诗意的言说——人的本真的存在与审美之境界

人类此在在其根基上就是诗意的,诗意的言说是人生在世的本真的呈现.海德格尔阐释人"诗意地栖居",也就是人类过久地离开其本真的存在之后重新回到了自己的生命家园,世界获得了真实的意义,真理因之而敞开,美与艺术复归于本应属于自己的位置.诗意的言说是在倾听中的言说,它超越于语言表达的工具性,在无限动听中言说无限,是诗之艺术的存在和发生方式.     

“污秽”与道德秩序 评玛丽·道格拉斯的《洁净与危险》

一、污秽何以成为"问题"人行动的可能及其限度是现代社会科学面对的重要问题,但这一"问题"的浮现恰恰意味着人世道德系统的溃散与神圣之物遭遇亵渎的危机,是非曲直难以言说,行动无所适从。道德哲学可以为之说教,社会科学则力图在人的实践中发现并彰显有真实效力和作为事实的"道德",以约束"失范"的政治—经济世界,确保现代人作为道德人的自我持存(self-preservation)(涂尔干,[1893]2005:5)。     

仁学三书和学术真理——2007岁末感言

当今国内外文化和学术世界问题繁杂,但根本问题在于:学术功利和学术真理之间的根本对立.学术功利主义今日已成为全球商业化时代之结构性必然.本身受到传统思想拖累的人类人文科学及其伦理学,难以朝向学术思想真理之探索.在此情况下,中华孔孟伦理学,也就是仁学,由于其强调"为真理而真理"("朝闻道")的历史"诚学"精神,而可能被应用于未来人类人文科学和伦理学的革新实践,从而在全球人文科学商业市场化趋向中,引生一种仁学的、非功利主义的、理性主义的学理探讨之转向.为此必须克服中外两种时代思想倾向之局限:泛汉学主义(经验主义)之"中学"和后现代主义(非理性主义)之"西学".此二者各以不同的方式均朝向反学术理论化的思考方向.作为封建制度历史产物之"儒学"和作为永恒伦理思想之"仁学",必须加以区隔.作为中华民族历史上特有的伦理学思想--仁学,将可能成为未来国内外人文科学革新实践之精神基础.     

海德格尔如何克服形而上学

20世纪 30年代海德格尔思想经历的转折 (转向 )是论题域的重大改变 ,即从“回到形而上学基础”向“克服形而上学”的转向。它从“物之纯真”和“人之诗意栖居”两个方面敞开 ,形成了两大主题 :其一 ,在现代技术的展现中 ,思考“物的纯真”如何被剥夺 ;其二 ,寻求在一种诗意的“言说”与“栖居”中 ,切近并守护“物之纯真”。克服形而上学的问题 ,既是克服形而上学的现实 (作为形而上学之展现的现代技术 ) ,同时也是克服形而上学的思想文化 (哲学 )。“克服形而上学”关涉着更本源的“真” ,是海德格尔在现代工业文明的喧哗中对“思之本源”的探寻。     

现代性与启蒙

"现代"(modern)实际上是一个相当古老的词汇.英文中的modern源于拉丁文中的modernus,而拉丁文中的modernus大约在公元5世纪晚期就出现了.从此以后,"现代"这个词就被不断用于表达与过去不同的时代意识.     

心理学、生命政治与新自由主义治理

心理学是生命政治(biopolitics)、治理(govemmentality)和新自由主义(neo-liberalism)三者交错勾连和发挥作用的中介领域。心理学形式的生命是行使现代权力的主体和这种现代权力凝视的客体。它意味着通过各种心理学技术在人口层面对生命本身的心理治理。心理治理即指对心理学形式的生命主体化过程的指导和计算。主体性的再生产则是心理学形式的生命政治的真正本质。而它所依赖的个体自我治理的自由正是新自由主义实现自身的工具,并由此发明了一种被称为"心理人"(homo psychologieus)的人类存在的新模态。     

国学、汉学和"百年留学生文化"——兼论理性高于权威

原始仁学面对的自然、社会、知识环境与现代社会迥异,而原始仁学及其现代义解所共持者为:义利之辨和紫朱之辨."义利"为仁学伦理学之原则,"紫朱"(真伪)为仁学伦理学之方法.将二者运用于当前国内外学术现象,以新仁学之"义镜",反射出错综复杂的文化学术界之"利薮经纬":今日国学、汉学、留学文化所内嵌之功利主义固疾,实导致中华文化在物质性成就不断提升的同时,将结构性地降低其民族精神文化之水准.对治之策正是返归仁学精神本身.历史辩证法在于:最古老的东方伦理学智慧,在最现代的西方等符号方法论协助下,将有效提供人文科学现代化的认知标准和工具."伦理学"(传统原则)必须与知识论(现代工具)结合,才能成为有创造力的精神实践手段.     

Ardensky蓝宝石，传递商务时尚概念

蓝宝石是世界五大宝石之一。它象征忠诚、坚贞、希望和博爱,其晶莹剔透的颜色被视为吉祥之物,因有佑安好运免受罪恶伤害之意,故又称"命运之石"。近日,"Ardensky"(耶顿·香爱)蓝宝石首饰以中国第一高级商务     

释“表征性解释”——乔纳森·卡勒“文学经典论”的关键性概念

一、"表征性解释"的释义①所谓"表征性解释"(symptomatic interpretation),是乔纳森.卡勒在《文学理论》一书中讨论文学研究与文化研究的关系时提出的,与之相对应的概念是"鉴赏性解释"(appreciative interpretation)。②在卡勒看来,文学研究向文化研究转化的一个突出标志就是对于作品的解读方法     

单轴人:后期现代的符号危机

"后期现代"(Late Modernity)是很多文化学者从20世纪80年代就开始使用的术语,用来描述当今(西方)社会.例如,哈贝马斯、吉登斯、吉恩等."后期时代"与"后现代",不只是两个术语的区分,而是对当代社会性质的两种不同看法.     

Considering Improvisation: Play,Transitional Space,and Discovery

This article explores the concept of improvisation in the therapeutic setting as a complex construction when elaborated in the idiom of jazz music. A composite clinical case is offered that illustrates an impasse and how improvisational thinking offers a way forward. Improvisation has recently been conceptualized through the metaphor of theater improvisation, dance, and rhythm. The therapeutic hour is considered an improvisational dialogue with the main theme (melody) and counter melodies, and harmonic possibilities that underlie the rhythmic pulse of the hour. Improvisation requires a reflective/interpretive process that draws on patterns, structures, and experiences reformulated in the relational field of the participants. The client initiates the call and response pattern, from which improvisation emerges as a mutual process of discovery. A more relaxed, receptive, and reflective posture extends Winnicott’s 1971 notion of play to integrate classic understanding and relational interaction.     

Abstracts of theses: Smith College School for Social Work,July 1954

Abstract

Many clients relate in ways that elicit emotional responses in practitioners and may also feel pressure to intervene when appropriate action is not yet clear. Practitioners must develop sufficient self-awareness so their own reactions do not interfere with the work they do with clients. Educators exhort their students to be self-aware, but locating methods that foster the capacity can be difficult. Infant observation is an elegant training model that helps to develop self-awareness. The method described here makes use of regular observation, supportive small groups, and repeated detailed examination of what is seen in training both generalist and specialized practitioners. It has become a prototype for the observational study of several kinds of specific populations. Because it attends to people in their own environments and demonstrates a flexible, reflective, multi-modal manner of information-gathering, infant observation is particularly useful in the education of social work practitioners.     

India's Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Act: Assessing the quality of access and adequacy of benefits in MGNREGS public works

The extension of social protection to all has become a central policy objective, both nationally and internationally. A considerable number of middle‐ and low‐income countries have undertaken substantial efforts to extend social protection, while the international community reaffirmed its commitment to the extension of social protection through the adoption of the ILO Recommendation concerning National Floors of Social Protection, No. 202 (2012). This article reviews the legal provisions and the implementation of the Indian Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), legislated in 2005, and does so in the light of the more recent provisions of ILO Recommendation No. 202. Since its introduction ten years ago, MGNREGA has provided a source of income to rural workers, increased wage rates, achieved high female participation rates and created durable assets. India's local governance bodies, Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI), have been empowered and involved in the processes of planning and monitoring. However, despite successes, there have been considerable shortcomings in implementation. This article highlights two central themes: first, the innovative policy framework of the Act, which brings together rights‐based entitlements, demand‐driven employment, and citizen‐centred monitoring. Second, it assesses the accessibility and adequacy of benefits in the implementation of MGNREGA. We conclude that MGNREGA offers potential for South‐South learning, both in terms of policy‐design and implementation.     

From “Either‐Or” to “When and How”: A Context‐Dependent Model of Culture in Action

In this article, I outline a framework for the sociological study of culture that connects three intertwined elements of human culture (cultural motivations, resources, and meanings) and demonstrates the concrete contexts under which each most critically influences actions and their subsequent outcomes. In contrast to models that cast motivations, resources, and meanings as competing explanations of how culture affects action, I argue that these are fundamental constituent elements of culture that are inseparable, interdependent, and simultaneously operative. Which element provides the strongest link to action, and how this link operates, must be understood as a function of the actor's position within wider social contexts. I argue that on average motivations have the most discernable link to action within a social strata, cultural resources provide the strongest link across strata, and meanings have the greatest direct influence when codified and sanctioned. I then offer a reframing and synthesis that reintegrates previously “competing” theories of culture into a more holistic context‐dependent model of culture in action. Finally, I use evidence from prior empirical research, as well as new data from an ongoing ethnographic study of health behaviors among the aged, to show how various elements of culture are concretely linked to action in eight different social contexts. In doing so, I provide a roadmap for the transition out of the “either‐or” logic underlying much of cultural theory and reemphasize the importance of the classical sociological concern for “when” and “how” various aspects of culture influence action and outcomes in concrete social contexts.     

Microinsurance: A short history

Twenty years ago, the International Social Security Review published an article that introduced a new term to the vocabulary of development and social protection: Microinsurance. Now, twenty years later, it is suitable to take stock of the contribution of microinsurance towards promoting coverage and social security. The article reviews the main insights gained from 20 years of implementation, including a clear expression of the value proposition of health microinsurance, understanding the demand for microinsurance, the business process for successful implementation, and conditions that must be satisfied for scaling and sustainable operations. It also explains the context that led to a considerable divergence in the microinsurance space. The article offers a discussion of unresolved issues and thoughts about the future of microinsurance. The conclusion of this article is that microinsurance can flourish when the necessary four pillars for its implementation exist, namely mainstreaming through political support, enhanced insurance literacy of the customers, technical assistance to self‐administer the schemes, and availability of seed capital. The sufficient additional condition is that customers perceive microinsurance as offering welfare gains that cannot be obtained by other means.     

Culture,Place of Origin,and Service Delivery for Latino Older Adult Immigrants: The Case of Puerto Rican Older Adults

ABSTRACT

A conceptual model for the design and implementation of effective social services for Latino older adult immigrants in the United States is proposed in this article. Built on the stage-of-migration framework (Drachman, 1992 Drachman, D. 1992. A stage-of-migration framework for service to immigrant populations. Social Work, 37: 68–72. [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), the model presented shows how the premigration service experience of Latino older adults can be used as a basis for service design and implementation in the country of immigration. The case of Puerto Rican older adult immigrants is used to illustrate how the model can be applied to understand present service utilization and develop future programs that are useful and culturally sensitive for Latino older adult immigrants.     

Identifying Themes Regarding the Benefits and Limitations of Caregiver Support Group Conversations

Support groups continue to be one of the most needed and desired forms of help for family caregivers to persons with dementia. Though the effects of caregiver support group participation have been examined, the benefits and limitations of the dynamics of support group conversations have been neglected. This study focuses on the perceived consequences of group dynamics. Three themes—balance, sameness, and individuality—emerged through analysis of open-ended interviews with support group members following observations of their meetings. The consequences of these themes are illustrated with a case study and the implications of these themes for practitioners are discussed.     

Sonic Armatures

ABSTRACT

This article traces the construction of an acoustic regime in Renaissance Florence that was based on the casting, placement, and ringing of civic bells. In confronting the formidable but mute power of the defensive towers that dominated the city's skyline in the late middle ages, successive republican governments regulated these private towers with legislative restrictions while transforming them into a speaking architecture. The new civic bell towers played a crucial, if hitherto neglected role in the struggle to create the Florentine republic, which was the political ground upon which the cultural phenomenon of the Renaissance was founded. In contrast to the more antagonistic urbanistic policies that Florentine governments used to combat their enemies, however, the ringing of civic bells exploited the unifying power of religious bells—a power embedded in their role in uniting people into spiritual communities—to integrate its ideals, laws, and institutions into the soundscape of the city. As a result, the sonic armature created by these bells can be read as an evolving attempt to bind the social body to its architectural environment and to create a universal civic society that transcended more localized loyalties and whose existence guaranteed the legitimacy of its ruling bodies.     

时间与海德格尔的“时间性”

本文不是试图对海德格尔进行解释 ,而是试图从文本本身的角度质疑《存在与时间》中概念的矛盾性。《存在与时间》建立了一种新的 ,关于时间始源性问题的学说。时间的始源 ,被海德格尔称为“时间性”。时间性在此在分析中有中心地位 ,对时间作出了新的解释。然而时间性本身却是一个矛盾概念。时间性源于死的本真性 ;死所以是最本真的 ,因为死是必须此在自己去承担的存在可能性。如果以是否自己去承担为标准 ,那么此在能承担的存在可能性并不只有死。所以死不可能是最本真的。因而 ,时间性也不可能是始源性的时间学说。文章通过对时间性的分析指出 ,时间性学说是建立在对于时间的一般理解之上的。