小议高职院校管理信息化建设

文章从诠释高职院校管理信息化建设的内涵入手，阐述了高职院校管理信息化建设的意义，指出了当前高职院校管理信息化进程中存在的问题，最后针对高职院校进行管理信息化建设提出了若干建议。     

大数据时代下高职学生管理信息化建设研究

高职教育受到社会各界越来越多的重视,高职学生管理工作是高职院校教育教学活动有序开展的重要前提,在大数据时代的背景下,高职院校必须紧跟时代潮流,充分借助数据技术推进高职学生管理工作的创新,同时推进高职学生管理信息化建设。因此,文章从大数据对高职学生管理工作的重要性出发,分析了现阶段高职学生管理工作存在的问题,并针对如何推进高职学生管理的信息化建设提出了相关建议。     

高职物流管理专业教师压力归因与对策分析

教师工作压力在各级教育领域普遍存在,高职物流管理专业教师也不例外。文章分析了高职物流管理教师压力的主要来源,如教学的压力、专业知识薄弱的压力、实践能力欠缺的压力、科研的压力等,并为了缓解高职物流管理专业教师的压力,针对上述问题提出了相应的对策。     

高职教育管理生态环境的改革与创新的几点思考

简单地说,高职教育管理生态环境,就是与高职教育管理活动关联密切的各种环境因素的总和,主要包括管理者、管理对象、管理运行等。不和谐的管理生态环境,将在很大程度上影响并制约学校管理的成绩和效果。因此,本文针对高职教育管理生态环境的改革与创新的问题,提出了几点思考。     

浅谈高职院校教学档案信息化管理

随着高职院校教学改革的不断深化发展以及办学规模的不断扩大,教学档案管理工作不断出现新的内容与问题,工作量日益增大。根据高职院校教学改革的具体情况,针对教学档案管理工作的具体内容,提出了高职院校教学档案信息化管理所存在的问题,并分析了解决教学档案信息化管理问题的对策     

卫生类高职院校学生现状及思政工作开展初探

高职院校学生是一类特殊的群体,在学习生活过程中面临许多困难。文章针对卫生类高职院校男生少女生多的现象,结合高职院校学生特点及存在问题提出了针对性的管理方法。     

制定基于职业生涯发展的管理策略——江苏高职校教师职业生涯规划管理情况调研

本文从教师职业生涯规划管理的角度,对江苏的高职院校进行了调研,并针对学校层面提出了一些建议。     

探讨高职院校图书馆的知识管理及其应用策略

对于高职院校的学生而言,高职院校图书馆是其获取知识认识世界的重要平台,在构建高职院校图书馆这一平台的过程中,高职院校中的文化建设、高职院校学生自身的知识体系建设与未来发展、我国相关教育政策的落实程度都会受到很大的影响。对于高职院校图书馆而言,通过合理科学的知识管理策略,能够对整个高职院校图书馆的运作体系加以完善。可见,知识管理策略是否得到了合理运用会直接关系到高职院校图书馆的建设质量。所以,就必须对高职院校图书馆的知识管理策略予以更多的重视。本文针对高职院校图书馆知识管理策略进行研究,首先分析了高职院校图书馆知识管理的概念,并论述了高职院校知识管理的内容,分析了高职院校图书馆应用知识管理的重要性,最后就如何完善高职院校图书馆知识管理的应用提出了一些策略。     

对高职实验室建设的几点改革建议

高职院校的任务是培养技能型、应用型人才,满足社会生产、加工、建设、服务等行业与企业一线技术人员的需求。实验室的建设与管理尤为重要。本文提出了高职实验室管理存在的问题及笔者学院针对这些问题的解决方法。     

心理契约视角下的高职院校青年教师管理研究

心理契约是联系员工与组织之间的心理纽带,也是影响员工行为和态度的重要因素,从心理契约的角度研究高职院校青年教师的管理具有十分重要的意义。文章结合高职院校青年教师队伍的特点,针对目前高职院校青年教师管理中存在的问题,从心理契约的视角提出了相应的解决对策。     

Structural shifts in the employment of foreign workers in Austria

The full economic importance of immigration becomes clear only when one examines the concentration of immigrant workers in certain industries and occupations, and this is done in the case of Austria to show the degree of segmentation of the labor market between indigenous and foreign labor. In the course of the 1960s the employment of foreign labor gained importance in Austria. As a consequence, bilateral agreements with the major recruiting countries were made, e.g., with Spain in 1962 and 1969, with Turkey in 1964, and with Yugoslavia in 1966. The reason for the increasing demand for foreign labor was the short supply of indigenous labor due to increasing participation rates and strong economic growth. The demand-pull for foreign labor gained momentum with the onset of the economic boom in 1970, so that by the end of 1973 the number of foreign workers had doubled in comparison to 1970. The 226,800 foreign workers accounted for 8.7% of total employment. The 1974-75 recession and the weak economic development ever since resulted in a decreasing demand for labor. At the same time, the supply of indigenous labor increased as a consequence of a demographic effect and because of increasing participation rates of women. From 1981 to the present, foreign employment decreased again due to the unusually long period of economic stagnation. During 1983, 145,300 foreign workers were engaged, i.e., 5.3% of total employment. The structure for foreign employment now differs greatly from that in the 1960s. The share of women in foreign employment has increased steadily from some 20% in the early 1960s to 31% in 1973 and 40% in 1983 -- a value comparable to the Austrian female share in employment. The reduction of foreign employment since 1973 affected, above all, Yugoslav men. the share of Yugoslavs in foreign employment decreased from 196,300 or 79% in 1973 to 92,200 or 61.7% in 1983. With the duration of foreign employment rising, the disribution of foreign labor over economic branches increased. In the early 1960s the employment of foreign workers was concentrated in 3 branches -- the construction sector (32% of all foreign workers), metal industries (16%), and textile industries (10%). In 1982 only 1/3 of all foreign workers were still employed in these branches as an infiltration by foreign labor had taken place in all sectors. The services sector showed the greatest increase in foreign employment since 1975. There has never been as strong a concentration of 1 nationality in a particular economic branch as in Switzerland, Germany, or France. Case studies in Austria reveal that it was an explicit policy for firms (and also unions and entrepreneur representatives) not to depend on only 1 nationality of foreign workers. According to the case studies, about 1/3 of all foreign workers today occupy jobs which are in direct competition with indigenous labor. Another 1/3 fill jobs which are complementary to indigenous labor. For the remainder it is difficult to say to what extent they belong to one or the other segment of the labor market, because there is no information available on the occupational job structure.     

Compensation of Foreign and Domestic Nurses in the US

This study tests the union skill homogeneity hypothesis by examining whether the erosion of foreign-domestic wage differentials reported in past studies varies by union status. We argue that the common practice of unions negotiating standardized wages promotes skill homogeneity that allows high credential-low unmeasured skill foreign nurses the opportunity to receive wages that match high credential domestic nurses without foreign nurses relying heavily on their labor mobility. Findings show returns to domestic experience accrue faster for foreign nurses belonging to a union compared to returns for non-union foreign nurses. In general, findings on pension coverage indicate foreign nurses also benefit from belonging to a union, while findings on employer sponsored health care benefits indicate a lack of any notable differences in the receipt of this compensation by foreign and union status.     

Structural Risks of Foreign Liabilities: Impact of Investment Income Repatriation in Emerging Economies

This paper explores the structure of foreign liabilities, the extent of capital repatriation in the form of investment income of foreign investors and its impact in emerging markets. The concept “coverage ratio of foreign investment” is introduced, which is defined as the share of total income repatriated by foreign investors in the respective cumulative inflows of the financial account. The impact of foreign investors’ returns onto external imbalances in emerging economies is studied empirically. The tendency of growing role of the investment income balance in the formation of the current account balance reveals new threats for the emerging economies.     

The Role of Foreign Banks in Poland

The paper examines the process of the Polish banking sector's internationalisation, with a particular intention of describing incentives and the impact of foreign banks entry. In order to carry out an assessment of changes in the banking market structure and banks' performance, the study introduces arguments and motivations of foreign capital inflow into local financial systems with implications for the stability and the development of the banking sector. The role of foreign capital in the Polish economy derives from an analysis of the effects of foreign banks penetration, in terms of changes in competitiveness, efficiency, and stability of the banking sector. An assessment of concentration level and development prospects have also been included.     

新形势下上海引进外资问题研究

基于新形势下上海引进外资出现的新情况、新问题,通过对上海投资环境、定位和区位的具体分析,建立上海吸引高端外资的系统框架,并提出上海在市场开放方面,应扩大外资进入领域,鼓励外资投向"上海制造"、"上海服务"、"上海创造"的高端产业,依次引导外资的产业结构升级;在投资环境方面,应建立统一和可预见的法制环境,完善社会信用制度,以此维护市场的竞争秩序;在市场准入方面,应放宽行业限制,不断调整和优化利用外资结构。     

Negative impact induced by foreign workers: Evidence in Malaysian construction sector

Though foreign workers served to overcome the labor shortage in the Malaysian construction market, over-dependence on foreign workers and the negative impacts induced have become a serious social problem. The aims of this research are to identify those negative impacts induced by foreign workers in the Malaysian construction market and to determine strategies in minimizing these negative impacts. Data were collected through a structured interview and survey. The questionnaires were delegated to professionals in construction projects who have direct contacts with foreign workers. Only respondents from those companies registered under the CIDB grade G7 were chosen for this survey. There were 117 sets of questionnaires completed and analyzed through the structured interviews. The three principal factors attracting foreign workers to the Malaysian construction market are “Preference of the employers”, “Lifestyle and working conditions”, and “Unattractiveness of the career pathway”. The main negative impacts induced by foreign workers are “Over-dependence on foreign workers”, “Increment in criminal activities or social problems”, and “Existence of illegal workers”. This research proposes that strategies such as “Attract local workers into the construction industry”, “Industrialized Building Systems”, “Eliminate illegal migration”, and “Improve governance structure” would be successful in minimizing negative impacts induced by foreign workers.     

大学英语教学中学习者母语素质现状及培养策略

在外语教学中,对目的语国家的文化内容介绍已受到重视,但是母语文化的外语表达也不容忽视。文章从教材、课程设置、教师素质等方面对外语教学中母语文化的现状及成因做出分析,并就大学英语教育中如何提高学习者母语素质的问题提出了五点建议。     

International Tax Competition: A Case for International Cooperation in Globalization

The liberalization of international financial flows and foreign direct investment has induced countries to use diverse measures to attract inflow of foreign capital and foreign direct investment, which is expected to have a positive effect on the growth of GDP and thus a positive effect on social welfare. Tax exemption, reduction of tax rate, tax holiday, or diverse subsidies are some of the most important measures used. In this paper we study international tax cooperation, i.e., countries change and especially reduce tax rate for corporate income or for asset revenues to attract inflow of foreign direct investment. Both theoretical and empirical studies have shown the sensibility of foreign direct investment decision with respect to tax rate differences between home countries and host countries. In general, more inflow of foreign direct investment can be expected if the tax rate of the home country is lower than that of foreign countries. This is the main reason for international tax cooperation. In this paper we propose a simple model to prove the sub-optimal Nash non cooperative solution in a two-country tax-competition game. The model shows that international tax cooperation can improve welfare of the participating countries. How to reach a cooperative solution for an international tax competition game (ITCG) is therefore an important issue for further discussions and studies. International institutions can play a crucial role to reach international tax cooperation or international tax harmonization.     

Labour segmentation and outmigration in Japan: Evidence using firm–worker matching data

Determinants of foreigner outmigration from host countries have attracted considerable attention. However, minimal research examines the influence of firms’ working environments. Although the third largest economy, Japan's inability to attract skilled foreign labour remains a concern. This study is the first to investigate the effect of Japanese firms’ labour segmentation practices on foreign workers’ outmigration intentions. Segmentation refers to firms’ concentration on foreigner-specific skills, regarding foreign labour as complementary to local workers. This is widely practised because of immigration policy's avoidance of substituting Japanese labour or causing unemployment. The findings suggest that although foreigner-specific skills are highly valued in Japan, segmentation could significantly increase foreign workers’ outmigration intention. The lifetime employment system in Japan, job satisfaction and original migration motivations also affect outmigration. The results indicate that Japanese policies encouraging firms to employ foreign workers as complementary may harm its attractiveness to skilled foreign labour.     

城市外籍人口管理研究——以广州为例

中国巨大的发展成就吸引越来越多的外国人来到中国,这种趋势既是外籍人员趋利行为的结果,也是中国更多融入国际劳动力市场的表现,外籍人口问题将逐渐从社会边缘性问题向社会重大问题转变,广州的非籍人口问题就是这种转变的初现端倪,中国崛起必将迎来外籍人口问题的挑战。从美国民族融合的历程看,老移民把自己看作正统美国人,从维护自身利益出发,以偏见和歧视对待新移民,力图强迫新移民按照他们的要求进行"美国化",这种做法使种族矛盾越演越烈,历经多年仍然余毒未消。预见到我国外籍人口问题的发展趋势,有必要反思美国的移民社会融合教训,结合具有代表性的广州外籍人口问题,把广州在推进外籍人口社会融合方面的探索和创新上升到国家战略试点的高度予以重视,从经济融入、社会融入、文化融合、结构融合和身份认同的角度入手,探索符合中国经济社会状况的外籍人口社会融合的方式。