组织公平与人格特质对员工创新行为的交互影响研究

采用方便抽样的方式对企业340名员工就大五人格特质、组织公平、员工创新行为等变量进行调研,通过交互作用分析得出,人格特质中的外倾性、尽责性、宜人性、开放性均正向预测创新行为,而神经质负向预测创新行为。研究结果表明,组织公平4个维度均对创新行为有显著正向影响。组织公平正向调节外倾性、开放性、尽责性与创新行为之间的关系,反向调节宜人性与创新行为之间的关系,但对神经质与创新行为之间的关系没有调节作用。     

基于工作压力和组织认同中介调节效应检验的家庭亲善政策与创新行为关系研究

基于对中国大陆13个省、市、自治区以及澳门特别行政区的550份主管-员工的配对问卷调查,探讨了家庭亲善政策、员工工作压力和组织认同与创新行为之间的关系。研究发现,组织提供家庭亲善政策可以通过降低员工工作压力和提高员工组织认同的中介效应来显著提高员工的创新行为;组织认同能够调节家庭亲善政策中的工作弹性与工作压力之间的关系,以及工作压力与创新行为之间的关系;组织认同在家庭亲善政策中的亲属照顾政策与工作压力之间的调节作用没有得到证实。     

国企员工工作-家庭冲突、组织支持感与组织承诺的关系

笔者以122名国企员工为研究对象,考察了工作-家庭冲突、组织支持感与组织承诺的关系。层次回归分析结果发现:工作-家庭冲突对员工组织承诺有负向影响;组织支持感在工作-家庭冲突与组织承诺之间有调节作用,对组织支持感高的员工来说,工作-家庭冲突对组织承诺的负向影响相对较弱。本研究揭示了工作-家庭冲突与组织承诺的边界条件,对国有企业人力资源管理有一定的启示意义。     

绩效压力对工作-家庭关系的双路径影响机制研究

依据工作-家庭资源模型，本研究基于316份两时点问卷数据，采用结构方程模型，探究了绩效压力对工作-家庭关系的双路径影响机制，并验证了职场焦虑与工作专注的中介作用以及防御型调节焦点与促进型调节焦点的调节作用。研究结果表明，绩效压力既可能导致员工职场焦虑，进而恶化了员工的工作-家庭关系；又可能导致员工工作专注，进而改善了员工的工作-家庭关系。防御型调节焦点调节了绩效压力与职场焦虑间的关系，也调节了绩效压力通过职场焦虑影响工作-家庭关系的间接效应；但促进型调节焦点对绩效压力与工作专注之间关系的调节作用以及绩效压力通过工作专注对工作-家庭关系的间接影响的调节作用均不显著。     

团队凝聚力、工作-家庭促进与员工在职行为关系研究

通过对中国大陆19个省市自治区的1 795名在职员工的问卷调查发现,员工感知到的团队凝聚力能够通过工作-家庭促进的中介效应影响员工在职行为(积极行为与退缩行为);伴随着领导-成员交换关系的密切,团队凝聚力对员工积极行为的影响也更为显著;而在团队凝聚力与退缩行为的关系中,并没有发现领导-成员交换关系的显著调节作用。     

角色投入对工作满意度和生活满意度的影响

角色投入会导致角色内冲突的可能性,工作投入和家庭投入会导致工作家庭冲突并对一系列组织行为变量产生影响。在中国文化背景下通过调查291名已婚工作者,研究工作投入和家庭投入对两类工作家庭冲突以及工作满意度和生活满意度的影响,并讨论了工作家庭冲突的中介效应。研究结果表明,工作投入对工作-家庭冲突有显著正向预测作用,家庭投入对家庭-工作冲突也有显著正向预测作用;工作投入与工作满意度显著正相关,家庭投入与生活满意度显著正相关;工作-家庭冲突在工作投入对工作满意度影响过程中起到了部分中介作用,家庭-工作冲突在家庭投入对生活满意度影响过程中起到了部分中介作用。     

自我牺牲型领导对员工工作-家庭平衡的影响:链式中介与集体主义倾向的调节

个体对美好生活追求与企业实践需要,使工作与家庭平衡问题成为当下理论研究的热点.然而,现有研究并未系统揭示自我牺牲型领导对员工工作-家庭平衡影响的作用机制.基于此,本研究以工作-家庭平衡理论为基础,试图构建自我牺牲型领导、基于领导的自尊、工作-家庭增益和工作-家庭平衡之间的链式完全中介模型,以及检验员工集体主义倾向的调节作用.通过对231名员工问卷调查数据进行实证分析,研究结果表明:自我牺牲型领导对员工工作-家庭平衡具有显著的间接积极作用;基于领导的自尊与工作-家庭增益在二者之间发挥着链式完全中介作用;集体主义倾向正向调节自我牺牲型领导与基于领导的自尊之间的正向关系.     

辱虐管理对员工人际偏差行为的影响及其作用机制研究

以一家大型制造企业的229名员工为样本,从"压力源-紧张状态-后果"的视角,基于社会交换理论,研究辱虐管理对员工人际偏差行为的影响,并进一步分析了工作压力与自我控制能力在以上关系中所起的中介和调节作用。研究发现,辱虐管理作为员工工作生活中的压力源之一,对工作压力有显著的正向影响,进而导致员工产生人际偏差行为;员工自我控制能力可以调节工作压力与人际偏差行为之间的关系,较高的自控水平不仅可以削弱工作压力对人际偏差行为的正向影响,还可以弱化工作压力在辱虐管理与人际偏差行为之间所起的中介效应。     

内外倾人格特质如何影响在线品牌社群中的知识分享行为——网络中心性与互惠规范的中介作用

在线品牌社群中不同成员的人格特质是如何影响其知识分享行为的?本文根据嵌入理论框架,从社会资本理论视角出发,研究了网络中心性和互惠规范在内外倾人格特质与知识分享行为之间的中介作用。实证研究结果表明:①外倾性人格特质会促进成员形成咨询网络中心性和情感网络中心性,而内倾性人格特质则不利于情感网络中心性的形成;②外倾性人格特质、情感网络中心性与互惠规范会直接影响知识分享行为,而内倾性人格特质与咨询网络中心性则不会;③情感网络中心性在外倾性人格特质与知识分享行为关系中起到部分中介作用;④互惠规范在咨询网络中心性和知识分享行为的关系中起到"桥梁"作用,在情感网络中心性和知识分享的关系中起到部分中介作用。研究结论从社会资本和社会网络视角丰富了在线品牌社群理论,同时也有助于管理者更好地激发社群当中的知识分享行为。     

基于信任氛围感知与个体主义作用视角的诚信型领导对员工工作态度的影响

通过问卷调查343位被试,从工作需求-资源模型的视角,探讨了诚信型领导对员工态度和行为影响的中介机制及情景因素,包括信任氛围感知、工作投入、组织承诺和个体主义。研究发现,诚信型领导对员工工作投入和组织承诺均有显著正向影响;诚信型领导通过信任氛围感知的中介作用影响员工工作投入及组织承诺;个体主义对信任氛围感知与员工工作投入、组织承诺之间的关系具有调节作用,员工的个体主义越高,信任氛围感知对员工工作投入、组织承诺的积极影响越小。     

工作家庭平衡的结构验证及其因果分析

本文研究中国大陆已婚员工工作家庭平衡四因素的前因和结果变量。验证性因子分析的结果支持了Frone有关工作家庭平衡的四因素模型,表明工作家庭平衡是一个双重指向的(工作-家庭,家庭-工作)包括冲突和促进的四重构面概念。多元逐步回归分析结果揭示了工作家庭冲突与促进的不同形成机制,角色过载是工作家庭冲突的首要前因变量,角色投入是工作家庭促进的首要前因变量。此外,工作-家庭冲突与工作满意度和生活满意度显著负相关,家庭-工作促进与生活满意度显著正相关。     

Development and Validation of a Multidimensional Measure of Family Supportive Supervisor Behaviors (FSSB)

Due to growing work-family demands, supervisors need to effectively exhibit family supportive supervisor behaviors (FSSB). Drawing on social support theory and using data from two samples of lower wage workers, the authors develop and validate a measure of FSSB, defined as behaviors exhibited by supervisors that are supportive of families. FSSB is conceptualized as a multidimensional superordinate construct with four subordinate dimensions: emotional support, instrumental support, role modeling behaviors, and creative work-family management. Results from multilevel confirmatory factor analyses and multilevel regression analyses provide evidence of construct, criterion-related, and incremental validity. The authors found FSSB to be significantly related to work-family conflict, work-family positive spillover, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions over and above measures of general supervisor support.     

三种角色压力对寿险代理人工作满意度的影响研究

本文以中国保险公司的寿险代理人作为研究对象,研究三种角色压力与员工工作满意度之间的关系.本文研究发现角色冲突、角色模糊性和工作家庭冲突对工作满意度的各个维度的影响效果是不同的,并且子女因素在三种角色压力与工作满意度各个维度关系中起调节作用.本文的研究发现不仅丰富了有关工作满意度研究领域的研究成果,而且对于保险公司改进员工工作满意度具有参考价值.     

Work hours and well-being: The roles of work-time control and work-family interference

This study focused on mediating and moderating processes underlying the relationship between work hours and well-being. Questionnaire data from 292 female employees in two UK public sector organizations were analysed. Drawing on effort-recovery theory and published empirical findings, it was hypothesized that work-family interference (WIF) would mediate the relationship between work hours and measures of well-being (psychological distress and family satisfaction), and that work-time control would moderate the association between work hours and WIF. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that, after controlling for demographic variables, neuroticism, and job demands, WIF mediated the effect of work hours on family satisfaction, although no evidence of mediation was found for the psychological distress outcome measure. Work-time control moderated the relationship between work hours and WIF; higher control buffered the effect of longer hours on WIF. These findings add to the literature on the role of WIF in the effort-recovery process by showing that longer work hours are not necessarily associated with higher work-family interference, and hence with poor recovery and impaired well-being. Instead, having a degree of control over work hours moderates the first link in this process. Thus, the provision by employers of some flexibility and control over work hours may help to reduce the potential negative impact of long work hours on employees.     

Exploring work- and organization-based resources as moderators between work-family conflict, well-being, and job attitudes

In modern Western life it is difficult to avoid work-family conflict. Therefore the resources that might reduce its negative outcomes on well-being and job attitudes come into focus. Our study contributes to the work-family conflict literature by exploring the indirect (moderator) and direct role of three work- and organization-related resources, i.e., job control, family supportive climate, organization-based self-esteem (OBSE), in the work-to-family conflict and well-being/job attitude relationship. Theoretically, the study tested the recently developed Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model in the Scandinavian context. Data for the study were gathered from three differing Finnish organizations (health care district, ICT company, Cardboard mill; n=1252). In line with the predictions of the JD-R model, job demands (time- and strain-based work-to-family conflict) were more robustly associated with strain-based outcomes (physical symptoms), whereas job resources (job control, family supportive climate, OBSE) were more strongly linked to motivational-based outcomes (job satisfaction, organizational commitment). Both job control and family supportive climate moderated the relationships studied; high job control and family supportive climate buffered against the aversive effects of work-to-family conflict on well-being and job attitudes. These indirect effects also varied in relation to the independent, moderator, and dependent variables. However, OBSE did not operate as a buffering factor, although it showed significant direct effects. From a practical viewpoint, our findings suggest that job control and family supportive climate are resources that help employees to reduce the negative effects related to work-family conflict.     

Relationships between work-family culture and work attitudes at both the individual and the departmental level

There is a need to better understand the nature of work-family culture and its relationships with job-related outcomes. The main objective of this study was to investigate the associations between a supportive work-family culture and work attitudes (i.e., job satisfaction, work engagement, turnover intentions) at both the individual and work departmental level. Survey-based data were gathered from 52 Finnish work departments (1219 individuals) in the domains of health care, ICT, and the paper industry. Data were analysed via multilevel structural equation modelling. Work-family culture was assessed via managers’ supportiveness, organizational time demands, and the expected career consequences of taking up work-family-related benefits. The results showed, first, that employees in the same work department shared similar perceptions of the department's work-family culture and work attitudes; second, the perceptions of the work-family culture shared within the work department as well as employees’ individual perceptions of it were associated with work attitudes. Thus, the positive effects of a supportive work-family culture on work attitudes were established at both the individual and work departmental levels.     

Work-self balance: A longitudinal study on the effects of job demands and resources on personal functioning in Japanese working parents

Abstract

In work-family research the effects on the individual, or the “self”, in terms of personal interests independent of the work and family domains, have been largely neglected. This longitudinal study on 471 Japanese employees with young children investigated how job demands and job resources may have an impact on well-being by facilitating or hindering personal functioning. It was hypothesized that workload would have an unfavourable impact on work-to-self conflict, while supervisor support would have a favourable impact on work-to-self facilitation. In addition, we hypothesized that work–self conflict would diminish well-being (psychological distress and happiness), while work–self facilitation would enhance well-being over time. Structural equation modelling analyses using a full panel design showed that work overload was positively related to work–self conflict over time, whereas supervisor support was positively related to work–self facilitation. Furthermore, work–self conflict predicted psychological distress and happiness at T2, one year later, after controlling for T1 levels. These findings suggest that the demands and resources encountered at work can spill over to the home domain and have an impact on personal functioning and context-free well-being. Further research is needed to determine the importance of work-self constructs in relation to work-family constructs.     

工作—家庭关系理论与工作家庭平衡计划

工作—家庭关系是影响雇员职业生涯发展与个人家庭幸福的重要因素。制定良好的工作家庭平衡计划已成为当前人力资源管理与职业生涯管理的重要内容。本文在对以往的工作家庭关系理论进行评价基础上,借鉴上述理论,分别从组织及个人的角度,提出了有关工作家庭平衡的工具与平衡措施。     

INTRAGROUP CONFLICT IN ORGANIZATIONS: A CONTINGENCY PERSPECTIVE ON THE CONFLICT-OUTCOME RELATIONSHIP

In this paper, we review recent empirical work on interpersonal conflict in organizations and, by incorporating past theory and multiple disciplinary views, develop a comprehensive model of the effects of intragroup conflict in organizations from a contingency perspective. We consider: (1) the type of conflicts that exist; (2) the organizational outcome that is predicted or desired; (3) the temporal aspect of group life and conflict; and (4) the circumstances under which conflict occurs and the processes used to manage it that moderate the conflict-outcome relationship. We highlight the final aspect, the moderating factors, by presenting a conflict-outcome moderated (COM) model that delineates types of moderators which influence the conflict-outcome relationship: amplifiers (those variables that amplify the conflict-outcome relationship, strengthening both the positive and negative effects), suppressors (those variables that weaken both the positive and negative effects on outcomes), ameliorators (those variables that decrease negative effects and increase positive effects), and exacerbators (those variables that increase negative effects of conflict and decrease positive effects). We ultimately present a model of constructive intragroup conflict in organizations delineating the contingencies upon which group success, as it relates to conflict, is dependent.     

组织学习与技术转移绩效的关系研究

选择珠江三角洲地区157家制造型企业为研究对象,构建结构方程模型,深入探讨技术授收双方互动和知识创新分别对组织学习与技术转移绩效关系的调节与中介作用。结果显示:组织学习对技术转移绩效具有显著的正向影响;技术授收双方的互动在组织学习对技术转移绩效的影响中起调节作用;知识创新在组织学习对技术转移绩效的影响中起部分中介作用。这些结论有助于理解组织学习影响技术转移绩效的机理,使组织学习理论能够更好地指导技术转移实践。