基于变革型领导的职能多样性对团队内知识共享的影响研究

以146个团队数据为样本,探讨了中国情境下变革型领导对职能多样性团队内知识共享的调节影响及其内在作用机制.研究结果表明,变革型领导行为调节职能多样性与团队内知识共享间的关系,团队认同感在变革型领导行为的调节影响中起中介作用.具体而言,变革型领导行为通过提高下属团队认同感的程度增强职能多样性对团队内知识共享的正面作用,当变革型领导行为水平越高时,下属的团队认同感越高,职能多样性与知识共享的正向关系越强.     

团队成员目标取向与建言行为的关系:一个跨层分析

研究以国内某大型企业集团27个营销团队共201名团队成员为研究对象,采用多水平研究方法,通过构建多层数据模型(HLM),以自我激励和个体-情景互动理论为框架对团队成员个体目标导向、团队氛围和员工建言行为的关系进行了探讨.研究发现目标导向不同的个体,其建言行为也有差异,相对于发展导向,表现导向的个体更多地卷入建言行为.团队心理安全感不仅对员工建言行为有直接显著影响,而且在个体目标导向(表现导向)与建言行为的关系中有正向的跨层调节效应:团队心理安全感越高,表现导向的个体越倾向于建言行为,团队心理安全感越低,表现导向与建言行为的关系越不明显.团队氛围对于其他目标导向与建言行为关系的跨层调节效果不显著.     

团队成员学习目标导向离散化与团队创造力研究

以来自38家企业、79个团队的主管与下属配对的428套样本,基于社会共享认知和信息决策视角,构建一个有中介的调节模型,探讨团队成员学习目标导向离散化影响团队创造力的中介机制及其边界条件.研究结果表明,团队成员学习目标导向离散化抑制团队创造力,团队学习行为在团队成员学习目标导向离散化与团队创造力之间发挥中介作用;共享团队愿景显著减缓团队成员学习目标导向离散化对团队学习行为的负向作用;团队成员学习目标导向离散化通过团队学习行为对团队创造力产生负向影响.     

团队中互动动机多样性对绩效影响研究

在以创新能力为重要目标的团队中,动机和行为对团队绩效有着重要影响.本文基于社会分类-信息加工模型,探究了互动动机多样性如何影响团队反思和团队相似度感知,以及二者又如何影响团队绩效.本文采用问卷调查法,收集了58个团队的数据,建立结构方程模型并对假设进行检验.研究结果表明,在App设计团队中,互动动机多样性与团队反思和团队相似度感知负相关,团队反思有利于提升团队创造力和团队满意度,团队相似度感知有利于促进团队满意度,然而其对团队创造力的作用不显著.研究结论揭示了互动动机多样性在团队中发挥的消极作用,探明了不同视角下互动动机多样性的影响路径.     

从文化视角观察高管团队行为整合

高管团队有效的行为整合对提高团队决策质量起着根本性的作用.本文从文化视角观察了高管团队行为整合的过程,通过外资企业、民营企业、国有企业三种类型企业三对极端案例的研究,以扎根理论方法得出高管团队行为整合的文化因素模型,最终提炼出影响高管团队行为整合的两个文化因素:智识导向、和而不同.智识导向是团队价值判断的准则,包括尊重才识、重视思考和重视学习三个维度.和而不同是团队成员的沟通准则,包括开放沟通、理性讨论、批判坚持三个维度.高管团队有效的行为整合是在“智识导向”与“和而不同”互动作用下形成的.“智识导向”价值观驱动“和而不同”,“和而不同”能达到团队正确认知,成就团队智慧和创造力.     

团队薪酬对团队绩效的作用机制研究

以10家企业的139个团队为样本,探讨了团队薪酬分配导向对团队绩效的影响、团队互动对二者关系的中介作用,以及团队的外向性和宜人性人格组成的调节效应。研究结果表明,团队薪酬按贡献分配导向与团队绩效正相关;团队任务互动和人际互动对二者的关系具有部分中介效应;团队的外向性和宜人性人格对团队薪酬按贡献分配导向与团队人际互动的正向关系具有反向调节作用。最后,在研究结论的基础上,指出了企业团队管理实践的指导意义以及该领域未来的研究方向。     

团队建设性争论、从经验中学习与绩效关系的研究

以实证的方法在团队层面研究了组织从经验中学习的前因后果.基于团队学习行为(能力)模型构造了团队从经验中学习的知、行两个维度.知维度决定了团队是否能有效将过去的经验转化为知识,行维度则决定了这些知识是否得到了充分的利用以指导行为.这是团队从经验中学习整个过程中最为关键的两个维度.只有知行统一,学习过程才是完整有效的,最终才能转化成绩效.团队建设性争论对团队从经验中学习有显著影响,建设性争论越多,团队从经验中学习的知行维度水平越高.团队从经验中学习对团队绩效有显著影响,从经验中学习的知行维度水平越高,团队绩效越好.     

产学研合作对学术团队建设影响的实证研究——团队特征差异的调节效应检验

本文从学术团队核心能力建设的动态角度,利用广东省高校学术团队的数据,从产学研合作的广度和深度两个维度,研究探讨了产学研合作对学术团队核心能力影响的作用机理,深入剖析了学术团队的研究偏好、成员的互补性等团队特征的差异性特征对该影响作用的调节效应。研究结果表明,产学研合作对学术团队的建设具有积极的影响,产学研合作会对学术团队建设的正式化和学习能力产生正向的影响,而产学研合作的深度较广度相比,会对学术团队的学习能力影响更为突出。当进一步考虑到学术团队特征的异质性时,产学研合作对学术团队建设的影响效应也将随学术团队特征的异质性而体现出内在的差异性。其中,学术团队的研究偏好与产学研合作项目越匹配,产学研合作将有助于提升团队的学习能力。而学术团队人员的互补性越强,产学研合作广度的增加将有利于形成团队的互动与逐渐正式化,随着团队产学研合作深度的增加,其对学术团队文化氛围的影响也就越有利。     

组织公正和交易型领导对组织承诺的影响方式研究

随着组织中越来越多独立工作团队的出现,团队领导者的领导风格作为一种先验的情境因素,会对组织管理的行为效果产生一定的影响.然而过去的研究中很少将团队层次的领导行为作为情景变量来考察.本研究运用676名员工样本对组织公正和交易型领导对组织承诺的影响方式进行研究,发现三种形式的组织公正对员工承诺都有正向影响,互动公正的影响作用最强,分配公正的影响不显著;团队交易型领导方式对组织互动公正与员工承诺之间的关系产生调节作用,即交易型领导越明显的团队中,组织互动公正对员工承诺的影响越大.     

风险投资机构高管团队知识背景与高科技投资偏好

 风险投资机构的决策不仅与被投资对象的未来成长空间有关,也受到投资机构多方面特征的影响。根据高层梯队理论,在风险投资的复杂环境下,风险投资机构高管团队作为主要决策者,其特征对投资决策起决定性作用。        选取194家中国风险投资机构为样本,从高管团队知识背景的角度分析风险投资机构高科技投资偏好形成的原因,构建Logistic模型和OLS模型,检验高管团队不同教育背景(显性知识)和从业经验(隐性知识)对高科技投资偏好的影响。        研究结果表明,风险投资机构高管团队知识背景和从业经验显著影响其高科技投资偏好。高管团队中具有理工类教育背景和高科技从业经验的成员比例较高的机构更倾向于投资高科技企业,金融从业经验的成员比例较高的机构更倾向于投资非高科技企业;高科技从业经验的成员比例越高的机构在高科技企业首轮融资时进行投资的比例越高,金融从业经验和咨询从业经验的成员比例越高的机构在高科技企业首轮融资时进行投资的比例越低。进一步研究发现,在不同产权性质的风险投资机构中,高管团队知识背景对高科技投资偏好的影响具有差异性,国有性质样本中金融从业经验对高科技投资偏好的负向影响不再显著,非国有性质样本中高科技从业经验对高科技投资轮次偏好的正向影响不显著。与非国有性质风险资本相比,国有性质风险资本高管团队成员的理工科教育背景和高科技从业经验较弱,导致国有风险资本投资高科技企业较少。        从高管团队知识背景的角度拓展了对风险投资机构高科技投资偏好问题的解释,有助于更好地认识风险资本的投资行为和国有风险资本的投资行为,促进风险投资与被投资企业形成更具价值的匹配关系,对优化风险投资机构的投资决策、更好地发挥其在支持技术创新中的重要作用以及国有风险投资机构建设提供实践指导意义。     

中国企业管理者个人、团队和组织三层面学习能力间关系的实证研究

基于我国的235个企业样本数据进行实证分析,研究了管理者个人、团队和组织三层面学习能力之间的关系,发现:①这3个层面的学习能力之间存在显著的正相关关系,其中个人学习能力与组织学习能力、团队学习能力与组织学习能力之间的关系还受到管理者职位的显著调节作用,而个人学习能力与团队学习能力之间的关系则不受职位的调节作用;②个人学习能力通过团队学习能力的中介作用对组织学习能力产生影响,这对高层管理者而言,只是部分的中介作用;而对中层管理者,则是完全的中介作用.     

The Effect of Team Leader Characteristics on Learning,Knowledge Application,and Performance of Cross‐Functional New Product Development Teams

This study examines how leadership characteristics in new product development teams affect the learning, knowledge application, and subsequently the performance of these teams. Using data from a study of 229 members from 52 high‐tech new product projects, we empirically demonstrate that team learning has a strong positive effect on the innovativeness and speed to market of the new products. Moreover, a democratic leadership style, initiation of goal structure by the team leader, and his or her position within the organization were positively related to team learning. Managerial implications of these results are discussed.     

团队学习和学习型团队：概念、能力模型、测量及对团队绩效的影响

提出了团队学习和学习型团队的定义,建立了团队学习的9个行为和能力要素,开发了团队学习能力的定义和几种测量模型。采用513个样本数据进行了统计检验,表明所建立的团队学习能力的测量模型具有好的信度和效度,并发现了团队学习能力与团队绩效之间具有显著的正相关关系。     

The Effects of Knowledge Management on Team Members' Ratings of Project Success and Impact*

Many organizations are trying to improve the generation and utilization of knowledge. The activities associated with these efforts are identified as organizational knowledge management (KM). While much has been written about knowledge management from the organizational level, the success of such efforts over the long run will depend upon on how KM activities impact important outcomes as perceived by those at the employee level who actually implement the activities. This study used the input‐process‐output framework of team effectiveness to investigate the relationship between selected KM‐related activities on integrated product and process development team members' satisfaction with their project's success and the impact they expected it to have on the organization. The results indicate that team‐level leadership and support (i.e., inputs), along with knowledge generation and dissemination (i.e., processes), are key drivers of member performance‐related ratings (i.e., outputs). Finally, and possibly most importantly, a number of interactions were evident suggesting that the KM processes moderate the effects of the KM inputs. These findings and their implications are discussed.     

Top Team Diversity,Internationalization and the Mediating Effect of International Alliances*

This study examines the mediating effect of international alliances for the relationship between TMT (top management team) job‐related diversity (educational, functional background, outside industry experience and international exposure) and firm internationalization. We argue that firms with greater TMT diversity will use more international alliances, resulting in higher firm internationalization. Based on a sample of 226 US firms during the period 1988–1994, we find that international alliances partially mediate the relationship between TMT international exposure diversity and firm internationalization. However, we do not find international alliances to mediate the relationships between other forms of TMT diversity and firm internationalization. We discuss implications and directions for future research.     

Strategies for Knowledge Creation in Firms *

We extend the knowledge‐based view by providing an explanation of how firms develop the capability to create knowledge. We take the view that firms are distributed knowledge systems composed of individuals who embody knowledge, and theoretically identify and empirically test the existence and effectiveness of two strategies – organization and project team – that promote their interactions to develop this capability. On the one hand, building on what we call the organization‐level innovation literature, we identify the organization strategy, which suggests investment in organization‐level integrative management practices to facilitate interactions to create knowledge among individuals situated in different parts of the system, independently of when a knowledge‐creation task is established and individuals are organized to create knowledge. On the other hand, building on what we call the team‐level innovation literature, we identify the project team strategy, which suggests investment in project team‐level integrative management practices to facilitate interactions to create knowledge among individuals once a knowledge‐creation task is defined and individuals are placed into teams to create knowledge. The two strategies are substitute approaches for the development of the capability, although the organization strategy appears to better predict outcomes of the capability. However, this approach might be more costly, so not all managers will choose to follow it.     

团队虚拟性的维度研究

为了解决不同的虚拟性定义导致无法准确地衡量团队虚拟程度及其对绩效的影响,在分析国外团队虚拟性研究的基础上,提出了虚拟性三维模型:对虚拟工具的依赖程度、沟通的信息丰富度以及团队成员的多样化程度,并分析了三者之间的关系;指出此三维模型对管理理论和实践的影响。     

Unpacking Team Familiarity: The Effects of Geographic Location and Hierarchical Role

Examination of team productivity finds that team familiarity, i.e., individuals' prior shared work experience, can positively impact the efficiency and quality of team output. Despite the attention given to team familiarity and its contingencies, prior work has focused on whether team members have worked together, not on which team members have worked together, and under what conditions. In this paper, I parse overall team familiarity to consider effects of geographic location and the hierarchical roles of team members. Using data on all software‐development projects completed over 3 years at a large Indian firm in the global outsourced software services industry, I find that team familiarity gained when team members work together in the same location has a significantly more positive effect on team performance compared with team familiarity gained while members were collaborating in different locations. Additionally, I find that hierarchical team familiarity (a manager's experience with front‐line team members) and horizontal team familiarity (front‐line team members' experience gained with one another) have differential effects on project team performance. These findings provide insight into the relationship between team experience and team performance.     

公平偏好下的团队效率研究

在Alchian & Demsetz标准团队理论基础上,将代理人内在的公平偏好考虑进来,建立了基于公平偏好的团队理论模型,分析在预算平衡约束和代理人的公平偏好存在条件下的团队效率以及公平偏好对团队合作的作用机理,可以为合理利用代理人的公平偏好提高团队生产效率,提供理论指导和启示.