中小企业融资和关系型贷款

本文分析了中小企业融资难的原因,并比较了大银行为中小企业提供融资服务的劣势进而得出"小银行优势理论"。接着通过对国外关系型贷款的效率分析,再结合我国关系型贷款发展现状找出我国关系型贷款发展滞后的原因,为我国中小企业融资难的解决提出建议。     

关系型银行贷款理论及其在我国的应用研究

本文通过对关系型贷款理论的深入分析,论述了其对于解决我国中小企业融资难题的重要作用。采用理论和实证分析相结合的方式,探讨了关系型贷款在我国的运用,并针对关系型贷款理论在我国面临的问题,提出了相应的建议。     

关系型贷款中商业银行与中小企业的博弈

本文旨在探讨中小企业发展的各个不同阶段中,中小企业与商业银行之间关系型贷款的博弈。文章首先分析了中小企业在我国现阶段经济发展中的重要性及其融资的局限性,然后以博弈模型为分析基础,通过博弈矩阵进行中小企业与商业银行基于关系型贷款的之间的博弈。根据博弈分析,文章得出结论是:并不是在中小企业发展的各个阶段银行都要提供贷款服务,银行在介入信贷资金之前应该首先分清企业发展所处阶段,针对不同阶段选择不同的参与形式。     

农村中小企业信贷融资问题博弈分析

本文结合了一些基本情况对农村中小企业信贷融资问题进行了分析,并从博弈论的角度对信贷融资问题进行了阐述,同时提出了一些解决农村中小企业信贷融问题的建议,以期望为同行提供一定的借鉴。     

基于动态重复博弈模型的联保贷款决策分析

在国内外经济环境严峻形势下,广大中小企业发展的外部环境面临着许多困难,融资难、融资成本高、融资渠道窄等问题首当其冲。而近年来在国内兴起的联保贷款,无论是在理论上还是实践上都展现出了缓解信贷过程中"逆向选择"问题的能力。本文拟在通过对联保体和银行的动态博弈模型进行分析,证明该模型的优势所在。     

深化信贷体系 加强中小企业金融支持

中小企业在推动国民经济持续、健康发展方面具有重要的地位,然而多年来"融资问题"一直是困扰其发展的瓶颈。要突破这一障碍,必须从信贷体系的深化和完善入手。本文在对中小企业信贷的优劣势以及现状进行分析的基础上,从授信主体、受信主体和配套体系三方面提出了解决这一问题的基本路径,最后介绍了福建省对深化发展中小企业信贷体系的成功举措。     

商业银行针对中小企业的信贷非理性行为研究——基于前景理论视角

中小企业在我国创新驱动发展战略中担当新引擎,迸发新活力,已经成为国民经济增长的重要保障,但是中小企业融资难题尚未得到根本解决。文章对中小企业融资困境形成的原因进行分析,认为中小企业与商业银行之间的信息不对称增加了信贷风险。对此,文章基于前景理论视角,重点探讨商业银行针对中小企业的信贷行为中的非理性决策行为及影响因素,并从中小企业自身和金融市场环境两方面入手提出规避措施,以有效降低中小企业融资难度,同时减少商业银行信贷操作风险。     

中小企业贷款风险控制研究——以浙江企业贷款风险集中爆发为视角

中小企业贷款面临着两难的局面,一方面中小企业融资需求大,但贷款难;另一方面,银行不得不应对贷款风险的集中爆发。中小企业贷款风险的集中爆发,是宏观经济形势和中小企业自身的局限性相互作用的结果。控制中小企业贷款风险,则需要从完善中小企业信贷风险评估体系、加强银企合作、完善中小企业融资担保体系、创新信贷产品等方面着手。     

唐山市微型金融发展前景探讨

微型金融作为为贫困人口和低收入者以及微型企业提供的金融服务，提供微型信贷为主要业务，包括贷款、储蓄、汇款、保险和租赁等，涵盖了金融服务的全部范围。随着唐山市中小企业的发展，对融资的需求日益增加，微型金融在唐山市经济发展的意义日益凸显，因此，有必要对其发展策略进行研究。本文从唐山市微型金融的发展现状出发，分析其发展中存在的缺陷，并对其发展策略进行研究。     

浅析“信贷工厂”模式

"信贷工厂"意指银行进行中小企业授信业务管理时,设计标准化产品,对不同产品的信贷作业过程就好像工厂的"流水线",从前期接触客户开始,到授信的调查、审查、审批,贷款的发放,贷后维护、管理以及贷款的回收等工作,均采取流水线作业、标准化管理。本文讨论了"信贷工厂"产生的背景,治理模式,优点与缺陷等作了理论分析。     

模糊厌恶下关系型借贷定价和最优贷款利率

考虑决策者是模糊厌恶的,利用实物期权方法,解析地给出了银行价值,企业价值和最优停贷水平。分析了模糊厌恶和基准波动率对最优贷款利率,最优停贷水平,企业价值和银行价值的影响。数值分析表明：模糊厌恶提高了贷款利率,降低了企业和银行价值。在基准波动率水平较小时,模糊厌恶推迟了停贷水平;在基准波动率较大时,模糊厌恶加速了停贷水平。此外,在模糊中性下,企业价值是基准波动率凸函数,银行价值是基准波动率凹函数。而在模糊厌恶下,企业价值和银行价值都随着基准波动率的增加而递减。本文从行为金融角度为中小企业"融资贵"提供了新的解释。     

Internationalization of family SMEs: the impact of ownership, governance, and top management team

Family small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) internationalize their business after consolidating their position in their domestic market. Once family SMEs have built up the necessary resources and capabilities for their growth in the domestic market, they may leverage it later on for further expansion abroad. This paper seeks to examine the determinant factors that may explain the internationalization of family SMEs. More specifically, this study will examine the relationship between ownership, governance, top management team (TMT) and internationalization in family SMEs. Family SMEs may reap the benefit of stewardship orientation. This study seeks to examine the potential moderating role of stewardship orientation and TMT behavioral integration. The main contribution of this study is in examining theoretically and conceptually the relationship between ownership, governance, TMT and internationalization in the family SME context.     

债权治理机制、企业特征与成长性——来自中国中小上市公司的经验证据

本文以中国中小上市公司2002～2005年的经验数据为样本,采用结构方程模型探讨了债权治理机制的4个主要维度:偿债能力、债务融资程度、资产期限、债务期限,并对债权治理机制、企业特征因素与企业成长性的关系进行了理论和实证分析.结果显示,中小企业债权综合治理机制对企业成长并没有产生应有的促进效用,其中偿债能力与企业成长性负相关;资产期限结构的影响作用不显著;债务融资和债务期限结构对企业成长有促进作用;企业特征的异质性显著影响债权治理水平和企业成长性.     

中国情境下企业社会责任与财务绩效关系的实证研究——基于大、中小型上市公司的对比分析

本文以2012年发布的中国500强且在沪深上市的企业为大型企业样本,以中小板上市企业为中小型企业样本,选取各企业2010-2012年会计年报数据,运用结构化方程模型和多元回归分析方法,分别实证检验了大型企业、中小型企业承担社会责任对企业短期财务绩效和长期财务绩效的影响。研究结果表明:(1)无论是大型企业还是中小型企业,承担社会责任都不会引起其短期财务状况的恶化。(2)大型企业和中小型企业的社会责任与长期财务绩效关系的表现不完全相同,大型企业多呈正向关系,中小型企业则负向关系较多。(3)特别值得关注的是,无论大型企业还是中小型企业,对员工和顾客的社会责任与长期财务绩效都呈负相关关系。本文研究揭示了在当前中国情境下企业履行社会责任不容乐观的现状,同时研究结果对于引导企业履行社会责任,促进我国经济社会的健康和谐发展,也具有重要的借鉴价值。     

External resource provision and the international performance of SMEs – A contextual analysis

This paper investigates whether different categories of links (core and discretionary) to external resource providers are associated with the international performance of SMEs, as well as the perceived importance of external links for providing specific forms of assistance toward internationalization. A study of 180 internationally active SMEs examines whether these features vary according to the SMEs' contexts, specifically their industry and level of home economy development. The relevance of these two contexts is theoretically informed by resource dependence, environmental munificence and institutional perspectives. SME decision-makers' attribution of importance to discretionary external links predicts stronger international performance, but this is not the case with core market transactional links. Different external parties emerge as important sources of specific forms of assistance toward internationalization. Many of these results are associated with the SME's industry and home economy context. The paper concludes with a new contextually-informed model of SME egocentric networking and implications for practice.     

SMEs' formation of minority international joint ventures and level of internationalization: The moderating role of a global versus regional focus

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the number of minority international joint ventures (MIJVs) formed and the level of internationalization attained in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). We argue that this is an inverted U-shaped relationship that is negatively moderated by a global (versus regional) focus. We test our hypotheses on a comprehensive sample of Spanish manufacturing SMEs from 2006 to 2013. Whereas our empirical analysis does not provide enough support for a curvilinear relationship, the results we obtained show a positive linear association between SMEs' number of MIJVs and internationalization and corroborate the negative moderation of a global focus. Thus, this study enhances our understanding of the specific impact of an internationalization strategy based on the formation of MIJVs in the context of SMEs. Moreover, it emphasizes the importance of considering contingencies at the regional frontier to understand the effect of SMEs' foreign expansion strategies.     

Business model design–performance relationship under external and internal contingencies: Evidence from SMEs in an emerging economy

We examined Business Model (BM) designs – performance relationship and the moderating effects of firm age and external environment on this relationship. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of simultaneously operating dual BM designs (i.e. novelty and efficiency) on firm performance and contingent effect of firm age on this relationship. Based on data from 241 Indian SMEs, our findings highlighted that BM novelty was of greater benefit to younger SMEs compared to mature SMEs, while BM efficiency was of greater benefit to more mature SMEs. The environmental dynamism positively moderated the relationship between BM novelty and performance but it negatively moderated the relationship between BM efficiency and performance. We also found that BM efficiency is more beneficial in a low, rather than a high, munificent environment but we found environmental munificence did not moderate the BM novelty and SME performance relationship. Finally, we found simultaneous deployment of BM novelty and BM efficiency resulted in an enhancement of performance among mature SMEs compared to younger SMEs. Our study not only adds to the limited literature on BMs in SMEs but also helps practicing managers and entrepreneurs to make informed choices about their BMs.     

Using knowledge within small and medium-sized firms: A systematic review of the evidence

This paper provides a systematic review of the literature on how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) use and acquire knowledge. The review was undertaken as part of the Economic and Social Research Council's Evolution of Business Knowledge Programme. The paper describes the systematic review protocol and provides a detailed explanation of the methods used. From the review, it is evident that SME knowledge research concentrates primarily on the acquisition and use of knowledge, treating it as an asset that is transferred by routines. The findings suggest that research is focused in three main areas. First, on the influence and abilities of the entrepreneur to extract, use and develop knowledge resources. Secondly, on firm-wide systems and the social capital that facilitates knowledge exploration and exploitation. Thirdly, on the provision of knowledge and learning experiences through government policy. From a practical perspective, the review concludes that policies encouraging entrepreneurship and economic regeneration need to be more flexible and sensitive to the often complex contexts within which knowledge is used by SMEs. From a research perspective, and given the flexible, opportunity-oriented and often novel nature of SMEs identified in these studies, there is a need to consider the relational and embedded qualities of knowledge by which these characteristics are framed; qualities that resist conceptualization as some form of separable, material asset.     

Foreign market knowledge,entry mode choice and SME international performance in an emerging market

This paper examines the mediating role of equity entry mode choice in the relationship between foreign market knowledge (FMK) and international performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) originating from emerging markets. In addition, this paper investigates when FMK enhances firms' equity mode choice by considering financial slack as a moderating variable. Using data obtained from 205 SMEs engaged in cross-border activities in Ghana, the results reveal that FMK and international performance relationship is mediated by foreign market equity entry mode choice. The results also suggest that FMK positively relates to SMEs' preference for equity mode for foreign market entry and this relationship is amplified when slack resource is greater. These findings offer theoretical as well as practical implications for SME managers in developing and emerging markets in terms of entry mode decisions.     

集群企业创新来源、技术能力及创新绩效关系研究

产业集群为中小企业创新提供了良好的环境,促进了中小企业的技术学习.本文以浙江省产业集群中的中小企业为研究对象,通过问卷调查,对创新来源、技术能力及创新绩效的关系进行了分析.分别从产品创新来源和工艺创新来源两个方面进行了实证研究,检验并支持了技术能力的中介作用,以及创新来源对创新绩效的正向影响.