沙特人口、劳力结构和就业状况

由于沙特生活水平的不断提高，人口、寿命与城市化也随之大幅上升，外籍劳动力大量涌入，给公益服务及住房等带来巨大压力。为此沙特政府正在采取有力措施，逐渐实现劳动力的沙特化，以取代外籍劳动力。     

沙特的瓦哈比主义

瓦哈比主义是300年前由穆罕默德·本·阿卜杜·瓦哈卜谢赫创立的一种伊斯兰法学主张和理论。德尔伊亚埃米尔穆罕默德·本·沙特和阿卜杜·瓦哈卜谢赫建立政教联盟后,积极开展了旨在伊斯兰教改良的瓦哈比运动,最终导致了沙特阿拉伯王国的建立和发展。在现代沙特的社会发展中,瓦哈比主义为保持沙特政教合一的伊斯兰君主制,维护沙特王室的政治地位发挥了重要作用。沙特的瓦哈比主义决不是任何意义上的恐怖主义。     

沙特的瓦哈比主义

瓦哈比主义是300年前由穆罕默德·本·阿卜杜·瓦哈卜谢赫创立的一种伊斯兰法学主张和理论.德尔伊亚埃米尔穆罕默德·本·沙特和阿卜杜·瓦哈卜谢赫建立政教联盟后,积极开展了旨在伊斯兰教改良的瓦哈比运动,最终导致了沙特阿拉伯王国的建立和发展.在现代沙特的社会发展中,瓦哈比主义为保持沙特政教合一的伊斯兰君主制,维护沙特王室的政治地位发挥了重要作用.沙特的瓦哈比主义决不是任何意义上的恐怖主义.     

沙特阿拉伯的军火贸易

沙特的年均军费开支约占全国总支出的1/3,是全球首屈一指的军火进口大国,其武器进口量占中东地区的50%以上.1987～1990年,沙特军火交易额高达457亿美元.在国际石油市场低迷的1994～1997年,沙特军火交易额为141亿美元.沙特的军工生产尚未形成体系,存在两大不足:一是军火长期依赖进口,对自行生产缺少一个完整、清晰的长远发展战略,限制了对本国军工业的投资;二是国内缺少研究与开发人员,制约了军工业的发展.在今后相当一段时期内,沙特作为国际军火贸易主要进口国的状况还不会改变,它仍将是国际军火商追逐的目标.     

沙特地方行政体制及其发展

沙特地方行政体制的发展是沙特政治现代化的成就和经验之一,但前人对此问题的研究似乎尚显薄弱.在现代沙特地方行政体制发展中,历任国王发挥了重要作用.目前,尽管沙特地方行政体制中还存在一些问题,但它在沙特现代化进程中一直发挥着重要作用.     

沙特地方行政体制及其发展

沙特地方行政体制的发展是沙特政治现代化的成就和经验之一，但前人对此问题的研究似乎尚显薄弱。在现代沙特地方行政体制发展中，历任国王发挥了重要作用。目前，尽管沙特地方行政体制中还存在一些问题，但它在沙特现代化进程中一直发挥着重要作用。     

沙特现状一瞥

一、政局基本稳定 沙特是政教合一的君主制国家,自1932年建国以来,一直维持着现行的统治秩序和家族权力的连续性,国内局势长期保持稳定.近年来,法赫德国王因年迈体弱,已逐步将权力移交给了王储、副首相兼国民卫队司令阿卜杜拉.     

Managing urban growth and development in the Riyadh metropolitan area, Saudi Arabia

The paper examines public sector management of urban growth and development in the Riyadh Metropolitan Area, Saudi Arabia. The focus of the paper is on institutional capacity building and development intervention. The paper traces changes in public sector management structures and development activities over the history of the city with the aim of assessing development impact and identifying forces that have shaped the evolving state of urban management. The paper notes that urban management has significantly improved with time but the persistence of urban problems coupled with projections of future growth point to the need for further improvements. The paper, in conclusion, while acknowledging the utility of the metropolitan development strategy (MEDSTAR) being formulated for the city, points to the need for broader administrative reform to improve the ability to cope with long-term challenges of growth in the city. Some issues that reform could address are suggested.     

Urban growth boundary policy and residential suburbanization: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

The process of suburbanization of Riyadh, a city of 4.5 million inhabitants, offers a unique situation in which the urban morphology of the city can be examined in light of socio-political and economic conditions. Central government ordinances helped create ‘dysfunctional’ sprawl by mandating big lots and overly wide streets. Fifty percent of the city’s urban plan of approximately 1300 km² represents a pattern of untimely, undeveloped subdivisions. Much of this premature sub-divisioning was a result of speculative land deals. The current area of undeveloped subdivided land is approximately 650 km², which is roughly the equivalent to the city’s land currently developed.The author argues that government policies and inefficient urban planning practices have encouraged the transformation of the peripheral desert landscape into unchecked land sub-divisioning championed by land developers and speculators. Using a comparative approach, the paper attempts to highlight sociopolitical and other cultural factors that underlie this inefficient sprawl at the fringe. It closes with recommendations to alleviate such a costly pattern that can be generalized to other developing world cities.