有机更新：历史文化名城走出保护性衰败与建设性破坏困境之路

历史文化名城或城市的历史街区经常陷于保护性衰败或建设性破坏两大文化和社会困境之中。两大困境的突破之路在于通过有机更新实现城市的文脉延续、文化传承、文化再生与城市复兴。有机更新就是集物质更新、生活改善、文化再生和社会活化为一体的综合性更新。有机更新要求以谨慎的渐进式更新取代草率的激进式更新,以＂自下而上＂的自愿式更新取代＂自上而下＂的指令式更新,以多个主体的合作行动取代强势集团的单边行动。     

国内外历史文化街区保护与发展案例分析研究

文化是城市的灵魂,保护城市文化就是在为城市保留特色与发展的根基.作为传统文化的重要载体,历史建筑、历史街区的保护越来越受到城市规划管理者的重视,各级历史文物、历史风貌建筑逐步得到维护与修缮.在以土地换取经济发展、城市更新如火如荼的当下,对历史街区、历史文化环境的保护越来越成为历史文化保护的重点.一、国外经验总结从国外的实践经验来看,历史文化遗产保护主要经历了3个阶段:一是单体建筑的保护,用整修的方式应对建筑的现有功能;二是环境与街区的完整保护;三是历史街区的振兴、功能复兴与经济复兴.     

基于扎根理论的文化街区品牌运营研究——以邛崃文脉坊为例

近年来,随着文旅融合的深入,以文塑旅、以旅彰文推进产业转型升级的步伐愈发坚定,本文以中国多个文化街区为前期参考,运用扎根理论,深入剖析文化街区品牌运营的内在机制和影响因素,研究包括地方特色、消费者需求等。在文化街区品牌运营中,注重挖掘和传承当地的文化特色,提升文化街区的品牌形象和价值,同时应加强与当地社区和政府的合作,促进文化街区的可持续发展。     

建筑文化对传统商业街区发展的影响

以北京路传统商业街区为案例,分析其建筑文化在街区发展中的角色和影响。指出由标志性建筑景观、建筑肌理、建筑与文化事件等构成的建筑文化是北京路商业街区竞争力的核心。与其当下繁荣的商贸文化相比,前者更是展现整个街区文化气质的核心和灵魂。当经济职能发展趋同时,应该全面焕发传统商业街区整个建筑文化体系的魅力,以激发其更强大的发展竞争力。     

老旧街区可持续更新治理及其配套政策研究

老旧街区可划分为历史文化街区、历史风貌区和历史地段内的街区、城市非历史文化保护区域内的一般性老旧街区三种类型。可持续的老旧街区更新治理应实现资金来源可持续、空间利用可持续、运营管理可持续、社会治理可持续。基于对北京法源寺、北京大栅栏、广州永庆坊等历史文化街区,南京小西湖历史风貌区以及北京朝阳望京小街的案例分析,本文系统解析老旧街区可持续更新中的难点问题和经验做法,并从政策法规与标准规范、资金运作、空间利用、运营管理和公众参与等方面提出推动老旧街区实现可持续更新的政策建议。     

城市再生视角下历史文化街区改造升级研究——以广州市永庆坊为例

随着城市化的快速发展,新城新区开发建设成为城市扩张的主要方向.相反,老城区的发展问题曾被忽视并逐步陷入衰退.进入新时代,如何促进老城市新活力,实现老城区与新城区双轮驱动,成为亟待研究的课题.地处广州荔湾老城区的恩宁路汇聚西关骑楼建筑的精髓,却一度成为老旧街区衰败的典型.通过微改造,不仅保护了历史环境的原真性,同时促进了文化旅游产业的发展,实现了历史文化街区的再生,走出了一条独特的历史文化街区复兴之路.文章据此进行分析,并从建立多元化参与机制、正确处理历史文化遗存保护和发展的关系、防止侵害消费者权利和公共利益等方面提出了进一步完善历史文化街区复兴的政策建议.     

城市再生视角下历史文化街区改造升级研究——以广州市永庆坊为例

随着城市化的快速发展,新城新区开发建设成为城市扩张的主要方向.相反,老城区的发展问题曾被忽视并逐步陷入衰退.进入新时代,如何促进老城市新活力,实现老城区与新城区双轮驱动,成为亟待研究的课题.地处广州荔湾老城区的恩宁路汇聚西关骑楼建筑的精髓,却一度成为老旧街区衰败的典型.通过微改造,不仅保护了历史环境的原真性,同时促进了文化旅游产业的发展,实现了历史文化街区的再生,走出了一条独特的历史文化街区复兴之路.文章据此进行分析,并从建立多元化参与机制、正确处理历史文化遗存保护和发展的关系、防止侵害消费者权利和公共利益等方面提出了进一步完善历史文化街区复兴的政策建议.     

城市历史街区“地方性”的居民感知调查研究——以广东潮州古城区为例

当前我国许多城市在现代化建设中,忽略了城市的地方特性,割断了城市发展的历史,出现了"千城一面"的现象。解决城市的"特色危机",重点就在于历史文化街区的保护与复兴,其关键就在于城市历史街区的地方性能否得到传承和延续,因此了解和分析作为城市地方性传承主体的地方居民对城市地方性的感知情况就十分必要。文章以广东潮州古城区为例,以抽样问卷调查为手段,调查和分析了潮州古城本地居民对潮州文化及其地方性的感知情况。     

论现代城市的文化品质

四、城市新区与郊区的文化品质 城市生长过程,一是老城更新,二是向外以多种形式(外延式、跳跃式、内插式等)发展新区。正在进入城市化新时期的城市,几乎全部同时存在两种增长方式,只不过两者比例不同而已。老城更新着重产业布局调整、用地置换、历史街区与古迹的保护、利用。而新区是一张白纸绘新图,它的文化品质应从何说起呢?     

德国鲁尔区工业遗产的"博物馆式更新"策略研究

德国鲁尔区工业城市群中留存的工业遗产通过"博物馆式更新"的模式被改造和再利用,锚固记忆的文化策略、融合记忆的空间策略、呼应记忆的文化策略和扩展记忆的事件策略等一系列策略在"博物馆式更新"中被有机整合,既保留了城市记忆,又赋予了城市新的活力,同时,还为其他工业遗产再利用与类似的城市群复兴提供了借鉴。     

高校辅导员专业化和职业化的制约因素

高校辅导员专业化培养和职业化发展既是高校提高大学生思想政治教育有效性和辅导员队伍适应高校教育改革的要求,也是辅导员自身发展的需要。面对当前辅导员队伍呈现管理强而教育弱、工作范畴的全职型而非专业型和缺乏相关学科专业背景知识的实际状况,高校应明确辅导员工作职责、对辅导员工作进行专业划分、建立以综合能力为主的高校辅导员提升内容及评价体系、开展学生工作的学科建设和科学研究、制定切实可行的辅导员专业技术职务评定体系,为辅导员专业化和职业化铺平道路。     

Acceptance and Caregiving of Married and Divorced Custodial Mothers and Fathers

The study examined whether differences in gender and family status affect parental caregiving disposition and acceptance of children among parents of children in mid-childhood. The number of participants were 122 divorced-custodial fathers, 107 married fathers, 85 divorced-custodial mothers, and 82 married mothers (n?=?398). A comparison among four groups of parents revealed the following gender differences: mothers scored higher on anxious caregiving and parental acceptance than fathers, and lower on avoidant caregiving. Regression analysis indicated that the higher the caregiving avoidance or anxiety, the lower the parental acceptance. Family status moderated parental acceptance, as avoidant caregiving was associated with reduced parental acceptance among married parents, but not among divorced custodial parents. The finding that avoidant caregiving was not associated with reduced acceptance among divorced custodial parents implies that their parental acceptance behaviors toward their children are affected by their parental status as sole custodial parent, and the associated responsibilities, rather than by gender.     

College students' perceptions of risk and addictiveness of e-cigarettes and cigarettes

Background: As conventional cigarette use is declining, electronic cigarette (“e-cigarette”) use is rising and is especially high among college students. Few studies examine dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes among this population. This study explores the relationship between dual and exclusive e-cigarette / cigarette use and perceptions of harm and addictiveness of both products. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from students attending 24 colleges in Texas (n=5,482). Multinomial logistic regression was employed to test the association between current e-cigarette / cigarette use and perceived harm and addictiveness of both products. Three tobacco groups were included: cigarette only users, e-cigarette only users, and dual users. Results: Dual users reported lower perceived harm of e-cigarettes most consistently (p<0.001, all comparisons). Perceived harm of cigarettes was significantly lower among cigarette only and dual users only, compared to non-users (p<0.001, all comparisons). Compared to non-users, all three groups reported significantly lower perceived addictiveness of e-cigarettes (p<0.001, all comparisons). The same finding was observed for perceived addictiveness of cigarettes, though findings were less consistent for the e-cigarette only group (p<0.02, all comparisons except one). Conclusion: Findings demonstrate that among college students, perceptions of harm and addictiveness of e-cigarettes are lower than those for conventional cigarettes. For both products, perceptions of harm and addictiveness were lower among exclusive and dual users, compared to non-users.     

Similarity and Complementarity of Behavioral Profiles of Friendship Types and Types of Friends: Friendships and Psychosocial Adjustment

This study investigated different types of friendships and the behavioral profiles of different types of friends in relation to individual adjustment. In 102 classes with preadolescents (mean age 11), 737 independent friendship dyads, and in 149 classes with adolescents (mean age 14), 1,102 friendship dyads were identified. At each age group, cluster analyses on the behavioral profiles of the dyads yielded three friendship types, with two types of friends within each friendship type: Socially Withdrawn friendship (Victimized Withdrawn and Prosocial Withdrawn friends), Prosocial friendship (High Prosocial and Less Prosocial friends), and Antisocial friendship (Bullying Antisocial and Antisocial friends). The behavioral profiles of the two friends in Prosocial friendships were marked by similarity and in the other two types by complementarity. Both Victimized Withdrawn and Bullying Antisocial friends were less adjusted than participants without friends while Prosocial friends were more adjusted.     

The Co-Evolution of Marriage and Parental Rights of Gays and Lesbians

ABSTRACT

Historically, federal and state legislation placed different conditions on same- and opposite-sex couples' ability to marry, adopt, or exercise their parental rights. Given the historical intertwining of marriage and parenting, legal issues remain hinged on differing conceptions of marriage and what constitutes a legal family in the United States, especially for same-sex partners compared to their different-sexed couple counterparts. This article provides a historical review of decisions that serve as the foundation for queer parenting rights in the United States. A key focus is on the impact of the U.S. Supreme Court Obergefell v. Hodges (2015) marriage decision on queer parenting and its relevance to researchers and practitioners whose work involves queer families. State discrepancies continue to exist for the treatment of parental rights in spite of the legalization of same-sex marriage. Finally, suggestions are provided for future directions for the field.     

Parenting Responses and Parenting Goals of Mothers and Fathers of Adolescents

We extended on previous work by examining the contextual nature of parenting goals in mothers and fathers of adolescents. We also examined dyadic parenting similarity in parenting responses and parenting goals. Participants were 285 primarily professional (48.6%), White (82.7%) parents of adolescents aged 14 to 17 years old (mothers n = 213, fathers n = 68, dyads n = 43). Results of a 2 × 2 × 6 MANCOVA indicated that parenting goals were influenced by characteristics of the situation but not by parent or adolescent gender. There was dyadic parenting similarity for parenting responses and dyadic similarity for parenting goals. The implications of these findings for parenting interventions and future parenting research using within family comparisons are discussed.     

Powerlessness and Abuse and Neglect of Older Adults

ABSTRACT

This article is a qualitative study which addresses the interacting relationship between the environmental context of care giving and abuse and neglect of older adults. These are examined through a thematic content analysis of risk factors identified in sixteen ‘in depth’ interviews of abused and neglected victims including two of their abusers. The interviews provide a portrait of their past and present situations, their roles and relationships and the process through which the interviewees move into their described process of powerlessness.

The interviewees are analysed through a critical, systemic, ecological analysis of the historical, gender and cultural perspectives of the interviewees. Through the relationships of the victims and their abusers in the macro, meso, exo and micro systems, questions are raised about the growing debate regarding changes in family patterns and demographics that affect how societies define the provision of care to their dependent adults. They demonstrate that violence is produced by complex interacting systems and significant events, that impact on the life courses of some older adults and some care givers leading them into powerless positions and resulting in abuse and neglect.