isolated; she is depicted as murdering or abandoning her child because she is experiencing mental illness and/or she is living in desperate circumstances; and she believes there is no other option.Conclusion
Literary texts can shed light on socio-psychological struggles women experience and can be used to stimulate discussion by healthcare professionals about the development of preventative or early intervention strategies to identify women at risk. 相似文献15.
Angela L. Todd Lillian Y. Zhang Amina Z. Khambalia Christine L. Roberts 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(2):e78-e82
Background
Estimated date of birth (EDB) is used to guide the care provided to women during pregnancy and birth, although its imprecision is recognised. Alternatives to the EDB have been suggested for use with women however their attitudes to timing of birth information have not been examined.Aims
To explore women’s expectations of giving birth on or near their EDB, and their attitudes to alternative estimates for timing of birth.Methods
A survey of pregnant women attending four public hospitals in Sydney, Australia, between July and December 2012.Results
Among 769 surveyed women, 42% expected to birth before their due date, 16% after the due date, 15% within a day or so of the due date, and 27% had no expectations. Nulliparous women were more likely to expect to give birth before their due date. Women in the earlier stages of pregnancy were more likely to have no expectations or to expect to birth before the EDB while women in later pregnancy were more likely to expect birth after their due date. For timing of birth information, only 30% of women preferred an EDB; the remainder favoured other options.Conclusions
Most women understood the EDB is imprecise. The majority of women expressed a preference for timing of birth information in a format other than an EDB. In support of woman-centred care, clinicians should consider discussing other options for estimated timing of birth information with the women in their care. 相似文献16.
Mandie Scamell Roa Altaweli Christine McCourt 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(1):e39-e45
Background
The expansion of the medicalisation of childbirth has been described in the literature as being a global phenomenon. The vignette described in this paper, selected from an ethnographic study of routine intervention in Saudi Arabian hospitals illustrates how the worldwide spread of the bio-medical model does not take place within a cultural vacuum.Aim
To illuminate the ways in which the medicalisation of birth may be understood and practised in different cultural settings, through a vignette of a specific birth, drawn as a typical case from an ethnographic study that investigated clinical decision-making in the second stage of labour in Saudi Arabia.Methods
Ethnographic data collection methods, including participant observation and interviews. The data presented in this paper are drawn from ethnographic field notes collected during field work in Saudi Arabia, and informed by analysis of a wider set of field notes and interviews with professionals working in this context.Findings
While the medicalisation of care is a universal phenomenon, the ways in which the care of women is managed using routine medical intervention are framed by the local cultural context in which these practices take place.Discussion
The ethnographic data presented in this paper shows the medicalisation of birth thesis to be incomplete. The evidence presented in this paper illustrates how local belief systems are not so much subsumed by the expansion of the bio-medical model of childbirth, rather they may actively facilitate a process of localised reinterpretation of such universalised and standardised practices. In this case, aspects of the social and cultural context of Jeddah operates to intensify the biomedical model at the expense of respectful maternity care.Conclusion
In this article, field note data on the birth of one Saudi Arabian woman is used as an illustration of how the medicalisation of childbirth has been appropriated and reinterpreted in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 相似文献17.
Julia Leinweber Debra K. Creedy Heather Rowe Jenny Gamble 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(1):40-45
Background
Midwives frequently witness traumatic birth events. Little is known about responses to birth trauma and prevalence of posttraumatic stress among Australian midwives.Aim
To assess exposure to different types of birth trauma, peritraumatic reactions and prevalence of posttraumatic stress.Methods
Members of the Australian College of Midwives completed an online survey. A standardised measure assessed posttraumatic stress symptoms.Findings
More than two-thirds of midwives (67.2%) reported having witnessed a traumatic birth event that included interpersonal care-related trauma features. Midwives recalled strong emotions during or shortly after witnessing the traumatic birth event, such as feelings of horror (74.8%) and guilt (65.3%) about what happened to the woman. Midwives who witnessed birth trauma that included care-related features were significantly more likely to recall peritraumatic distress including feelings of horror (OR = 3.89, 95% CI [2.71, 5.59]) and guilt (OR = 1.90, 95% CI [1.36, 2.65]) than midwives who witnessed non-interpersonal birth trauma. 17% of midwives met criteria for probable posttraumatic stress disorder (95% CI [14.2, 20.0]). Witnessing abusive care was associated with more severe posttraumatic stress than other types of trauma.Discussion
Witnessing care-related birth trauma was common. Midwives experience strong emotional reactions in response to witnessing birth trauma, in particular, care-related birth trauma. Almost one-fifth of midwives met criteria for probable posttraumatic stress disorder.Conclusion
Midwives carry a high psychological burden related to witnessing birth trauma. Posttraumatic stress should be acknowledged as an occupational stress for midwives. The incidence of traumatic birth events experienced by women and witnessed by midwives needs to be reduced. 相似文献18.
Patricia M. Corcoran Christine Catling Caroline S.E. Homer 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(1):77-86
Issue
Indigenous women in many countries experience a lack of access to culturally appropriate midwifery services. A number of models of care have been established to provide services to women. Research has examined some services, but there has not been a synthesis of qualitative studies of the models of care to help guide practice development and innovations.Aim
To undertake a review of qualitative studies of midwifery models of care for Indigenous women and babies evaluating the different types of services available and the experiences of women and midwives.Methods
A meta-synthesis was undertaken to examine all relevant qualitative studies. The literature search was limited to English-language published literature from 2000–2014. Nine qualitative studies met the inclusion criteria and literature appraisal – six from Australia and three from Canada. These articles were analysed for coding and theme development.Findings
The major themes were valuing continuity of care, managing structural issues, having negative experiences with mainstream services and recognising success.Discussion
The most positive experiences for women were found with the services that provided continuity of care, had strong community links and were controlled by Indigenous communities. Overall, the experience of the midwifery services for Indigenous women was valuable. Despite this, there were still barriers preventing the provision of intrapartum midwifery care in remote areas.Conclusion
The expansion of midwifery models of care for Indigenous women and babies could be beneficial in order to improve cultural safety, experiences and outcomes in relation to pregnancy and birth. 相似文献19.
José-Matías Triviño-Juárez Dulce Romero-Ayuso Beatriz Nieto-Pereda Maria-João Forjaz Juan-José Criado-Álvarez Begoña Arruti-Sevilla Beatriz Avilés-Gamez Cristina Oliver-Barrecheguren Sonia Mellizo-Díaz Consuelo Soto-Lucía Rosa Plá-Mestre 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(1):29-39
Background
Health-related quality of life of women in the postpartum period may depend on the mode of birth. However, previous findings are contradictory.Aim
To explore health-related quality of life of women at the sixth week and sixth month postpartum by mode of birth.Methods
We performed a longitudinal prospective study in Spain that included 546 healthy primiparae aged 18 to 45 years who gave birth to a healthy newborn. At the sixth week and sixth month postpartum, we analysed sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and compared health-related quality of life (measured using the SF-36) by mode of birth (normal vaginal, forceps, vacuum-extraction, elective caesarean section, emergency caesarean section). In addition, we analysed the change in health-related quality of life between the two time points for each mode of birth.Findings
We did not find differences in health-related quality of life by mode of birth at the sixth week or sixth month postpartum. At the sixth week postpartum, regardless of the mode of birth, women with postpartum urinary incontinence reported lower health-related quality of life. Between the sixth week and sixth month postpartum, health-related quality of life improved for all modes of birth.Conclusion
While mode of birth is not directly associated with health-related quality of life, it does have an indirect relationship in the short term. Women who reported the lowest health-related quality of life were those with postpartum urinary incontinence. Most women with postpartum urinary incontinence were in the forceps group. 相似文献20.
Christina Nilsson Joan Lalor Cecily Begley Margaret Carroll Mechthild M. Gross Susanne Grylka-Baeschlin Ingela Lundgren Andrea Matterne Sandra Morano Jane Nicoletti Patricia Healy 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(6):481-490