墨尔本:保护城市遗产重在公众参与

正4月,一则"上海将正式开展第五批优秀历史建筑申报"的新闻引起关注。据相关报道,"已有200余处优秀历史建筑、近百个风貌保护街坊、近20条风貌保护道路进入了备选名单"。对城市遗产而言,增加保护对象是有必要的,但接下来,如何避免走"仅仅挂个牌子"的老路,显然也十分重要。墨尔本的城市遗产不仅包括历史建筑和遗址等物质实体,也包括城市肌理、公园水岸等历史遗留下来的空间环境。为了管理和维护好这些城市遗产,各级政府委托专门机构进行调查研究,并定期对保护对象进行评估,提出具体措施。此外,为了提升民众生活质量,增进社会文化活力,墨尔本相关部门还会采用各种方式和途径,引导公众参与遗产保护工作,充分发挥舆论监督的作用。     

当代香港历史建筑“保育与活化”的经验与启示

运营模式、制度保障及公众参与等不够完善是内地历史建筑保护与更新面临的挑战。历史建筑保护在香港越来越受到重视,在多方努力下,取得了一定的积极成果。以实地调研为基础,结合实际项目典例分析,从政府管理体系、公众参与方式以及活化与保育方法方面来介绍香港对历史建筑"保育与活化"的经验。可借鉴其成功经验,通过设立专门机构与较为完善的管理体系、构建政府-社会机构-公众"伙伴关系"、丰富活化利用多样性来推动内地历史建筑的保护与更新。     

梵净山文化中的“净”与“静”之于贵州生态保护的价值研究

世界自然遗产是人类罕见的、目前无法替代的宝贵财富,遗产保护对人类而言任重道远。梵净山世界自然遗产提名地以美学价值、地球演化和生物多样性而闻名,悠久的佛教文化历史为梵净山增添了宗教特色。从古至今,佛教文化在梵净山自然保护历史中扮演了重要角色,影响梵净山生态环境的发展。弥勒文化的构建对梵净山世界自然遗产提名地具有重要意义,"净"土文化代表了对未来美好环境的向往,同时也与梵净山"静"态的自然交相呼应。本研究拟通过对梵净山佛教文化的剖析,建立佛教文化与自然生态保护的联系,探索世界遗产保护中佛教文化的作用,发掘净土文化的意义,为生态建设提供科学参考,推动贵州省生态文明发展。     

旅游开发与乐山世界文化和自然遗产的保护

一、旅游开发与遗产保护的关系 在国内外,对于旅游与遗产保护的关系,一直存在着争议.一方面,旅游与遗产保护是相互促进的关系,对遗产资源进行旅游开发,不仅能最广泛地传播遗产价值,提高全社会遗产保护意识,并为遗产保护提供亟需的资金,同时又有利于遗产地的经济和社会的发展.     

非物质文化遗产保护与高职旅游专业教学改革探讨

非物质文化遗产是重要的旅游资源。将非物质文化遗产融入高职旅游专业教学对非物质文化遗产保护和深化旅游专业教学改革都有良好的促进作用。文章分析了高职旅游专业在保护和传承非物质文化遗产方面的重要性,探讨了将非物质遗产引入高职旅游专业教学的重要意义,并针对性地提出了推动非物质文化遗产保护,深化高职旅游专业教学改革的对策。     

关于历史文化名城当代性的思考

历史文化名城的价值物化或积淀在各个城市的现存建筑与历史遗痕中,由此,便自然生成这样一种概念:保护历史文化名城,甚至将历史文化名城的保护与城市现代化建设绝对对立起来。其实,这种认识是既不利于历史文化名城的保护,也不利于城市现代化发展的。作为民族传统文化和人类共同文明遗产     

历史风貌建筑旅游资源的开发与应用模式研究

就旅游的特殊吸引力而言，历史风貌建筑本身就是这种吸引力的一部分，它作为城市重要的文化遗产，是城市文化的象征、城市形象的体现、城市品牌的浓缩和城市文脉的传承。深人挖掘珍贵的文化旅游资源，对提升城市形象与品牌、挖掘城市旅游资源等方面都有着重要意义和作用。     

辽宁工业遗产价值解析及其原真性保护研究

伴随我国产业升级改造的推进,人们加大了对工业遗产地的关注,从工业考古、遗产保护而发展起来的遗产旅游促使人们去深入挖掘工业文明,探索并开发其特殊的休闲、观光及娱乐等功能,但目前对工业遗产价值认识存在模糊,工业遗产保护研究不够深入,利用开发意识不强。笔者针对辽宁省工业遗产的特殊性,对其价值进行系统解析,提出保护工业遗产的原真性,要尊重遗产历史和演进中的真实。     

城市核心区的考古遗产——广州南越国遗迹的保护与展示实践

考古遗产是人类文化遗产的重要组成部分。对于一座城市来说,考古遗产是城市发展的记忆,是其历史文化内涵的重要体现。南越国宫署遗址、南越王墓和南越国木构水闸遗址,是考古发现最重要的南越国遗迹,是广州历史文化名城的精华,也是广州最重要的考古遗产。南越国遗迹发现于城市建设过程中,发掘后在原址保护并展示,既展现了广州的深厚历史文化内涵,也成为现代化广州重要的历史文化座标。     

广州历史建筑保护的制度性障碍

以制度为切入点,以历史建筑保护的工作框架为线索,从申报程序、管理分工、行为约束、激励机制、资金保障和活化利用等方面反思广州历史建筑保护中存在的问题,指出被动式保护的问题根源,并借鉴国内外先进经验,提出融入城市发展目标的保护制度完善建议。     

公用事业公有制的多种实现形式

分析了公用事业由国有独资经营向公有制多种实现形式转化必须把握好的几个方面。同时,政府应加强对公用事业的宏观控制力。     

Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of facial expressions of six emotions as a function of sex and level of education (high school, college, university) of the subjects. Three hundred French-speaking citizens of Quebec had to judge which emotion was expressed in various facial stimuli presented on slides. Results show that overall, the recognition of emotions was very good. However, there were significant and strong differences between emotions and sex and levels of education did not have strong effects on the results.This research was supported by grant EQ-1717 from Fonds FCAC (Gouvernment du Quebec).     

浅析廊坊市加快科学发展的思路及措施

主要从思想建设、产业结构调整、城乡一体化方面探讨廊坊市抓住发展机遇,加快科学发展的思路。     

Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners

The idea of a community of learners is based on the premise that learning occurs as people participate in shared endeavors with others, with all playing active but often asymmetrical roles in sociocultural activity. This contrasts with models of learning that are based on one‐sided notions of learning— either that it occurs through transmission of knowledge from experts or acquisition of knowledge by novices, with the learner or the others (respectively) in a passive role. In this paper, I develop the distinction between the community of learners and one‐sided approaches from the perspective of a theory of learning as participation, and use two lines of research to illustrate the transitions in perspective necessary to understand the idea of communities of learners. One line of research examines differing models of teaching and learning employed by caregivers and toddlers from Guatemalan Mayan and middle‐class European‐American families; the other line of research involves a study of how middle‐class parents make a transition from their own schooling background to participate in instruction in a public US elementary school.     

The frequency of sexual abuse and depression in a sample of street children of one of deprived districts of Tehran

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of sexual abuse and depression among street children who live in a deprived district of Tehran. The researchers used the K-SADS questionnaire and a clinical interview were used to evaluate depression and sexual abuse in 87 street children in Tehran. Eighteen (20.9%) of the children had been sexually abused. Depressed children were 3.2 times more likely to be sexually abused than non-depressed children. Furthermore, 26 girls (86.7%) and 27 boys (48.2%) suffered from depression. The frequency of depression demonstrated a significant association with the father's or breadwinner's history of imprisonment or unemployment. Interventional programs providing education and support should be implemented for street children.     

劳动法视域下新生代农民工权利缺失问题

中国经济崛起和城市化进程过程中农民工的贡献有目共睹,城市让生活更美好的诱惑使得中国的新老两代农民工从农村流入城市,2008年1月1日的《劳动合同法》和《劳动争议调解仲裁法》让社会看到了改善农民工权利状况的希望,然而新生代农民工的权利保护尤其是作为一名劳动者的权利保护的现状依然不如人意,没有救济的权利不是真正的权利、迟来的正义是非正义,每年岁末对于农民工权益的突击性保障并不能从根本上解决问题,把包括农民工权益保障的社会问题纳入法治框架内、通过探析新生代农民工权利阙如问题及原因进而发现从制度层面进行解决才是解决农民工权益保障问题的根本途径。     

学龄儿童健康行为研究方法述评

学龄儿童健康行为研究越来越得到重视,在未来周期性的研究中也面临着在快速发展的背景下保持较高质量、在有限的财政资源情况下持续提高、使趋势分析与修改问卷内容相适应、满足科学受众和政策受众的不同要求等挑战,因此,完善其研究方法成为当前迫切需要。     

“吸毒人员未成年子女监护问题”研讨会综述

针对吸毒人员对其未成年子女的监护不力或监护缺失的现状，深入探讨了终止、剥夺乃至转移吸毒人员监护权的问题。涉及到监护权转移实践方面的问题，与会专家提出了临时监护人，短、长期寄养家庭，机构性质的儿童之家，儿童福利院等多种监护权转移方案。对一些存有疑义的问题，则是需要系统研究、统筹规划的新课题。     

The impact of generation and country of origin on the mental health of children of immigrants

The authors reexamine the study of generational differences in adjustment among the children of immigrants by arguing that the country of origin defines and shapes the adaptation process across generations. Using a sample of children in Toronto, the authors demonstrate that generational differences in the mental health of children occur only in families from countries of origin at the lowest levels of economic development. Among those at the lowest levels of economic development, a mental health advantage in the first generation evolves to a disadvantage in the 2.5 generation relative to third or later generational children. Children from backgrounds characterized by higher economic development show no initial or eventual differences from the native born. Using data from the Toronto Study of Intact Families, the authors are able to explain differences among children from low economic development backgrounds specifically in terms of increasing family conflict and decreasing school involvement across generations.