我国外债规模与结构最优控制的非线性目标规划模型及应用

本文讨论了外债规模与结构最优控制的目标及对约束条件的确定,进而建立了优化外债规模与结构的非线性目标规划模型,并以中国的实际情况为实例进行了求解和分析．得到了我国外债最优的规模与结构及一些有意义的建议。     

武汉出口商品结构现状及对策

武汉市是中国内陆腹地城市同时也是中部地区最具发展潜力的中心城市,改革开放以来,武汉市的对外贸易工作积极承接国际和国内两大产业转移,不断优化出口商品结构,努力转变外贸增长方式.然而受全球经济危机影响,我国进出口贸易面临严峻的挑战,武汉市的进出口贸易也不容乐观.     

免费接送机场服务的多目标规划模型及算法

综合考虑了航空票务公司免费接送机场服务过程中的顾客满意度与成本,将顾客满意度这一定性因素量化,并将运输成本分为车次起用的固定费用和车辆运行的运行费用.由此建立了针对免费接送机场服务中车次分配与调度问题的以最大满意度和最小成本费用为目标的0-1混合整数规划模型.根据问题和模型的特点,提出基于C-W节约思想的两阶段启发式算法对该问题进行求解.最后通过实验仿真和结果分析,说明了模型的实用性和算法的有效性.     

目标规划方法下最优资本结构模型探讨

本文以企业资本结构为研究对象,在分析借鉴西方资本结构理论的基础上,结合资本结构研究的发展,提取了影响企业资本结构的几个敏感因素(资本结构、净资产收益率、企业经营面临的风险、企业资本增值保值、利息的偿还能力),通过运筹学中的目标规划这一研究工具,规划这些敏感因素,得到企业最优资本结构模型,从而服务于企业资本结构的优化.     

我国按地区和行业利用外资规模控制的非线性目标规划模型及应用

本文讨论了利用外资按地区和行业规模控制的目标及约束条件的确定,进而建立了按地区和行业利用外资的最优控制的非线性目标规划模型,并以中国为实际案例进行了求解和分析,得到了我国按地区和行业利用外资的最优规模及一些有意义的对策建议。     

求解非线性二层规划问题的模拟植物生长算法

本文以植物向光性生长理论为启发式准则,提出了一种求解非线性二层规划问题的智能优化算法。在该算法中,将二层规划上层解空间和下层反应集分别作为植物的两个生长环境,建立以生长规则为基础的植物系统演绎方式和以植物向光性理论为基础的概率生长模型,两者结合所形成的优化模式,实现了模拟植物从初始状态到完整形式的终态(没有新的树枝生长),从而得到二层规划问题的解。该方法具有搜索精度较高,求解稳定性较强的特点,通过与国外学者在非线性二层规划实际测试问题的最优值进行精度比较,表明模拟植物生长算法是有效可行的。     

热电运行优化的随机规划模型和离散算法

本文给出了一类热电厂运行优化的随机规划模型,并且给出了它的离散算法及其收敛性质。所得的结果也适用于一些泛出条件极值问题,具有广泛的应用价值和理论意义。     

供应商优选的多目标混合整数规划模型

供应商评价和选择是全球制造和全球竞争的需要.在运营管理文献中,供应商优选和评价已经成为主要话题之一.建立了多目标整数规划模型,试图实现在满足多约束条件下,供应商选择的多目标权衡优选问题,并对一些大型重要企业进行了调研,对此模型进行实证检验.     

An Objective Review of the Journal of Organizational Behavior Management

Abstract

This article presents an objective review and analysis of every article published in the Journal of Organizational Behavior Management (JOBM) between 1987 and 1997. The purpose of this review was to replicate and extend the research conducted by Balcazar, Shup-ert, Daniels, Mawhinney, and Hopkins (1989) by providing an objective review and analysis of the second decade of JOBM publications. In doing so, we analyzed several noteworthy trends and patterns occurring within the second decade of the Journal and compared them with the first decade, where applicable. Additionally, we discussed the extent to which the Journal has continued to meet its objectives, and we offered recommendations for future JOBM publications. In general, we found evidence that the Journal has continued to grow in meaningful ways, and we report data that indicate it continues, to some extent, to meet its original objectives. Author affiliation remains largely in academe, although there is evidence that more collaboration is occurring with non-academic authors. The variety of topics addressed by JOBM researchers continues to grow, and the frequency of work simulation studies has increased as well. We also identified areas where future JOBM research could be improved. In particular, more studies should include information on the reliability and social validity of the independent and dependent variables, cost/benefit analyses, and follow-up data.     

Review of Empirical Studies in Multiobjective Mathematical Programming: Subject Reflection of Nonlinear Utility and Learning

Multiple objective programming provides a means of aiding decision makers facing complex decisions where trade-offs among conflicting objectives must be reconciled. Interactive multiobjective programming provides a means for decision makers to learn what these trade-offs involve, while the mathematical program generates solutions that seek improvement of the implied utility of the decision maker. A variety of multiobjective programming techniques have been presented in the multicriteria decision-making literature. This study reviews published studies with human subjects where some of these techniques were applied. While all of the techniques have the ability to support decision makers under conditions of multiple objectives, a number of features in applying these systems have been tested by these studies. A general evolution of techniques is traced, starting with methods relying upon linear combinations of value, to more recent methods capable of reflecting nonlinear trade-offs of value. Support of nonlinear utility and enhancing decision-maker learning are considered.     

Decision Models for Robot Selection: A Comparison of Ordinary Least Squares and Linear Goal Programming Methods

The profusion of robot designs, the cost of testing, and the fact that robot operational parameter maximums are often mutually exclusive are factors that create a complex selection decision for the potential user. While formal robot testing standards are now in place, formal techniques to select robots for the testing process have not been addressed. A linear goal programming model is an effective tool for the decision maker for optimizing the robot selection process in terms of requirement priorities. It is also shown that this model provides a more stable result than the ordinary least squares estimator in the presence of statistical outliers of robot parameters. The methodology is illustrated through the use of current robot specifications.     

A Multiple Objective Embedded Network Model for Human Resource Planning and an Implementation of the Tchebycheff Method

A multiple objective embedded network model is proposed to model a variety of human resource planning problems including executive succession planning, compensation planning, training program design, diversity management and human systems design. The Tchebycheff Method, an interactive multiple objective programming solution procedure developed by Steuer and Choo [32], is implemented using NETSIDE, a computer routine for solving network problems with side constraints developed by Kennington and Whisman [17]. This paper demonstrates how the network structure common to many types of human resource planning problems can be exploited to improve solution efficiency, and how our approach extends the use of network models in human resource planning by including multiple objectives and extranetwork constraints. An illustrative example demonstrating the modeling and solution approach is presented, and the potential applications of these approaches in two specific areas of human resource planning are discussed.     

Economic ordering policy of deteriorated item for vendor and buyer: An integrated approach

This study develops an economic ordering policy of a deteriorating item with a constant production and demand rate. By considering the view of both the vendor and buyer, a mathematical model subject to single-vendor-single-buyer and multiple deliveries per order is developed. It can be shown that the integrated approach results in an impressive cost-reduction compared with an independent decision by the buyer.     

中国上市公司治理水平及其对绩效影响的实证研究

本文构建了中国上市公司治理水平的评价指数,并据此对中国上市公司治理水平的现状、影响因素以及与绩效的关系进行了实证分析。研究结果表明:我国上市公司治理水平总体不高;股权结构对公司治理水平具有显著影响,政府控股型公司的治理水平最高,国有资产管理机构控股型公司的治理水平要高于国有法人控股型公司,而一般法人控股型及股权分散型公司的治理水平介于前两者之间 , 但不存在显著差异;公司治理水平对净资产收益率具有正向影响但对市净率却具有负向影响。本文最后给出了上述研究结论的政策意义。     

券商盈利空间的实证分析和策略研究

本文通过实证研究发现,在我国券商的三项主要业务中,自营及传统的委托理财业务,从中长期看是券商风险最大的业务;经纪业务是券商收入结构中的主要部分;投行业务虽然行业利润并不高,但却较为稳定,还有很大的拓展空间。目前我国券商的业务结构并不符合各项业务的上述特点,存在着风险与收益的不对称,因此券商需要重新调整业务结构、业务规模和赢利模式。业务调整的核心是:向以中介为特点的金融服务方向转型。政策上,应该创造有利于券商创新的公平合理的竞争环境。     

Channel Strategies for Durable Goods: Coexistence of Selling and Leasing to Individual and Corporate Consumers

In durable goods markets, such as those for automobiles or computers, the coexistence of selling and leasing is common as is the existence of both corporate and individual consumers. Leases to corporate consumers affect the price of used goods on the second‐hand market which in turn affect the buying and leasing behavior of individual consumers. The setting of prices (or volumes) for sale and lease to individual and corporate consumers is a complicated problem for manufacturers. We consider a manufacturer who concurrently sells and leases a finitely durable good to both individual and corporate consumers. The interaction between the manufacturer and consumers is modeled as a dynamic sequential game, where each player seeks to maximize its own payoff over an infinite horizon. We study how the corporate channel substitutability of new goods and used goods and transaction costs in the second‐hand market affect the manufacturer's pricing decisions, consumer behavior, and social welfare in the retail market. Making a number of simplifying assumptions, including two‐period lifetime for the finitely durable goods, we consider Markov Perfect Equilibrium as the solution concept. We show that the manufacturer can maximize her profit by segmenting consumers according to their willingness to pay. Selling and leasing are the mechanisms used for price discrimination in the retail market. We show that as she leases a larger share of her production to the corporate consumer, (1) the manufacturer does not necessarily have to adjust the optimal selling price of new goods to individual consumers, and the volume of sales of new goods to individual consumers can stay the same; (2) the manufacturer does increase the retail lease price, and the number of individual leases decreases; (3) the net supply of used goods on the market increases, leading to a lower market price for used goods; and (4) more individual consumers are able to participate in the market, and their collective welfare or net utility improves. We also show that as production costs increase the manufacturer increases prices, reducing volumes across all channels. When transaction costs increase, the manufacturer reduces leasing in both corporate and retail channels.     

核心自我评价、组织支持对主客观职业成功的影响:人-情境互动的视角

以212名企业员工为研究对象,考察了核心自我评价、组织支持以及二者的交互作用对主客观职业成功的影响。研究结果表明:主观职业成功(工作、职业和生活满意度)和客观职业成功(收入、晋升次数和速度)是2种相关但不同的职业成功类型;核心自我评价和组织支持对主客观职业成功均有一定的影响,但它们对客观职业成功的影响效果弱于社会-人口和人力资本特征;与特质激发理论相一致,核心自我评价和组织支持在对职业成功的影响上存在一定的交互效应,表现为组织支持会强化核心自我评价对职业成功的正向影响,且高核心自我评价的员工在得到高组织支持时有最高的职业成功水平。