一叶知秋：从一个乡镇的村庄选举看中国社会的制度变迁

本文通过中国北方一个乡镇村庄选举的个案研究,分析讨论了基层选举这一制度的历史演变过程,特别是在2006年的最新一轮选举中,正式选举制度的实施有了重要突破,镇政府在很大程度上退出了干预活动,并在维护程序的公正方面起到了重要的作用,使村庄选举程序逐渐走上了正轨,选举结果基本体现了村庄的民意。基于这一案例,本文特别着眼于制度变迁的机制和过程分析,提出了两个基本命题：第一,制度变迁不是来自于政府的理性设计,而是由不同领域中互为独立的多重过程在特定时间、地点的互动作用所导致的;第二,中国制度变迁的研究工作应该从理论方法上有一个新的突破,即关注多重过程的相互作用,特别是制度变迁的初始条件和历史过程,并提出相应的理论解释。     

Dissipating or Diffusing Aggression after Non‐maternal Childcare? Commentary on a Novel Hypothesis

In an intriguing account, the hypothesis is proposed that elevating effects of quantity of childcare on aggression might not, as other research has suggested, be dissipating over time, but instead be diffusing across groups of children. Paradoxically, this diffusion may also affect children with little or no experience with non-maternal care. If supported, this hypothesis may cause great concern about the increasing childcare use in western countries. In this commentary, we take a closer look at this hypothesis, focusing on limitations in ethnic and cultural diversity of the available data, on the inconclusive role of temperament, on the causal nature of some conclusions, and on the role of the father as a non-maternal caregiver.     

回顾与展望--三次中青年红学研讨会的思考

全国中青年红学研讨会已经开过三次,首届会议的主题是强调回归文本,第二届会议的主题是文献、文本、文化在红学中的融通和创新,第三次会议是探讨<红楼梦>与世界文学的关系问题.本文对三次会议进行了总结,谈到红学研究中不但要回归文本,更重要的是超越文本,并且把<红楼梦>放在世界文学的大坐标中进行审视.在具体操作中,要以文献研究为基础,以文本研究为轴心,以文化研究为旨归,从而去适应和推动21世纪红学研究的转型.     

旅游资源评价与形象设计研究——以陕西省宜君县为例

在实地勘察、收集资料的基础上,从定性和定量两个方面对陕西宜君县旅游资源进行了较为全面的评价.宜君县的生态环境、自然风光、历史、民俗、文化艺术等旅游资源具有特色,在旅游资源评价的基础上,梳理出宜君旅游发展的功能分区和形象定位,并提出相关旅游形象推广的建议,力求促进宜君旅游业发展.     

金砖国家合作机制探索——基于贸易便利化的合作前景

现阶段金砖国家经贸合作深化发展的方向,在于如何扩大相互贸易,以推动金砖国家间贸易发展,而贸易便利化可能是实现这一目标的可行途径之一。本文根据全球竞争力报告等多种商业调查数据,对金砖国家的贸易便利化水平进行了测算,并评估了金砖国家在该领域进行合作的潜力。在此基础上,金砖国家应首先建立贸易便利化委员会及政府间协调机构,有效推进海关环境和国内规制环境方面的合作。     

Adult Children and Their Parents

Although the strong preference among older people is for independent living, a variety of problems can lead parents to move in with adult children. This living arrangement entails distinct social-psychological characteristics. By drawing on theoretical constructs from sociology and social psychology this paper explores these characteristics. By drawing on theoretical constructs from sociology and social psychology this paper explores these characteristics in terms of feelings related to the loss of freedome, the children's sense of irredeemable obligation and the parents' sense of irredeemable obligation and the parents' sense of irreplaceable loss. Based on this analysis, recommendations are made regarding attitudinal changes which can increase both parents' and children's degree of satisfaction with this living arrangement.     

Indigenous water rights in Australia

Indigenous rights in Australia have undergone enormous transition since the groundbreaking decision in Mabo vs. Queensland in the Australian High Court. This paper explores these changes with a particular emphasis on Aboriginal water rights—an important, and more complicated, corollary to land rights. Mabo opened many possibilities that Aboriginals could claim water rights for everything from irrigation to fishing and spiritual uses. Since 2000 claims of this nature have been made in the federal court system and have challenged the total scope of water law on this the driest inhabited continent on earth. Water law in Australia is primarily a function of state government and these policies have had differential impact on Aboriginal rights which will be explored in this paper.     

“工具性”色彩的淡化：一种新健康观的生成与实践 以绍兴醴村为例

国内学术界目前还鲜有以医学社会学作为理论视角来探讨当下的医疗、疾病与健康问题。本文基于长三角一个村庄的调查材料，试图从医学社会学角度来讨论当地村民从新中国成立前至今“健康观”的变迁过程。通过新旧健康观的描述与对比，文章主要考察了新健康观变化的内容与动力。村民日益赋予健康以一种崇高的价值，健康观中原有的“工具性”色彩正逐渐淡化。由现代化过程所带来的经济发展与生活水平的提高是新健康观生成的最大动力，而国家在其中的直接作用则非常微小。本文认为，健康观是观察现代化的一个角度，也是考察国家与农民关系的一个新窗口。     

批判诠释学视野下的社会工作——从对实证主义社会工作的反思谈起

实证主义在社会工作理论和实务的发展中发挥着重要的影响,而各种反实证主义思潮的论争则使社会工作有了更多视角和面向,在这其中批判诠释学是一支重要的力量。本文对实证主义传统下的社会工作模式进行了一些反思,在此基础上,讨论了批判诠释学对实证主义传统的批评和对社会工作理论和实务的影响。     

The BSW Social Work Curriculum: Teaching Strategies,Case Material,and Assignments for Teaching Group Work

This article is a companion piece to another article appearing in this special edition of Social Work with Groups on group work content for the generalist practice curriculum. In this article, techniques that assist the instructor in presenting the material on group work in the classroom are identified. These techniques, which include case material and classroom exercises, also help students connect their field and classroom learning about group work. The activities discussed in this article derive from the core group work content discussed in the previous article.     

Research as Social Action in the Aftermath of Hurricane Andrew

SUMMARY

A study conducted 14 months after Hurricane Andrew examined the long term impact of this natural disaster on the homeless in the hardest hit areas of South Florida. The effects of a natural disaster on the homeless has not been studied in the past. In addition, this study is presented to illustrate a model of social action research. The foundations for the principles of this model are rooted in the best scientific and social justice traditions. The principles are introduced and described using research methodologies that were utilized in this disaster study. How the findings contributed to changes in policy, procedure, and practice are highlighted.     

Are there rewards for language skills? Evidence from the earnings of registered nurses

The existing empirical evidence on whether U.S. labor markets reward workers for second-language skills is meager and conflicting. Employing data from the National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses in 2000 and 2004, this study reexamines the positive bilingual–earnings relationship found in the most current research on this topic. We test the relationship using alternative models that explain the wages earned by nurses. The advantage of this approach is that it permits an assessment of how sensitive the results are to changes in the variables used in the model. We find the evidence of a positive bilingual effect on earnings to be mixed. The relationship is sufficiently frail that statistically significant results eventually dissolve as more precise occupational characteristics are included in the wage equation. Moreover, using more current data, we find no evidence of a wage premium paid to nurses for second-language skills. We offer possible explanations for this lack of evidence within this specific occupation.     

浅谈我国社会工作专业英语教育

专业英语教育作为社会工作专业教育的重要组成部分,必须体现在相应的课程设置与教学过程中。本文从这一基本原则出发,在对我国社会工作专业英语教育的现状分析基础上,就其进一步发展和深化所需要解决的课程定位、课程内容、课程教学以及课程效果测评等问题进行了初步探索。     

Group Work and Social Justice: Designing Pedagogy for Social Change

In this article the authors explore the gap between education and action in putting the social work core value of social justice into practice. Describing how their School of Social Work has taken up this challenge, the authors analyze how a new social action course helps bridge this gap and draw on student reflection on their experiences and assignments in the course to show how students concretize and interiorize the meaning of social action and social justice. Learning by doing social action through a case study, group work becomes the vehicle through which students act on social issues and work for social change.     

Social Policy for Social Work: A Teaching Agenda

Though social justice is a central goal of the social work profession,the actual involvement of social workers in social change isvery limited. Moreover, training in social policy and policypractice in schools of social work is minimal. As such, practitionerslack the tools needed to analyse existing social problems andpolicies and to enable them to intervene in the policy processin order to better serve the needs of service users. This articleseeks to further social policy teaching within social work educationby engaging in a survey of the existing literature on the subjectand by offering a detailed programme for integrating this subjectinto the social work training system. The literature surveythat serves as a basis for this programme includes a reviewof studies on the dilemmas linked to social policy teaching,on the goals and content of social policy courses in socialwork and on preferred teaching methods in this field.     

企业社会工作“社区综合发展模式”的运作路径初探——以深圳某工业型社区的企业社会工作实务介入为例

基于对西方与中国内地企业社会工作实务运作模式的述评,本文提出了适合我国国情的企业社会工作"社区综合发展"模式。同时,以深圳某工业型社区的企业社会工作实务介入为例,从"探究、实践、展望"三个方面,初步探究了这种社区综合模式的实务运作路径。     

Community Involvement: Opportunities and Challenges in Socializing Adults to Participate in Society

The concluding article of this issue devoted to community involvement considers the unique perspective offered by each article on this topic in this issue, yet does so in the context of the commonalities among them. Most important of these commonalities, perhaps, is that all of the articles address, to some degree, the question of how adults can best be socialized to develop a habit of community participation. Some articles consider this question of encouraging community involvement in educational settings, while others consider the question in more general settings. Some articles focus on key conceptual processes, whereas others concentrate on practical issues in promoting involvement. Finally, virtually all of the articles consider the benefits of community involvement; some of the articles also explore the downside to efforts to promote community involvement.     

日本对华文化侵略的特征、方式与危害

日本对华侵略的思想、方策的设计者,大都不是在朝的政府官员,而是民间学者、文化人。日本的侵华,往往是“有思想能力”的学者文化人首先提出设想、加以论证,并首先在民间制造舆论,然后思想舆论一旦形成,则影响政府决策,并由政府加以组织实施。本文对其主要方式和途径进行了分析并指出日本对中国的文化侵略是一个历史的、客观的存在,在这个问题的研究中应以历史文献学的方法正确呈现和描述史实,从而填补日本侵华史研究中的这一薄弱环节。     

抗争、民主与治理:全球治理下的抗争政治研究

随着20世纪60年代西方社会运动的兴起,西方国家的国内政治由此发展出有别于常规制度、正式政治的独特政治形态——抗争政治。诸多的理论认为,这一政治形态对其国内政治的民主和治理都具有积极的促进作用。本文通过对抗争政治历程的研究,指出:一方面,全球化及反全球化运动、全球风险社会都使得全球政治和治理发生大转型,由此引发全球社会运动,抗争从国内走向国际;而另一方面,抗争功能也具有局限性。同时认为,国内和国际层面上的抗争政治,关注全球抗争与民主、治理的关系,呈现出与常规政治不同的性质、特点和功能,具有重大的理论和实践价值。     

If nudge cannot be applied: a litmus test of the readers’ stance on paternalism

A central question in many debates on paternalism is whether a decision analyst can ever go against the stated preference of a client, even if merely intending to improve the decisions for the client. Using four gedanken-experiments, this paper shows that this central question, so cleverly and aptly avoided by libertarian paternalism (nudge), cannot always be avoided. The four thought experiments, while purely hypothetical, serve to raise and specify the critical arguments in a maximally clear and pure manner. The first purpose of the paper is, accordingly, to provide a litmus test on the readers’ stance on paternalism. We thus also survey and organize the various stances in the literature. The secondary purpose of this paper is to argue that paternalism cannot always be avoided and consumer sovereignty cannot always be respected. However, this argument will remain controversial.