预算报酬方案和线性报酬方案的一个比较分析

在代理理论的框架下 ,分析比较企业实务中最为常见的两种报酬方案 :预算报酬方案和线性报酬方案 .通过建立一个具体模型进行定量模拟分析 ,探讨影响企业报酬方案的激励成本的主要因素 .根据模拟的数值结果 ,具体描述了企业应该如何根据其业绩评价信息系统的质量来选择和设计报酬激励方案 ,以较低的成本达到预定的控制和激励目标     

团队导向下个人报酬影响因素的实证研究

以团队工作中的个体作为研究对象,应用结构方程模型,构建和验证了影响个人报酬的影响因素的结构模型,并分析了影响个人报酬的显著性因素。研究结果显示,个人报酬受团队绩效和个人绩效的重要影响,团队绩效与个人绩效存在双向互动作用。     

经理报酬激励方案的设计

经理报酬激励方案可以使股东和经理具有相同的利益,使经理努力提高企业的价值,实现企业财富最大化目标。经理报酬激励方案设计的好坏,是整个企业运行的关键。在简要论述了经理报酬激励的理论基础、激励方式之后,探讨了报酬激励方案设计时应考虑的因素、设计的原则和设计的具体内容。     

薪酬与报酬、福利的关系研究

在人力资源管理中,薪酬与报酬、福利的关系对于企业薪酬管理与设计有着重要的作用。本文在对薪酬、报酬、福利的概念研究的基础上,对薪酬与报酬、薪酬与福利的关系进行了深入的探讨。     

中国证券市场会计师报酬研究——上市公司实证数据分析

支付给会计师事务所的审计费用是公司为其会计报表诚信所付出的代价 ,会计师若在此之外再从公司取得任何报酬 ,都会引起对会计师独立性和诚信的怀疑。因此 ,在诚信已成为社会关注焦点的今天 ,为公司财务报表进行审计的会计师所获得的报酬便成为公众广泛关注的重要问题。本文首次对我国上市公司2000和2001年支付给会计师的报酬及其披露情况进行了较为深入和全面的分析 ,发现半数以上公司未按规定披露支付给会计师的报酬 ,认为咨询费用尚未对我国会计师的独立性和诚信产生重大影响。文章又运用因素分析法探讨了会计、审计准则和法律环境的变化 ,工作效率的改进和供求关系的变化对审计费用的影响 ,并运用模式法对影响审计费用的因素进行了实证分析 ,发现审计费用与公司总资产、子公司个数、资产负债率、审计意见类型等因素显性相关 ,公司在2001年比2000年为诚信付出了更高的代价。     

中国制造业企业创新活动的关键影响因素研究——基于江苏省制造业企业问卷的分析

本文在大量调查问卷基础上,以江苏省制造业企业为样本,从微观行为方式层面考察了影响企业创新活动的关键因素。研究结果表明:在控制了品牌、企业家背景、人力资本、行业与地区相关因素,企业规模与创新投入强度之间呈现较明显的倒U型关系,而且存在"门槛效应"。集聚效应在现阶段对企业的创新活动非但没有产生促进作用,相反产生一定负面影响。出口因素对企业的创新活动形成了复杂影响效应,表现在创新活动随着出口比例而发生非线性变化,呈现出"俘获"效应。在统计分析的基础上,本文进一步探讨了企业产品更新与升级换代进程中的关键影响因素和行为模式,验证了不同规模企业的创新行为特征差异与特有的人力资本竞争机制,以及它们对企业创新行为的内在作用机理。     

内部营销对创业型企业员工留任意愿的影响研究:组织社会化程度的中介效应

高离职率一直困扰着创业型企业的管理者。以往有关离职问题的研究多聚焦在离职时,个体、组织以及组织外因素的影响方面。创业型企业员工的离职与入职是并存的。以组织社会化程度为中介变量,探讨内部营销与创业型企业员工留任意愿的关系,具有理论的创新性和现实的紧迫性。本研究以比例分层抽样法进行抽样,回收有效问卷744份。研究结果发现:内部营销中的培训发展、奖赏制度、内部沟通对留任意愿均有显著正向关系,其中培训发展有极显著正向影响;内部营销对组织社会化程度有显著正向影响;在内部营销对留任意愿的影响中,组织社会化程度有部分中介效果,另外,通过方差分析得出了部分人口统计学变量、个体特质因素和外部情景因素对主研究变量有一定影响。     

薪酬委员会独立性与更高的经理人报酬—业绩敏感度——基于薪酬辩护假说的分析和检验

本文提出并初步实证检验了"薪酬辩护假说"。首先,本文论证提出了薪酬辩护假说,并基于它提出了薪酬辩护假说之子假说——当经理人有着薪酬辩护需求和较强能力影响公司薪酬政策制定时,在薪酬辩护净效用增加的情形下会通过经理人报酬—业绩敏感度的提高来为薪酬做"结果正当性"辩护。本文对此进行了检验,结果发现:在经理人薪酬辩护需求强烈的国有控股上市公司中,相对于经理人没有兼任薪酬委员会委员的企业,经理人兼任薪酬委员会委员的企业经理人报酬—业绩敏感度显著更高,且经理人兼任薪酬委员会委员与更高的报酬—业绩敏感度之关联主要出现在相对薪酬较高、相对业绩较好和公司所在地区市场化程度相对较低的公司之中,这说明经理人报酬—业绩敏感度之提高是出于经理人薪酬辩护之需,是经理人自利行为的表现。本文为经理人的薪酬辩护假说提供了初步的经验证据。需指出的是,虽然本文的假说推断和发现与主流代理理论预期不一致,但本文的研究并不意味着从经济后果来看,经理人兼任薪酬委员会委员的国有控股上市公司代理成本更高。     

基于BP神经网络的上市公司CEO报酬实证研究

近年来的研究表明,CEO报酬不仅受公司业绩的影响,还受到其他诸多因素的影响,而且,CEO报酬与其决定因素之间往往存在着非线性关系。本文以2003-2005年沪深股市的A股上市公司为样本,采用BP神经网络对CEO总报酬、CEO年薪、CEO持股价值及其决定因素分别进行训练和学习,结果表明:(1)网络训练输出值与实际值的拟合度分别达到91.09%、97.23%和78.44%;(2)网络的预测能力相对于传统的线性回归模型分别提高了92.72%、92.08%和53.89%。因此,本文认为在分析和确定CEO报酬水平时引入神经网络模型是可行的。     

经理报酬棘轮效应与相对业绩评价模型的选择

通过对上市公司总经理报酬与公司业绩关系的实证检验,发现净资产收益率和股票回报率对报酬有显著的正向影响,但报酬与业绩间不敏感.导致报酬与业绩间缺乏敏感性的原因之一是报酬棘轮效应的存在.检验了报酬棘轮效应的存在与方式,发现基于同行业同规模企业加总股票回报业绩的报酬棘轮效应存在,运用基于同行业同规模企业加总股票回报业绩作为参照业绩的相对业绩评价模型,可以避免棘轮效应的影响,提高报酬契约激励效率.     

Considering the shareholder perspective: value-based management systems and stock market performance

We empirically study the use of value-based management systems in listed German firms and examine implications for firms’ stock market performance. Using a novel, hand-collected data set covering 1,083 firm years from 2002 to 2008, we find that value-based management systems become increasingly common. Specifically, in 2008 42% of our sample firms have implemented such a system. In the empirical analysis, we find that firms implementing value-based management systems earn both statistically significant and economically substantial abnormal stock market returns measured within a 2-year adoption phase. These excess returns are not jeopardized by poor post-adoption returns. In the analysis, we carefully control for risk and account for endogeneity concerns. Overall, our findings support the view that shareholders consider the adoption of a value-based management system as a credible signal that management will focus on shareholder interests and that such systems actually increase shareholder value.     

财务指标在股票投资决策中的有用性:基于中国证券市场的实证研究

本文以中国A股上市公司为研究对象,采用因子分析和Logistic回归分析的方法,研究财务指标对股票超额回报的解释能力。研究发现,就A股市场整体而言,通过财务指标预测股票超额回报的能力没有得到有力的证明,但回归模型对超额回报预测的准确率高于随机分布的准确率,表明市场上还是存在一定的盈利模式；影响股票超额回报的财务指标随时间变化而变化,表明中国证券市场尚未成熟稳定；而且,反映公司发展能力的财务指标几乎出现在所有的回归结果中,表明此类财务指标对股票投资者具有较强的指导意义。     

Family Control and Stock Market Reactions to Innovation Announcements

Although family firms are common around the world, studies on family‐controlled business are limited. Prior studies mainly focused on the influences of family ownership on overall firm performance, and the results were mixed. In this study we attempted to explore the impacts of family ownership on innovation by examining the association of family control and stock market reactions to innovation announcements. We found that firms with greater family control experienced significantly more negative stock market reactions to innovation announcements. The results further indicated that divergence of cash flow and voting rights was strongly and negatively correlated with announcement‐period abnormal returns. In addition, the findings suggested a significantly positive moderating effect of institutional ownership. The conclusions were robust under various measures of family control, and remained valid after controlling other influential factors for stock market reactions to innovation announcements.     

International alliance formation and stock market responses:: Industry globalization as an environmental contingency

This study examines the effects of the degree of industry globalization on international alliance formation in terms of the type of alliance chosen by partner firms and stock market responses to the chosen type of alliance. Using a sample of 244 international alliances formed between U.S. and non-U.S. firms for the 1992–97 period, we find that nonjoint venture (joint venture) alliances take place relatively more frequently in global (multidomestic) industries than in multidomestic (global) industries. We also find that in global industries, abnormal returns to nonjoint venture partners are relatively greater than those to joint venture partners, whereas in multidomestic industries, abnormal returns to nonjoint venture partners are relatively smaller, though insignificant, than those to joint venture partners. Our findings suggest that the degree of industry globalization plays an important role in explaining which type of international alliance is likely to be chosen by partner firms when entering an alliance and how stock markets tend to respond to the chosen type of alliance.     

股价历史新高会导致股票收益异常吗?——来自中国A股市场的证据

股价历史新高作为股票市场中的一种异常极端事件,往往会带来投资者的高度关注。本文利用简单超额收益模型,对中国A股市场1995年至2011年间的股价历史新高事件进行研究,分析注意力因素对股价历史新高后股票收益的影响。研究发现,股价历史新高后存在股票收益异常现象,具体表现为短期内显著的正超额收益与后续期间股票收益的显著反转,本文称这种现象为"新高效应";通过对不同注意力条件与市场态势下的样本进行比较,发现实际历史新高比名义历史新高拥有更强的"新高效应",并且牛市中的"新高效应"也比熊市中表现得更为强烈。进一步地,用超额新闻量作为注意力的衡量指标,实证发现注意力是"新高效应"产生的重要影响因素。     

我国证券市场过度反应后短期行为研究

本文通过平均收益率计算方法,系统地比较了沪市和深市短期过度反应行为及其后的累积超额收益率变化特征。本文的研究认为:当股票发生负向的异常波动时,沪深两市都表现出明显的过度反应现象,但是如果考虑交易成本,则累积超额收益没有经济意义;而在股票发生正向异常波动后,过度反应现象不显著;统计检验结果和回归模型结果都证明了我国证券市场不存在明显的"1月效应"或者"2月效应"(也称做"新年效应"),而是存在明显的"3月效应"和"12月效应"。股票在发生正向的异常波动时,沪深两市事件日的波动幅度与其后的累积超额收益的波动幅度没有明显的相关关系,而在发生负向的异常波动时,两市均在第5天后表现出明显的强相关特性。     

Improving supply chain responsiveness through Advanced Manufacturing Technology: the mediating role of internal and external integration

Abstract

Responsiveness is one of the key performance factors that firms need to face up to the challenges posed by today’s markets. Many manufacturing firms are investing in advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) with a view to improving competitiveness. However, empirical evidence shows that investments in AMT alone do not lead to improvements in performance. In this study, a model that links AMT implementation and responsiveness through internal integration and external integration is proposed. A sample of 441 Spanish industrial companies was used to test the model through structural equation modelling. The findings highlight that internal integration needs to be supplemented with external integration in order to ensure that the implementation of AMT will result in improved responsiveness. Supply chain managers should focus on integration within the supply chain – firstly internal and later external – to obtain returns on investments in AMT in the form of improved flexibility and more reliable and faster deliveries.     

Strategic sustainability and financial performance: exploring abnormal returns

The ongoing empirical debate about whether SRI is associated, if anything, with subpar or surpassing financial performance is characterized by a somewhat indistinct focus and the infeasibility of tapping the full potential of existing models. By indistinct focus, we mean an analysis based on an aggregation of a myriad of SRI factors that potentially affect a firm’s financial performance. The inability of taking full advantage of existing models is reflected by the fact that studies with European data have not been able to comprehensively account for systematic risk tilts. This paper presents a portfolio analysis that overcomes these issues by analyzing a distinct selection of small and innovative firms. We argue that both their strategic implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility and the general growth in socially responsible investments (SRI) lend themselves to an explanation for positive abnormal returns of this portfolio. We account for the idiosyncratic investment style of SRI by introducing a comprehensive pan-European risk-adjusted portfolio analysis based on the Carhart four-factor model. A novel propensity score matching method in conjunction with the estimation of structural models completes the conventional robustness checks in the literature.     

Measuring the Performance of Acquisitions: An Empirical Investigation Using Multiple Criteria

The performance of corporate acquisitions is a popular research topic. Researchers have employed various criteria in their attempt to evaluate acquisition performance. This paper replicates and extends a previous study by investigating the comparability of the three most widely used measures of acquisition performance, namely accounting‐based measures, cumulative abnormal returns and managers' subjective assessments, in a non‐Anglo Saxon setting. Empirical testing is based on a sample of 50 domestic acquisitions carried out by Greek firms. Overall, results from the three measures indicate failure rates from 50% to 60%. However, the most impressive finding stems from the comparison (correlation analysis) of the alternative measures. Accounting‐based measures are positively correlated to managers' subjective assessments. Contrarily, cumulative abnormal returns are not correlated to either accounting‐based measures or managers' subjective assessments. This lack of statistically significant relationships between the performance criteria may provide a plausible basis for explaining some of the contradictory results often reported in the mergers and acquisitions literature. In light of these findings, we discuss their implications for both theory and practice and suggest ideas for future research.     

机构投资者持股与企业应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理行为选择

采用异常操控性项目的计算方法度量企业应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理程度,以2003年至2011年中国上市公司为研究样本,构建多元线性回归模型和联立方程模型,考察机构投资者持股对应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理行为选择的影响。研究结果表明,机构投资者持股比例与真实盈余管理程度显著负相关,与应计盈余管理程度显著正相关;对机构投资者明细类别的检验结果发现这种相关关系在投资基金、证券公司、QFII、保险公司和社保基金这5类机构投资者中均存在,但企业年金、信托公司、财务公司和银行持股对盈余管理行为的影响不显著;按照机构投资者持股规模、股权分置改革和终极控制人性质的分组检验结果表明,这种相关关系在不同的内外部环境中均存在,且相对于国有控股上市公司,非国有控股上市公司中机构投资者抑制真实盈余管理行为的作用更强;机构投资者持股与整体盈余管理程度显著负相关。