我国发展逆年金住房抵押贷款的分析

生育率的迅速下降,使我国提前面对人口老龄化问题。然而薄弱的社会保障体系还不足以支撑迅速庞大的老龄化社会,传统的家庭养老模式面临着严峻的挑战。逆年金住房抵押贷款业务作为一种新型的养老方式,将对解决我国老龄人口养老问题具有积极的意义。     

台湾开始试行以房养老

2013年,台湾宣布试行以房养老计划,为期5年,试办对象100人,限定为65岁以上、无法定继承人、低收入但有房产者,性质为社会福利而非市场化运作,资金支持为台湾财政部门的公益彩券回馈金和试办县市拨款。     

易房养老：“以房养老”的多元模式探索

“以房养老”是在我国人口老龄化、家庭养老功能弱化与社会养老功能严重不足的特定时代背景下,即将于近期内全面启动的民生工程重要举措之一。本文提出,在构建符合我国国情的多元化养老服务体系中,除国务院文件倡导的“反向按揭”（也称“倒按揭”）之外,“以房养老”还可以有多种不同的形式作为补充,以通过自有住房租赁或买卖获取差价用于养老补贴的“易房养老”,即为其中值得倡导与推广的模式之一。     

农村发达地区中青年女性的养老意愿与养老方式——以浙江省为例

随着中国社会的不断老龄化 ,养老问题已成为一个亟待解决的社会问题。目前大多数研究偏重于城镇老年人的养老问题 ,忽视占老年人口大多数的农村老年人的养老问题 ;在少量研究农村养老的研究中 ,大都侧重于宏观的、客观现状的描述和分析 ,使得研究流于程序化。本文从农村中青年女性的主观养老意愿入手 ,探寻形成当今农村人口选择“家庭养老”的深层原因 ,提出几点相应的看法     

社区养老服务的规划与设计——以南京市为例

社区养老服务是破解养老难题的钥匙之一。在考察与分析中国社区养老服务发展现状与问题的基础上,从居家入户服务、老年人日间照顾中心等七个方面对南京市社区养老服务进行规划与设计,并从扩大和完善社区养老服务职能、使其承担部分家庭已无法完成的养老功能,做好老年社区福利事业规划,整合社区资源,加强社区养老设施建设,建立多层次社区服务网络,实施生活照料等维度对加强社区养老服务提出了具体的操作建议。     

论建立现代养老体系与弘扬传统养老文化

今后较长时间内 ,老年人自养、家庭养老、社会化养老等各种养老方式将同时存在、互为补充、不断发展演变 ,构成我国现代养老体系的基本框架。要从根本上解决人口老龄化问题 ,必须在建立现代养老体系的过程中 ,弘扬传统养老文化 ,只有这样 ,才能营造“尊老”、“敬老”的社会氛围 ,形成良好的“养老”社会环境 ,建设有中国特色的新型养老文化     

浅析机构养老资源体系——以福建省为例

本研究以福建省为例将机构养老资源划分为制度资源、经济资源、社会资源、文化资源以及自我资源五种。研究认为该机构养老资源体系存在：制度资源还不完善、经济资源分配不均、社会资源供需不平衡、自我资源有所弱化等问题,因此,必须全方位的认识并构建机构养老社会支持体系。     

基于老人养老意愿与需求的居家养老体系构建

养老问题是我国老龄化进程中的一个突出问题。传统养老面临挑战,社会养老难以一蹴而就。因此,要探寻既符合老年人养老意愿与需求,又要适应当前国情的养老服务体系,以破解＂养老难＂。     

家庭养老需求与家庭养老功能弱化的张力及其弥合

人口老龄化是当前中国社会所面临的重要挑战之一。一方面,老年人的特征和人性本能共同决定了人们对家庭养老需求十分强烈;另一方面,家庭结构变迁和人们生活方式的变化导致家庭养老功能逐步弱化。两者之间的张力造就了当前中国社会所特有的家庭养老困境。如何弥合二者之间的张力需要建构家庭和社会联动性的居家养老模式,应发挥各方优势,整合资源,破解家庭养老困境。     

新型养老体系的初步研究与设想

养老体系是指在一个特定的社会中老龄人口生活的支持系统 ,从其形成方式看 ,包括两个部分 :正规养老制度和非正规养老制度 ,二者有其各自的社会经济基础、经济和人力保障、道德和法制保障。中国现行养老体系所面临的问题是 :人口老龄化 ,城乡差别 ,不完善的城镇职工退休保障制度和家庭结构的变迁。而新型养老体系的构建 ,不仅要改革和完善正规养老制度 ,还要使非正规养老制度与之相互补充和协调     

“倒按揭”养老模式的精算模型构建与应用

为了推进“倒按揭”养老模式在我国的发展,本文通过对“倒按揭”进行概念解析,构建了个体“倒按揭”精算模型和家庭“倒按揭”精算模型;利用两个模型,测算了固定房产值时的给付标准和固定给付标准时对房产值的要求,研究发现,实行“倒按揭”养老的警戒线为房产净价值136576元;当拥有房产价值227627元时,给付标准可达到城镇居民人均可支配收入水平。     

Housing Well-Being: Developing and Validating a Measure

Housing well-being refers to the home resident’s cumulative positive and negative affect associated with the purchase, preparation, ownership, use, and maintenance of the current home, and the selling of the previous home. Housing well-being is assumed to occur when the home is bought with the least amount of effort (purchase), the home is prepared for use to meet the needs of the new occupants (preparation), ownership signals status and enhances the home owner’s financial portfolio (ownership), the home serves the housing needs of the residents (use), the maintenance, renovation, and repair in the home are minimal, least costly, and effortless (maintenance), and the sale of the home is transacted with the least amount of effort and most financial gain (selling). Based on this conceptualization of housing well-being, we conducted an exploratory study to identify the sources of satisfaction related to the purchase, preparation, ownership, use, and maintenance of the current home, and the selling of the previous home. The exploratory study also helped us articulate a theoretical model describing the interrelationships among the housing well-being constructs and their consequence: the perceived quality-of-life (QOL) impact of the home. The exploratory study helped us also to develop survey measures, which in turn were validated through two additional studies involving surveys of home owners in the US and Korea.     

居家养老及其相关的几个问题

文章就居家养老服务的概念、内容与属性,政府、市场、社会与家庭在居家养老服务中的责任定位以及居家养老与机构养老两者间关系进行探讨。指出:从养老资金来源、养老地点与养老服务供给三个基本维度可以将养老划分为若干种基本的类型;政府在保障经济困难、失能、半失能老人养老服务中具有不可推卸的责任;居家养老与机构养老各有其优缺点与适用范围,不存在孰轻孰重问题,无需每个社区单独建立居家养老服务中心。     

中国老年人住房与环境状况分析

随着我国人口老龄化的发展 ,老年人住房状况有了较大的变化 ,他们对住宅、环境的要求也越来越高。他们希望住宅、环境的设计更能人性化 ,更适合他们身心健康的特殊需要。本文分析了老年人居住的环境、住宅内外空间以及设备的选配 ,应该从老年人的心理、生理的角度 ,充分照顾到老年人特点 ,为老年人创造一个舒适、安全、方便的居住和生活的环境     

Estimating Housing Quality for Poverty and Development Policy Analysis: CWIQ in Ghana

Inadequate data on housing characteristics and lack of consensusregarding appropriate measures of housing quality characteristicsretard developments to meet housing needs of people in lessdeveloped countries. A constructed housing quality index is developed and Cronbach's alpha and factor analysis are employedeo evaluate its measurement properties. With data from the CoreWelfare Indicators Questionnaire (CWIQ) survey of 1997, theconstructed housing quality index identifies key factors relatedto housing quality in Ghana. Access to quality of life amenities contributes significant information and policy value to traditionalphysical attributes in modeling a housing quality index.     

银川市失地农民住房问题研究

作为中国回族聚居的宁夏,近年来伴随着城市化的迅猛发展,失地农民人数连年增加。失地农民的住房问题是失地农民生存与发展中最基本的问题,同时也是党和政府需要下大力气解决的一个重要问题。以回族人口比较集中的宁夏银川为例,通过大量的实地调查,分析回族地区失地农民住房存在的问题,提出解决这些问题的对策与途径。     

从隔离到融合——流动人口居住状况研究的现状及发展

流动人口进入城市所面临的首要问题就是居住问题。本文试图厘清近年来有关流动人口居住问题的研究脉络,从制度设置、居住区位、以及与城市的融入和城市管理等研究视角分别进行了梳理,在此基础上,提出新的研究方向和思路,认为对流动人口的住房研究出现了从与城市隔离到与城市融入的特征。今后的研究中应把住房政策视为一种福利政策来为流动人口提供居住的基本保障。     

公众参与模式在保障性住房供给中的应用

随着我国保障性住房政策的不断完善,住房保障供给过程中所涉及的工具和模式研究逐渐从宏观的政策层面向微观的管理层面转变。公众参与对完善我国保障性住房供给政策和管理有着极其重要的作用。本文试图对公众参与在保障性住房供给各阶段中的运用进行分析,在此基础上,提出公众参与保障性住房供给应注意的几个问题,从而为实践提供理论依据。     

State of Inertia: Psychological Preparation of Single Australian and UK Baby Boomer Women for Retirement Housing Change

The transition into retirement is an important life phase that presents significant challenges in respect to well-being, lifestyle, and consumption choices. This article examines the consumption context of housing after retirement, in particular for the low-resourced cohort of single baby boomer women. Utilizing an extended Theory of Planned Behavior model, we examine the relationship between intention and actual behavior, in this case financial advice seeking, as an important component of the psychological preparedness of single female baby boomer women. Our analysis showed both Australian and UK single baby boomer women display different behaviors in terms of seeking advice and their mental preparedness to adjust to a change in their living arrangements. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for policy and further research.     

The Role of Housing Space in Determining Freedom and Flourishing in Older People

This paper takes as its central thesis Martha Nussbaum’s normative proposition that social arrangements should be evaluated primarily according to the extent of freedom people have to promote or achieve functionings they value. Using this as a lens the paper explores the housing circumstances of older people in the UK. The paper makes three points. Firstly, given that people use their homes to structure and manage their lives, the design, quality and standard of their home is therefore a critical factor in determining their “doings and beings” [Sen: 1992, Inequality Re-examined (Clarendon Press, Oxford) p. 40]. Since older people are more likely to spend greater time within the home through lower income, lessening mobility or loss of companions, this may be of greater significance to them than other age groups. Secondly the paper argues that the design of “specialist” dwellings for older people where there is a shifting balance between housing and care has played a part in shaping the thinking about the position and status of older people as well as providing a material context in which older people live [Laws: 1994, Environment and Planning A 26: pp. 1787–1802]. This paper suggests that this context may alter or deny many aspects of life that may be meaningful to individuals and therefore may inhibit rather than promote human flourishing. The paper draws mainly on a small qualitative study in which older people spoke of their home and its meaning. Quotations from this work are given in italics.