共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 890 毫秒
1.
The study investigates depressive symptoms among 3,431 adolescents aged 13–15 years. The sample comprises both native Norwegian
and immigrant adolescents living in Norway. The main finding of the study is that the level of depressive symptoms is significantly
higher among the immigrant adolescents than their Norwegian counterparts. When analysed separately for boys and girls, the
difference is still significant for boys. Generally depressive symptoms are significantly higher among girls than among boys.
Depressive symptoms, especially in boys, may also be related to the degree of urbanization of the area they live in. In cities,
there is a significant difference between native Norwegian and immigrant boys, with immigrant boys having a higher level of
depressive symptoms than native Norwegians. The implications for future research about immigrant adolescents and their psychosocial
adjustment are discussed.
相似文献
Hildegunn FandremEmail: |
2.
This study reviewed three philosophical accounts of happiness, and then tested those accounts with the Asiabarometer surveys
conducted in six Confucian societies during the summer of 2006. Statistical analyses of these surveys reveal that East Asians
tend to experience happiness to a greater extent when they experience enjoyment together with achievement and/or satisfaction.
The preponderance of such multi-dimensional conceptions in all those societies poses a direct challenge to a single dimensional
account of happiness in the West. The analyses also reveal that positive assessments of interpersonal relationships matter
more than the amount of knowledge or wealth in living a happy life in Confucian societies.
相似文献
Doh Chull Shin (Corresponding author)Email: |
Takashi InoguchiEmail: |
3.
This study used a nationally representative sample of young people in Germany from the German Socio-Economic Panel to examine
how demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the young persons and their parents, personality traits of the young
persons, quality and quantity of relationships, the parent's level of life satisfaction, and other measures of satisfaction
for the young person are related to the initial assessment of life satisfaction by the individual at the critical point of
transition from adolescence to adulthood. The results indicated that consistency existed across different domains of satisfaction,
specifically satisfaction with life and satisfaction with grades. A strong pattern of association was also observed between
the subjective well-being of the adolescents and variables that measured different dimensions of the quality and quantity
of interpersonal relationships, including relationships with parents.
相似文献
Eileen TrzcinskiEmail: |
4.
The estimation of the effect of local human capital on wages only might not identify properly human capital spillovers. Appropriate
identification requires considering the joint effect of local human capital on both wages and rents. Empirically, we study
the effects of local human capital on household-level rents and individual-level wages for a sample of Italian local labour
markets. Our results show a positive and robust effect of local human capital on rents, supporting the idea that human capital
generates positive externalities at the local level. Our results also suggest that consumption and production externalities
have a similar impact on wages.
相似文献
Guido de BlasioEmail: |
5.
Anders Barstad 《Social indicators research》2008,87(1):47-64
Using Norway 1948–2004 as a case, I test whether changes in variables related to social integration can explain changes in
suicide rates. The method is the Box-Jenkins approach to time-series analysis. Different aspects of family integration contribute
significantly to the explanation of Norwegian suicide rates in this period. The estimated effect of separations is stronger
than the effect of divorces, both for men and women, probably because separations are closer in time to the “real” marital
breakup. This difference has not been demonstrated in earlier time-series research. Marriages decrease the suicide rates for
males. The unemployment estimate for men has a negative sign, contributing to fewer suicides. Both increasing alcohol (beer)
consumption and fewer marriages seem to be implicated in the soaring suicide rate for young men since 1970.
相似文献
Anders BarstadEmail: |
6.
We are interested in the relationship between public policies and outcomes measuring quality of life. There is no outcome
more final than the ending of one’s own life. Accordingly, we test the relationship between public policy regimes and suicide
rates in the American states. Controlling for other relevant factors (most notably a state’s stock of social capital), we
find that states with higher per capita public assistance expenditures tend to have lower suicide rates. This relationship
is of significant magnitude when translated into potential lives saved each year. We also find that general state policy liberalism
and the governing ideologies of state governments are linked to suicide rates. In response to a growing literature on the
importance of non-political factors such as social connectedness in determining quality of life, these findings demonstrate
that government policies remain important determinates as well.
相似文献
Benjamin RadcliffEmail: |
7.
This paper applies stochastic control theory to the Grossman model of investment in health to characterize the case of a serious
illness, i.e., one that permanently reduces the individual’s stock of health capital. Health itself is modelled as a stochastic
variable, whose variation over time is determined partly by a deterministic factor and partly by a random factor with a Poisson
distribution. After setting out the equations for the deterministic and stochastic approaches, phase diagrams illustrate how
the introduction of uncertainty alters the model. The framework is also used to consider the effect of the introduction of
a vaccine.
相似文献
Brian S. FergusonEmail: |
8.
The effect of longevity on schooling and fertility: evidence from the Brazilian Demographic and Health Survey 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
Rodrigo R. Soares 《Journal of population economics》2006,19(1):71-97
This paper presents microevidence on the effect of adult longevity on schooling and fertility. Higher longevity is systematically
associated with higher schooling and lower fertility. The paper looks at the 1996 Brazilian Demographic and Health Survey
and constructs an adult longevity variable based on the mortality history of the respondent's family. Families with histories
of high adult mortality in previous generations have systematically higher fertility and lower schooling. These effects are
not associated with omitted variables and remain unchanged after a large array of factors is accounted for (demographic characteristics,
family-specific child mortality, regional development, socioeconomic status, etc.).
相似文献
Rodrigo R. SoaresEmail: |
9.
The changing nature of wage inequality 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Thomas Lemieux 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(1):21-48
The paper reviews recent developments in the literature on wage inequality with a particular focus on why inequality growth
has been particularly concentrated in the top end of the wage distribution over the last 15 years. Several possible institutional
and demand-side explanations are discussed for the secular growth in wage inequality in the United States and other advanced
industrialized countries.
相似文献
Thomas LemieuxEmail: |
10.
Our results indicate that two thirds of active-duty military personnel report experiencing offensive racial behaviors in the
previous 12 months, whereas approximately one in ten reports threatening racial incidents or career-related discrimination.
Racial harassment significantly increases job dissatisfaction irrespective of the form of harassment considered. Furthermore,
threatening racial incidents and career-related discrimination heighten intentions to leave the military. Finally, our results
point to the importance of accounting for unobserved individual- and job-specific heterogeneity when assessing the consequences
of racial harassment. In single-equation models, the estimated effects of racial harassment on both job dissatisfaction and
intentions to leave the military are understated.
相似文献
Deborah Cobb-ClarkEmail: |
11.
Empirical studies in the migration literature have shown that enclaves (networks) negatively affect the language proficiency
of migrants. Most of these studies do not address the choice of location as a function of language skills. Using data on Mexican
migration to the US, we show that migrants choose smaller networks as their English language proficiency improves.
相似文献
Ira N. Gang (Corresponding author)Email: |
12.
In this paper, we analyze determinants of marital dissolution, focusing on the alleged influences from public transfers, child
allowance, and child support awards. We use a Norwegian panel of 2,806 couples with information on public and private transfers
in cases of divorce. The sample was observed over a 5-year period, with the purpose of registering marital dissolution. We
find that the level of transfers has a significantly positive effect on divorce probability and that the distribution of transfers
in favor of the wife increases this probability. Our findings are consistent with noncooperative family models allowing for
inefficient outcomes.
相似文献
Kjell Vaage (Corresponding author)Email: |
13.
Sonia M. Frias 《Social indicators research》2008,88(2):215-246
The main goal of this article is to assess the level of gender equality across the 32 Mexican states. After reviewing conceptual
and methodological issues related to previous measures of structural inequality I detail the logic and methodology involved
in the construction of a composite and multidimensional measure of gender equality, at the social structural or macrosystem,
level in Mexico: GEIMS (Gender Equality Index in Mexican States). The importance of assessing the level of gender equality
among Mexican states is of theoretical and practical relevance for understanding potential sources of regional differences
regarding many social phenomena. The methodology can be also used to construct gender equality indexes in other Latin American
countries.
相似文献
Sonia M. FriasEmail: |
14.
Extracting the causal component from the intergenerational correlation in unemployment 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Tyra Ekhaugen 《Journal of population economics》2009,22(1):97-113
This paper examines the intergenerational correlation in unemployment in Norway and discusses and estimates two approaches
for extracting the causal component: sibling differences and the use of parental unemployment occurring after the child’s
outcome as control for the unobserved family heterogeneity. Confirming existing evidence, I find a substantial intergenerational
correlation in unemployment. Almost half of this is due to observed family heterogeneity. The causal effect is found to be
statistically insignificant by both identification strategies, but while the estimated effect is negative on the sample made
for the sibling-difference approach, this finding is not replicated on a less selective sample.
相似文献
Tyra EkhaugenEmail: |
15.
Previous attempts to measure material well-being or hardship have not made clear the relationship of individual items to the
broader concept of hardship. The current study used the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), a large-scale U.S.
survey with a large number of questions on the material circumstances of households to create a measurement model of hardship
that takes this relationship into account. A higher-order model with five-first-order factors: consumer durables, resources
available to meet needs, housing conditions, neighborhood problems and crime, and community services, and a single second-order
factor hardship fit the data well, with the “Housing” and “Neighborhood” first-order factors most strongly related to the higher-order hardship
construct. Despite our attempts to tie the hardship measures to objective conditions, subjective evaluations were strongly
related to most of the factors.
相似文献
Adam C. CarleEmail: |
16.
This paper estimates the impact of a recent expansion in Canadian paid family leave from 25 to 50 weeks on maternal employment
and transfer income. It finds the expansion coincided with increases in transfers to mothers of children age zero to one relative
to mothers of children age three to four, and with decreases in returns to work in the year after birth. These changes were
concentrated among economically advantaged groups of women, defined by marital status, education, and non-wage income. Despite
these changes, there was no evidence of a decrease in returns to work or relative employment for mothers of children age one.
相似文献
Maria HanrattyEmail: |
17.
The purpose of this paper is to use socioeconomic indicators for analyzing convergence within Greece at regional (NUTS II)
and prefecture levels (NUTS III) since 1960. We use two alternative approaches. The first one is based on the coefficient
of variation and the second one on quality of life rankings. We confirm the decline of regional inequalities in Greece, with
the exclusion of the 1980s. Regions with increased tourist and trade activity are also regions with high quality of life.
Border regions are usually the laggards of social and economic development.
相似文献
Georgios FotopoulosEmail: |
18.
Stephen Machin 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(1):1-19
In this paper (my keynote talk from the 2006 ESPE conference), I discuss the recent upsurge in research on the economics of
education that has occurred, especially in Europe. I discuss the reasons for the increased interest and present some examples
from my recent research in the area. The paper concludes that the increased research interest seems likely to be sustained
for some time to come.
相似文献
Stephen MachinEmail: |
19.
How important is homeland education for refugees’ economic position in The Netherlands? 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
We use data on refugees admitted to The Netherlands that include registration of education in their homeland by immigration
officers. Such data are seldom available. We investigate the quality and reliability of the registrations and then use them
to assess effects on refugees’ economic position during the first 5 years after arrival. The most remarkable finding is the
absence of returns to higher education.
相似文献
Aslan ZorluEmail: |
20.
Sharada Weir 《Journal of population economics》2007,20(1):203-222
Evidence on the extent of low enrolment and late entry for a sample of rural households in Ethiopia is provided, and two potential
sources of education externality benefits for school-age children, parental and neighbourhood education, are examined. The
education of parents, most significantly mothers, is found to contribute to children's schooling, as does the education of
neighbourhood women. The mechanisms by which such externalities may operate are considered by examining the effects of cognitive
and non-cognitive outputs of schooling upon current school enrolment of children. Findings illustrate both the importance
of girls' schooling and some challenges for education policy.
相似文献
Sharada WeirEmail: |