外来劳动力聚集地区的户籍与劳动管理体制改革问题

论文综述了近年来中国户籍制度改革的情况 ,对户籍改革领先地区的人口与区位特征作了分析 ,指出目前的户籍制度改革对外来劳动力聚集地区的户籍管理制度带来明显的冲击。由于外来劳动力聚集地区的人口与区位特征 ,使这些地区的改革难度比较大 ,因此论文对外来劳动力聚集地区的户籍改革问题提出一些看法。     

市场经济的发展与我国户籍制度的改革

本文从经济基础与上层建筑相互关系原理出发 ,深入浅出地论证了户籍制度与经济体制的关系 ,并揭示了在计划经济体制向市场经济体制转轨过程中户籍制度改革的滞后性和存在问题 ,阐明了市场经济运作条件和规律对户籍改革的本质要求 ,指出了深化户籍制度改革的基本原则和方向 ,从我国的实际情况出发 ,提出了户籍制度改革的主要对策建议     

日本户籍制度与居民基本台账制度及其对完善我国户籍制度的启示

由于世界各国历史文化传统和政治理念等方面的原因,户籍制度并不是所有国家掌握人口情况、有效实施社会管理的唯一模式,而日本是实行户籍制度模式的发达国家之一,其户籍登记制度的历史背景及实施的模式与我国有许多近似之处。因此,对日本户籍制度作一深入、全面了解,并与中国户籍制度进行比较研究,具有重要理论和实践意义。文章在对日本相关法律文献分析研究基础上,对包括户籍制度和居民基本台账制度的日本户籍体系作了较为全面的评述,通过与中国现行户籍制度比较,结合我国正在进行的户籍制度的改革实践,对我国实行户籍制度的合理性、户籍体系的构建、户籍编制单位、户籍登记事项的确定、违反户籍制度的法律责任等问题进行了研究探讨。     

城市户籍制度改革与流动人口社会融合

户籍制度是城乡二元结构的基础性制度,是阻碍流动人口实现社会融合的主要制度性障碍。本文分析了户籍制度对流动人口公共服务和社会福利所造成的歧视性排斥．回顾了改革开放以来城市户籍制度的改革与探索,并对推动城市户籍改革、促进流动人口社会融合提出四个基本的思路,包括：第一,使户籍制度逐步与相关福利制度脱钩;第二,对外来人口社会福利和公共服务实行渐进性的增量改革;第三,扩大从外来移民到本地户籍人口的制度通道;第四,推动城市户籍改革和区域户籍改革的联动。     

我国统筹城乡户籍制度改革的理性思考

户籍本身只是一种人口登记制度,而我国的户籍却附加了由体制引起的过多的权利,演变成与户口性质和登记地相挂钩的权利界定和利益分配制度。户籍制度本身并不复杂,但附加在户籍制度之上的相关社会经济政策以及由此形成的社会利益分配格局却是错综复杂的。统筹城乡发展,进行户籍制度改革,关键是突破城乡二元体制障碍,剥离附加在户口上的权益和福利,构建统一国民待遇福利体系,真正发挥户籍的人口管理功能,促进人口资源的有效配置。     

基于户籍制度改革的“成都样本”思考

2003年成都统筹城乡发展以来陆续改革户籍政策,并于2010年底出台了《关于全域成都城乡统一户籍实现居民自由迁徙的意见》。《意见》引发了国内舆论界和理论界的热评。笔者仅以成都的户籍制度改革为样本,从制度变迁的角度阐释户籍制度改革的核心与重点,并以此为基础,分析成都户籍制度改革的路径,提出进一步推进户籍制度改革面临的难题,以为我国其它省市户籍制度改革提供经验借鉴。     

开放抑或保守——广东省户籍迁入政策松紧度研究:1990—2013

衡量广东省户籍迁移政策是否趋于宽松,应主要依据户籍迁入政策的实际效果进行评价。分析广东省1990-2013年户口迁移时序数据以及2012年横截面数据后发现,从开放走向保守,是1990-2013年广东省户籍迁入政策的总体趋势。与总体趋势相异的是,针对省外人口的户籍迁入开放度低位提升,珠三角地区相对开放,个别地市开放度较高。户籍迁移政策自身限制性的强化是造成保守结果的主要原因,应扭转户口迁移政策的保守趋向,省外求增量、省内调结构,以"人的城镇化"为导向完善户籍迁移制度改革。     

基于层次分析法的统筹城乡户籍制度改革政策评价的应用研究CSSCI

目前我国不少地区都开展了户籍制度改革,但是不少地区户籍制度改革最后结果都存在着收效甚微的问题,究其原因在于户籍制度改革相关的评价机制建立和完善存在着严重的空白,因此,户籍制度改革的相关政策评价体系建立是一项至关重要和迫切实施的工作。本文将层次分析法引入到户籍制度改革政策评价中,将复杂的户籍制度改革主要政策指标定量化并确定其权重,以为全面了解户籍制度改革可行性和有效性提供重要的方法支持;最后得出相应的结论并提出了相关的政策建议。     

均衡与补短:户籍制度改革下一步发展——基于基本公共服务均等化视角

推动基本公共服务均等化是户籍制度改革的核心.户籍制度改革的重点,是剥离黏附于户籍制度的各项公共福利,减少户籍的附加值和含金量,消除户籍制度带来的人口隔离和社会分层,使人口迁移和流动更加理性和有序.推动基本公共服务均等化,需要将均衡性公共产品向弱势群体和落后地区倾斜,以补齐短板,同时建构大中小城市均衡的公共服务供给体系.在户籍制度改革中,注重保护农民权益,允许农民"带地"进城落户,实施差别化和多元化户籍制度改革政策和措施.     

关于一元户籍制度改革的农民态度调查研究——以荆门市掇刀区为例

荆门市掇刀区是湖北省户籍制度改革的试点区之一。本文对荆门市掇刀区一元户籍改革中的农民态度及影响因素进行调查与分析,得出三个方面的结论:其一,农村居民普遍支持户籍制度改革;其二,影响农民态度的因素主要有政策因素、保障因素、经济因素和城市吸引因素;其三,农民最关心的是政策因素的影响,改革不是一蹴而就的,需要一个渐进式的发展过程。本文提出相关政策建议,以期深化一元户籍改革,推动城乡一体化建设。     

Differentials in divorce in maryland

The basic data needed for measurement of the risks of termination of the legal relationship of marriage by characteristics of the marital partners are not available at this time for the United States because the national divorce registration area includes less than half the States. Special studies based on selected census data or the records of marriages and divorces occurring in one State or community have provided much of the valuable but limited information at hand. Statistics for individual States are subject to substantial bias as a consequence of inter-State migration between time of marriage and time of divorce, but they must serve as a basic data source until national reporting has improved. A record linkage study was undertaken which tied marriages occurring in the State of Maryland in 1959 with divorces occurring in the State in the years 1959–66. Relative, not actual, divorce risks by race, age at marriage, and previous marital status were calculated for couples with at least one partner an in-State resident at the time of marriage. The dissolution rate was higher for whites than for nonwhites. Marriages contracted by persons at very youthful ages and by persons who had been married previously were found subject to greater than average risks of dissolution through divorce.     

城市计划生育技术服务方式创新--南京市玄武区政府购买计划生育技术服务的实践

建立政府牵头、计卫联手、资源共享的计划生育技术服务体系 ,开展以知识普及、知情选择、随访服务、咨询指导、健康促进为主要内容的计划生育避孕节育和生殖保健优质服务 ,最大限度地满足社区育龄群众在计划生育和生殖保健方面的需求 ,是城市计划生育技术服务改革发展的方向1 。近几年 ,南京市玄武区计划生育局在区委、区政府的领导以及省市计生委的支持下 ,根据新时期城市计划生育工作改革发展要求 ,积极推进政府计划生育部门的职能转变 ,探索计划生育技术服务方式的改革创新 ,尝试依托社区医疗卫生和妇幼保健服务网络 ,由政府购买计划生育…     

Major Tasks in Health and Family Planning in China in 2015

On January 12,2015,at the regular press briefing of National Health and Family Planning Commission(NHFPC),NHFPC reported the major tasks in health and family planning in China in 2015.The details are as follows:In-depth Development of Medical and Health System Reform In-depth Development of Medical and Health System Reform.     

Increases in childlessness in New Zealand

New Zealand’s fertility fell below the theoretical replacement level (2.1 births per woman) for the first time in recorded history in 1978. It has hovered at or below replacement level ever since. The result, an impression of relative stability, belies changes taking place. Data from the 1981, 1996 and 2006 censuses show a pattern of delayed childbearing and increased childlessness. In a little over 30 years, childlessness has shifted from being almost entirely a consequence of a couple’s infecundity to being as frequently a result of a woman’s life choices. The steady rises in childlessness recorded by successive cohorts suggest that childlessness is already having a significant effect on New Zealand fertility. Patterns in characteristics of those women choosing not to start families, as well as subtle differences in these patterns between New Zealand and other developed nations, suggest that there is a significant potential for childlessness to cause a more dramatic shift in New Zealand’s total fertility rate. This analysis examines growth in childlessness in relation to marital status, country of birth, ethnicity, regional and urban differentials, religion, and educational attainment of women who were childless at the 1981, 1996 and 2006 censuses.

Shifts in Reproductive Patterns in China

The People's Republic of China, during the second half of the twentieth century, has been repeatedly affected by social and political upheavals associated with government policies. These have produced strong but unexpected impacts on Chinese demographic patterns. Many of these policies are of the sorts that alter reproductive costs and benefits. This study examines patterns in Hebei, Shaanxi, and Shanghai, three provinces with differing ecological, geographic, and economic characteristics. Government policies affected the three populations differentially; this was evident at both aggregate and individual levels. The Great Leap Forward and subsequent famine created higher birth deficits and mortality among the largely rural populations of Hebei and Shaanxi than the more urban Shanghai. In contrast, the Cultural Revolution and family planning resulted in lower fertility levels for women in Shanghai. The population history of China during the second half of last century thus reflects strong state interventions in the lives of its citizens. Government policies, along with regional variations in geographic, social, and economic conditions, strongly influence individual access to resources in China. Variations in timing and intensity of women's reproductive patterns reflect differential access to resources and subsequent trade-offs.     

Materialism in Pedagogy Students in Chile

Many studies have used Richins and Dawson’s (J Consum Res 19: 303–316, 1992) Material Values Scale (MVS), applying it to different types of populations that exhibit a particular psychometric behavior, and showing little stability in their factorial structure. In the present study, 1,070 pedagogy students from the northern, central and southern regions of Chile answered the MVS. This sample was randomly divided in two. Using the first sub-sample (N = 539), an exploratory factorial analysis was carried out, from which a structure of nine items was grouped into two factors called “Social Success” and “Personal Happiness”, which presented adequate reliability. Later, with the second sub-sample (N = 531), the factorial structure indicated above was put to the test through a confirmatory factorial analysis. The data from the model show that the scale contains 8 items in total, grouped into two dimensions. The factorial loads are significant at the level of 1 %, which indicates that the 2-factor structure can be confirmed. Finally—using the proposed structure—the presence of the students’ material values was evaluated.     

论西部开发中的城市发展问题

本文在对近20年来我国城市发展进行回顾与反思的基础上,提出了西部制定城市发展战略和选择城市发展道路的基本原则以及若干城市发展对策措施.     

Trends in life expectancy in wellbeing

Objectives: This paper describes anddiscusses trends in life expectancy inwellbeing between 1989 and 1998.Methods: Data on wellbeing by theBradburn Affect Balance Scale is obtained fromthe Netherlands Continuous Health InterviewSurveys for the calendar years from 1989 to1998. Using Sullivan's method, life expectancyin wellbeing is calculated.Results: For males at the age of 16, lifeexpectancy in wellbeing increases significantlyfrom 52.7 years in 1989 (90.1% of the totallife expectancy) to 54.4 years in 1998(90.8%). This increase is almost completelycaused by the increase in total lifeexpectancy. For females at the age of 16, lifeexpectancy in wellbeing raises significant from54.4 years in 1989 (84.1%) to 56.2 years in1998 (86.3%). This increase is almostcompletely caused by a decrease in the numberof years in a state of distress.For both males and females at the age of 65,the significant increase of life expectancy inwellbeing exceeds the increase in total lifeexpectancy and is mainly caused by the decreasein number of years in distress.Conclusion: Contrary to life expectancyin good perceived health and to disability freelife expectancy – which show a decreasing trend– the overall wellbeing of the population isincreasing. It seems that aspects in human lifethat contribute to wellbeing or quality of lifeother than physical health are gaining inimportance. This makes life expectancy inwellbeing a less appropriate instrument tomonitor changes in population health, but auseful instrument to measure population qualityof life.     

Changes in Living Standards and Depopulation in Latvia in the 1990s

Social Indicators Research -     

"非典"期间全国农村地区跨省流入人口调查数据分析

在2003年抗击非典的关键时期,国家人口和计划生育委员会进行了全国农村地区跨省流入人口的调查.本文着重分析这项调查所获得的数据,并对数据的一致性做出说明.既揭示了我国农村流动人口的基本特征和非典时期农村人口流动的规模和流向特点,又反映了非典对这一时期全国人口的流动所产生的影响,同时展示了我国抗击非典工作在农村地区所取得的成绩.