土族土司研究--土族李土司家族史

土族李土司远祖系突厥沙陀种,沙陀酋长朱邪赤心为振武节度使,子李克用为唐雁门节度使,后进晋王。李克用于李存勖为后唐庄宗。庄宗存勖死,李克用养子李嗣源即位,是为明宗。明宗即位前夕,李克用之嫡子嫡孙有的被杀,有的逃入阴山。辽金时以白达勒达名字出现。及至蒙古兴起,黑达白达合二为一。元朝廷以西宁洲为李克用后裔驸马昌吉之分地。昌吉死,无嗣,其弟脱脱木耳袭。元亡明兴,脱脱木耳之五世孙李南哥归降,是为土族之李土司,并衍生出沙陀后裔三李土司。     

拨开蒙在土族来源问题上的迷雾(续)

(二 )汪土司南木哥 (元豳王南木忽里 )《西宁府志》云 :“西宁县汪土司之先南木哥 ,蒙古种。明初以功为金吾左卫中卫所千户 ,至今犹存”。在《元史》里 ,南木哥写作那木忽里 ,南木忽里、南忽里等。南木哥是南木忽里一名的简化形式 ,即取南木 ,舍忽里 (前节论证贡哥星吉时 ,蒙、藏、土三族人名简化之习俗已有详细交待 ) ,再加哥 ,成了南木哥。为什么人名后面加“哥”呢 ?在《元史》里有详细说明 ,原来 ,元代某人身居高官 ,并且在位时 ,往往以哥称呼 ,表示敬重。如阿哈出伯 (出伯哥 )、阿哈帖木儿 (帖木哥 ) ,阿哈 ,意为哥。汉藏民族也有这个…     

瓦寺土司历史沿革简介

以大渡河上游的莫尔多大神山为中心的地区,历史上称之为“嘉莫察瓦绒”,简称“嘉绒”、“察瓦绒”或“察柯”。最晚至明代,这一地区的人便被称为“嘉绒人”。元明清以迄本世纪中叶,该地区由受中央王朝先后册封的十八个土司分别管领,通常统称为嘉绒十八土司。 本文就今汶川县境内岷江河谷地区历史上嘉绒十八土司之一——瓦寺土司的世系及其历史沿革作一考察,以就教于有识之士。     

西夏文明的守望者与解读者

“当初李范文用一个帐篷,一袋大米,一碟咸菜,在西夏王陵守望和解读了7年,他是一个真正的田野工作者,值得人钦佩。西夏有幸遇到了李范文,因为他的解读,西夏王朝才被世人聚焦。”几年前的秋天,余秋雨在与李范文晤面时,如是评价这位令他尊敬的学者。     

土司时期的土家族文学

土司时期的土家族文学曹毅纵观土家族历史，可以分为传说时期，巴国奴隶制国家时期、羁縻时期、土司时期和改土归流后的半殖民地半封建时期，而土司时期是其中一个最重要、最有特点的时期。虽然封建王朝正式在土家族地区建立土司制度是在元代，实际上早在唐朝末年土家族地...     

明清时期土族社会经济发展状况初探

元末明初土族形成以后,整个明代迄于清初,以湟水流域为中心,连成一片聚居于东至湟水下游、南至黄河沿岸、西至西宁西川、北至祁连山南麓的广大地区。当时土族人口,限于记载稀疏,确切数据不得而知,但据《秦边纪略》中东、西祁土司、李土司、庄浪鲁土司及纳、吉、阿,陈八家土司所辖人口的统计,明末清初,这一带的“土民”达30     

连城鲁土司述略

连城鲁土司述略李向德一连城鲁土司概况连城鲁土司，是西北少数民族地区影响较大，持续较长，土司制度较完善的土司。其始祖名脱欢，系蒙古族，元朝皇室后裔，元仁宗皇庆２年（１３１３年）晋爵安定王兼平章政事。元朝灭亡后，率部流落于河湟一带。明洪武３年（１３７０年...     

西夏、党项史料正误三则

西夏文的创造在西夏历史上是一件重要事情。它不仅对西夏文化事业的发展有重大影响,而且与西夏政治的演化也有密切关系,特别是它反映着西夏历史上不同时期的统治者所奉行的政策。然而,在什么时间创造西夏文的问题上,由于史籍记载互有凿枘,致使后人众说纷纭。有的径自误用错误的史料,得出不合历史事实的结论。 关于西夏文创制时间的记载,在元代的著作中分为两种。第一种记为西夏第一代皇帝李     

藏文史籍中的木雅诸王考

藏文史籍中提到过几个“木雅王”的名号，其实际所指目前尚不十分清楚。本文指出其中的ｓｅｈｖｕ为西夏太祖继迁，ｇａｉｈｕ为太宗德明，ｇａｉｒｔｓｕ和ｄｕｓｐａｎｇｏｎｕ为景宗元昊，ｒｇｙａｌｒｇｏｄ为桓宗纯，ｒｄｏｒｊｅｄｐａｌ为末帝，同时结合汉文和西夏文史料找出了藏族传说和史实的某些对应关系     

元安西王忙哥刺死因之谜

忙哥刺在忽必烈封王诸子中,"一藩二印,两府并开",地位十分尊荣,但年未及而立而身死,且死因不明.只有郑思肖<大义略叙>明确记载他是因谋篡父位而被忽必烈所杀.结合史料中的其他记载,笔者认为忙哥刺在任安西王、秦王期间,确有不臣之心,他的死一定和汗位之争有着密不可分的关系,郑思肖的记载是可信的.     

侗族“行歌坐月”的结构功能分析——基于一个南侗村落婚恋习俗的田野考察

"行歌坐月"用以指代侗族于"夜间的室内唱歌作乐"的相关习俗文化,来源于汉文典籍记载,它与侗语体系中的"甲寨"、"甲腊乜"、"俩腊乜"、"甲乌"、"瑞乜、"吝乜"、"览"等具有大致相同的指代对象。具体到阳烂侗族传统的"行歌坐月"主要指的是成长到一定年龄阶段特别是适婚的男性游走于大致相同年龄阶段的女性家进行"对歌抒情"的行为及其活动。目前,对于这一"行为及其活动"的研究,从尽可能多的文献资料查阅来看,关注的视角仍然主要集中在对事项本身的概括上,而将其视为一种社会事实进行细节的描述,当然也对其外延和内涵有了一定的探讨,但笔者认为仍还有可以进一步剖析的必要性。本文选择一个侗族文化氛围较浓的村落作为田野考察点,对其"行歌坐月"习俗进行结构功能的分析,以期达到"以小见大",更好地诠释社会、理解文化之目的。     

格尔木市流动人口调查报告

随着西部大开发战略的深入推进,越来越多的外来流动人口涌入西部城镇。流动人口的涌入一定程度上推动了西部各城市的发展,但也加剧了当地就业市场的竞争,带来一系列管理方面的困境,流动人口也面临着与流入地群体、社会之间的互动协调问题。格尔木市作为青藏高原上第三大城市,随着资源的开发,城市的建设,外来人口也大规模进入。本文对2005年格尔木市流动人口的结构特征、生活就业状况及其社会互动关系等作了系统描述、归纳和分析。     

彝族“尔”(龙)文化内涵探析——从语言文化视角解读《支格阿尔》

华夏民族自称为龙的传人,彝族以龙、虎为图腾。在中国的英雄史诗中,史诗与"龙"和龙的精神有着密切的联系。本文以支格阿尔姓氏中龙"尔"[lu]的缘起;汉藏语系语言中龙"尔"[lu]的源流;龙"尔"[lu]是英雄人物的精神和力量;龙"尔"[lu]的精神是中华民族多元一体文化精神的集中体现为内容,以解读《支格阿尔》等英雄史诗蕴藏的文化内涵为主线,对英雄史诗中龙的精神进行分析研究,提出龙的精神就是英雄史诗中的英雄精神,龙的精神就是中华民族勇敢、无畏、团结、奋斗的民族精神。     

东西方民族的英雄颂歌--《伊利亚特》与《格萨尔王》比较

史诗是世界文化遗产中的宝中之宝,它不仅用特殊的形式保存着各民族的重大史实、传说、神话和语言,而且是民族文化、民族传统,民族精神的多面晶体,是世界多极化、多元化、多样化的体现或证明.本文通过对东西方两大史诗<伊利亚特><格萨尔王传>的比较,从流传方式、历史真实性、英雄颂歌、社会历史条件、战争观念、谋篇布局几个方面进一步探索东西方史诗的异中有同、同中有异的血缘关系.从而使我们能够从世界文学的视角,用全新的眼光来审视东方的藏民族史诗,使藏民族史诗的研究更进一步,更具有整体性和全面性,更具有学术价值.     

Meeting / Derrida

In August 1999, Jacques Derrida gave a number of lectures and seminars in Melbourne and Sydney. The seminar of 13 August, held at Sydney's Seymour Centre Theatre, was open to the public. It consisted of a question-and-answer session with Genevieve Lloyd, David Wills, Paul Patton and Penelope Deutscher. Its title, 'Themes from Recent Work', reflected interests in the work from Specters of Marx (1994) onwards which some, including Paul Patton, have referred to as deconstruction in its affirmative phase. What follows is a by-no-means verbatim record of the event. Rather it is but one member of the audience's account of what transpired in the seminar – an account which is therefore necessarily selective and pressed through the grid of my own quasi-philosophical interests. Following this account of the seminar, I offer some marginal notes on the open discussion following the seminar, then, finally, some reflections on a particular matter discussed at the dinner which followed that – madness.     

Defining ‘real India’: representations of authenticity in independent travel

As an alternative to the stereotypical mass tourism, independent travellers – travellers who travel for extended periods on low budgets while ostensibly avoiding formalized tourist activities and locales – are invested in constructing ‘authentic’ travel experiences. Practices such as ‘off-the-beaten-track’ travel and cultural engagement provide the means by which independent travellers are able to make claims to such authenticity. Authenticity is constructed by travellers through idealizations of intimacy and non-commodification. These idealizations are tangled in narrative representations of ‘real’ India and ‘real’ Indians, their ‘real’-ness typified by an absence of other travellers, tourists and, more generally, Western contamination. In these ways, ‘authentic’ travel is dependent upon actively constructed binaries of Western travelling subjects and exotic Indian objects. Yet travellers' fantasies of the Other are fragile and subject to collapse at moments in which so-called Others articulate their subjectivity in a way that is inconsistent with travellers' expectations. Through a focus on travellers' narratives of their experience, both the requirement for an Orientalist dichotomy as well as the ruptures that continually challenge this dichotomy, will emerge.     

Oestrogen Rising 2016: Ireland’s stained and bloodied cloths

A weaver, seamstress, laundress and artist, in this essay I shall spin a yarn, tangle a web, and construct a text(ile) of the inter-weave of narrative and identity that I define as my intellectual, textual, somatic and material/visual practice obsessions. My work explores ‘the places in-between’ in the entanglements of Irish and Northern Irish gender and identity, and in the abject fabrics of death and of desire. As an Irish feminist, sense-making of the complexities, conundrums, challenges and contradictions of my land, my cloth, my body and my culture owes much to Irish women before me who fought for female suffrage, and Irish women now – north and south of the border that divides the island of Ireland – who still struggle for equality of citizenship, social justice, human rights, and full reproductive autonomy. My contention is that when we accept that Ireland herself is a many-layered cloth, a stained and bloodied cloth, a cloth marked irreversibly by history, conflict, denial and abuse, stained by its own repression, marked through denial of all its people’s rights and needs, and bloodied by its greatest export, the haemorrhage of its people, then – polemical, didactic or reflective, with more compassion, empathy, humility and heart – we just might make peace with our past.     

The changing configurations of self-(m)other dialogue in North Cyprus

This paper deals with issues of identity, nationalism, postcolonialism, and self-other relations with a focus on a period of transformative events in North Cyprus. It notes how nationalism has been the dominant means of identification for Cypriots in their modern history, and argues that unless weakened and supplanted by a radically pluralist democracy, nationalism imagines one's identity as an indivisible unity and has no place for different others within the nation. However, a pressing relationship with others and otherness is no stranger to Cypriots either, which makes it clear that the border that defines the ‘we’ of such nationalism is, at the same time, the line that divides the self intrinsically, indicating the otherness of the self or its alterity. Subjectivity involves subjection to the other.     

热贡鲁若中"玛泽"与藏族历史的渊源关系

文章从历史学、宗教学、民俗学等角度,将流行于黄南藏族自治州同仁县隆务河流域的六月会主体节目之一"玛泽"的文化内涵进行了新的探讨,并就"玛泽"节目的历史和宗教渊源关系,民俗形成过程,以及对军事、生产活动中的意义提出了自己的看法.     

Refugees,migrants, neither,both: categorical fetishism and the politics of bounding in Europe’s ‘migration crisis’

The use of the categories ‘refugee’ and ‘migrant’ to differentiate between those on the move and the legitimacy, or otherwise, of their claims to international protection has featured strongly during Europe’s ‘migration crisis’ and has been used to justify policies of exclusion and containment. Drawing on interviews with 215 people who crossed the Mediterranean to Greece in 2015, our paper challenges this ‘categorical fetishism’, arguing that the dominant categories fail to capture adequately the complex relationship between political, social and economic drivers of migration or their shifting significance for individuals over time and space. As such it builds upon a substantial body of academic literature demonstrating a disjuncture between conceptual and policy categories and the lived experiences of those on the move. However, the paper is also critical of efforts to foreground or privilege ‘refugees’ over ‘migrants’ arguing that this reinforces rather than challenges the dichotomy’s faulty foundations. Rather those concerned about the use of categories to marginalise and exclude should explicitly engage with the politics of bounding, that is to say, the process by which categories are constructed, the purpose they serve and their consequences, in order to denaturalise their use as a mechanism to distinguish, divide and discriminate.