顾客心理授权的多层次模型分析:基于控制欲的调节作用

许多学者的研究结果都表明,优质服务是决定顾客满意度的最重要因素之一.但这些学者的研究往往将员工的服务质量与顾客的满意感当做单一层次变量处理.在深入文献研究的基础上,本文提出了一个包括顾客心理授权在内的员工服务质量与顾客满意感关系的新模型,并采用多层次模型分析方法,着重分析了控制欲对顾客心理授权与顾客满意感的调节效应.数据分析结果表明,员工的服务质量并不直接影响顾客满意度,而是通过顾客心理授权对顾客满意度产生间接作用,也就是说,顾客心理授权是服务质量对顾客满意感影响的中介.此外,顾客的控制欲正向调节心理授权对满意感的影响作用.即企业只有授权给控制欲强的顾客,才能显著提高顾客满意度.本文研究结果进一步深化了关于满意度的研究,丰富了营销学界对顾客授权理论的研究,对服务性企业采取针对顾客的授权措施,提高顾客满意程度有一定的实践指导意义.     

文化背景对顾客感知服务质量的影响

顾客满意度和服务质量是决定企业占有市场份额和获取利润的两个重要因素。顾客对服务质量的感知与期望的比较,决定他们是否满意。当顾客感知服务质量超出期望时,他们满意甚至惊喜;反之,当他们感知服务质量低于期望时,则会不满意。而顾客对感知服务质量的评估会受其文化背景所决定的价值观和思维方式的影响,文化是他们评估感知服务质量的过滤镜。     

顾客关系、信任与顾客对服务失败的反应

优异的服务质量是建立长期顾客关系的重要手段。本文通过实际调查,分析了服务质量的两个维度--结果质量和过程质量对顾客满意度和重购意愿的影响,并探讨了顾客关系和信任感在服务评价和顾客反应方面的作用。研究发现,服务过程和服务结果间存在交互作用,顾客关系对服务质量的影响发挥着调节功能,信任感经由服务结果而影响顾客的反应。     

考虑不确定性影响的银行服务质量评价

本文研究了不确定性对服务质量评价的影响,建立了服务质量评价的均值—方差模型,并进行了实证分析和检验。这一模型被应用来对我国主要商业银行的服务质量和顾客满意度进行排序分析,其结果显示银行服务质量的提高应该从服务的平均水平和一致性两个方面来努力。     

基于顾客的饭店品牌价值影响因素的实证研究

本研究在对基于顾客的饭店品牌价值影响因素进行分析的基础上,探讨了饭店企业中服务质量对品牌表现的作用影响,分析了品牌认知如何与服务质量共同作用于顾客满意度和忠诚度。研究的主要结论为:在服务质量对品牌满意的作用和影响上,品牌认知与服务质量存在着显著的交互作用,品牌态度的强弱影响了服务质量与顾客满意度的关系。     

网络企业服务质量的测量及其影响的实证研究

学术界对电子服务质量理论的研究仍处于起步阶段,对网络企业是否可采用传统的服务质量属性模型计量顾客感知的电子服务质量还未达成共识.在文献研究的基础上,对旅行社网站的服务质量属性进行实证研究,并探讨网络企业服务质量对顾客感知的信任感、满意感和意向性忠诚感的影响.数据分析结果表明,传统服务质量属性模型SERVQUAL对网络企业也是适用的,不同服务质量属性对网络企业顾客感知的信任感、满意感和意向性忠诚感有不同的影响.     

服务质量评价特征及服务补救策略

从一个较新的视角透视、分析了服务质量及其评价标准特征,即顾客感知的服务质量和顾客满意度.顾客感知的服务质量包括两个方面,即产出的技术质量和过程的职能质量;服务质量等价于顾客满意度.然后基于对服务质量的新评价思想,提出实施服务补救策略是提升服务质量必然选择的策略以及服务补救策略实施的具体运作技术.     

顾客个人价值嵌入的顾客满意度指数扩展模型

本文尝试将反映消费终极目的的顾客个人价值概念引入顾客满意度指数模型,提出了嵌入顾客个人价值的顾客满意度指数扩展模型。基于餐饮业和移动通讯业样本进行实证研究,结果表明所提出的扩展模型得到验证,顾客个人价值对顾客满意具有显著的影响,感知服务质量和感知顾客价值是顾客个人价值的决定因素。本研究深化了对顾客满意形成机理的认识,为服务企业评价满足消费者需求能力和经济产出质量的指标提供了理论根据。     

网络购物顾客满意度影响因素的实证研究

基于预期不确认理论和服务质量衡量理论,建立了一个购物网站服务质量、顾客期望与网络顾客满意度之间关系的结构模型.将购物网站服务质量分为8个维度,分别是网站设计特色、网络安全性、网络互动性、顾客化服务、产品质量保证、便利性、价格优势和操作难易度,并以当前网络购物主体之一的在校大学生为调查样本对模型进行实证检验.实证研究结果支持这一理论模型和大多数假设,并表明消费者感知的购物网站服务质量和顾客自身对网站的期望共同决定其对购物网站的满意度,网站设计特色对网络顾客满意度并没有显著的正向影响,网络安全性、价格优势和产品质量保证是影响网络顾客满意度最为重要的因素.     

基于物流服务的消费者在线购买后行为实证分析

基于在线购物消费者的视角,研究物流服务质量对其购买后行为的影响,以探究影响消费者行为的关键物流因素。采用结构方程模型对物流服务质量各维度对购物满意度、顾客抱怨及重购意向的影响进行了检验。结果表明交付服务质量和人员服务质量对顾客购物满意度和顾客抱怨均有显著影响,信息服务质量和服务规范性仅对顾客满意度具有积极作用,而顾客满意度和抱怨分别对重购意向具有显著的正面和负面影响。     

服务质量决定要因顾客满足和行动意图的影响--在中国服务产业的应用

为维持现有顾客和创造新顾客,服务企业必须知道怎样实施服务质量战略来增加顾客满足和行动意图,因为服务质量、顾客满足和顾客行动意图之间存在着因果关系.本研究把整体服务质量分解为相互作用质量、物理环境质量、结果质量三个决定要因,并对服务质量决定要因对顾客满足和行动意图的影响进行了研究,实证检验在中国服务产业中进行.对研究模型的验证结果支持本研究提出的所有因果假设,即构成整体服务质量的三个决定要因对顾客满足具有显著的正向影响,顾客满足对行动意图具有显著的正向影响.而且,对于中国顾客来说,服务质量决定要因对顾客满足的相对影响力依次为"结果质量"＞"相互作用质量"＞"物理环境质量".     

基于区间数证据推理方法的用户满意度调查

目前,加权平均法是一种比较常见的满意度调查结果的汇总方法,但是这种方法的前提条件是决策者的偏好结构满足加性独立条件,否则需要采用非线性综合方法。本文旨在考虑决策者偏好不满足加性独立条件下,将用户满意度抽样调查过程中产生的置信度和置信区间与调查问卷中的用户不确定的评价结果统一进行考虑,并采用mass函数值为区间数的证据推理方法分析基于抽样调查得到的以置信区间表示的用户满意度调查的结果综合问题。最后以某网络信息中心用户满意度调查为例展开实证分析。     

A Comparative Analysis of Quality Practice in Manufacturing Firms in the U.S. and Taiwan*

The aim of this paper is to determine if there is a causal relationship between multivariate constructs for quality (i.e., customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction, and employee service quality) and organizational performance. The presence of such relationships, as well as the identification of key indicators within each quality construct for different types of firms, are explored in this empirical study on the perceptions of middle managers in Taiwan and the United States. The study found a significant causal relationship between the quality constructs and organizational performance. These relationships are different, however, for the four types of firms based on age and size. Also, within the same firm types, there are differences among countries. For example, for older firms, Taiwanese managers tend to perceive customer satisfaction as the most important quality construct in improving organizational performance, while U.S. managers tend to perceive employee satisfaction as the most important. For younger firms, U.S. managers perceive customer satisfaction as influencing organizational performance, while Taiwanese managers perceive both customer satisfaction and employee satisfaction as doing so. A further breakdown of the quality constructs identified the key indicators within each construct that separates “better performers'’from “lesser performers'’in both countries for the four types of firms. These indicators are dissimilar, thus suggesting that focus on quality constructs may lead to improvements in organizational performance by focusing on different indicators in different environments. These results have implications for the adoption and implementation of quality practices in different countries.     

An Exploratory Study of the Impact of e‐Service Process on Online Customer Satisfaction

Although extensive academic research has examined the dynamics of interpersonal interactions between service providers and customers, much less research has investigated customer service encounters through technological interfaces such as the Web in electronic commerce transactions. Corporate websites have become an important point of contact with customers for many companies. Service has been described as one of the most important attributes for online business to influence traffic and sales. However, more research is needed to understand how Web‐based technological capabilities of services affect customer satisfaction. In this paper, we propose viewing the interface between online buyers and sellers through the lens of service management to identify possible determinants of online customer satisfaction. A company's website is considered its electronic service delivery system. We look at this electronic service delivery system from its process point of view. Our findings indicate that as the electronic service delivery system process improves, a customer's perception of the website's ease of use increases, leading to increased service value and perceived control over the process, which increases customer satisfaction. The research provides evidence that the technological capabilities embedded in the website processes are an important factor in determining service quality and ultimately online customer satisfaction.     

Waiting: integrating social and psychological perspectives in operations management

Waiting time is an important issue in service operations management because of its impact on customer satisfaction and operations capabilities. This paper examines waiting time from a social and psychological perspective. It provides a conceptual framework which identifies social and psychological factors that affect perceptions of waiting. The conceptual framework enables service managers to rethink operational issues, such as layout design, process choices, and service delivery from customers’ perceptions of waiting. Assimilation–contrast theory suggests that perceived waiting time be linked to expected waiting time and its gap leads to customers’ overall evaluation of service. A customer’s willingness to accept delay is related to the causes for delay as explained by attribution theory. Approaching waiting time from a stress management theory, this paper provides service managers with various stress-reduction mechanisms such as giving customers advance notice of expected waiting time, speeding up pre-process waiting time, and acknowledging customers’ rights to quick service. These practical suggestions can aid service managers in reducing perceived waiting time, enhancing customers’ waiting experience, and improving queue management.     

顾客消费情感对顾客满意感的影响

作者在广州某高校内的餐厅进行了一次实证研究,探讨顾客感觉中的服务质量、顾客情感和顾客满意感之间的关系。数据分析结果表明,顾客感觉中的软质量直接影响顾客餐后的正面情感,而顾客餐后的正面情感直接影响顾客满意感;顾客对软、硬质量的期望与服务实绩之差对顾客餐后的正面情感、顾客满意感都有显著的直接影响,顾客对软质量的期望与服务实绩之差对顾客餐后的负面情感也有显著的直接影响。此外,顾客餐前的情绪也会影响顾客餐后的情感和顾客对自己就餐经历的评估。     

An Information‐Processing Approach for Evaluating In‐Store Retail Operational Design Strategies

We develop a model to evaluate retail store operational design strategies using an information‐processing perspective of organizational design. We propose that three model constructs pertaining to in‐store shopper task uncertainty—the product mix complexity, the service production complexity, and the product mix changeover—create shopper encounter information requirements (IR). These requirements can be met using specific retail service operational design choices for managing shopper encounters, namely, designing layouts for self‐service (SS) and providing employees with task empowerment (TE). The model is then operationalized using a two‐stage approach to develop new multi‐item, measurement scales. The psychometric properties and predictive validity of the scales and model are then confirmed by using structural equation modeling with survey data from 175 merchandise retail store managers. We find that our model can be generically applied across the retail industry to understand how shopper encounter IR motivate retailer store design choices and can be used to determine whether to design stores for SS or to provide store employees with TE. We then evaluate the efficacy of the studied store design choices on customer delivery satisfaction, and offer some suggestions for future research.     

企业内部服务质量、关系质量对内部顾客忠诚的影响机制:基于内部营销视角的实证研究

本文基于内部营销视角,揭示内部服务质量的各个组成因素之间的关系以及内部服务质量对关系质量的影响,进而探索内部服务质量、关系质量对内部顾客忠诚的影响机制。通过对某电信企业内部238份员工样本的采集分析,提出并验证内部服务质量(含实体环境质量、交互质量和结果质量)、关系质量(含内部顾客信任、满意)对内部顾客忠诚的影响机制整合模型。研究发现,内部服务质量的三个维度之间确实存在层级叠加作用,而服务质量则会通过信任这一中介变量影响内部顾客的满意、承诺。内部关系质量的三因素中,内部顾客的承诺水平对内部顾客的忠诚度有直接正向影响,提高对内部顾客的承诺水平是提高内部顾客忠诚度的关键。     

Customer satisfaction: Cost driver or value driver? Empirical evidence from the financial services industry

We investigate the relation between customer satisfaction, customer servicing costs, and customer value in a financial services firm. We find that customer satisfaction is positively associated with future customer servicing costs, as well as with customer value. The relation between customer satisfaction and customer value appears non-linear; higher customer satisfaction appears to have a higher return for the most profitable customer segments. Our findings indicate that customer satisfaction is a value driver; however, customer satisfaction is not cost-free and managers have to consider the costs, as well as the benefits, of increasing customer satisfaction.