我国企业核心竞争力财务评价体系研究

本文以企业核心竞争基础理论为起点,系统阐述了研究企业核心竞争力的现实意义,以及国内现阶段的企业核心竞争力财务评价指标体系优缺点,并尝试构建我国企业核心竞争力的财务评价体系.     

企业财务核心竞争能力评价

在竞争环境日趋复杂的今天,企业财务管理必须树立竞争意识,培育核心竞争能力.本文界定了财务核心竞争能力的概念;运用核心竞争力的识别和评价标准,设计了企业财务核心竞争能力评价的指标体系;采用模糊层次分析法,进行了企业财务核心竞争力的综合评价.     

企业核心竞争力的灰色关联度评价方法

核心竞争力的评价可以从多个维度进行,从核心竞争力的特征中抽取出获利能力和不可模仿性2个主要因素,建立二维评价空间,每个企业核心竞争力在该空间中都有唯一对应的位置。依据科学的评价指标体系,通过计算各企业核心竞争力与"理想公司"核心竞争力的灰色关联度,对其核心竞争力大小进行评价,并在二维评价空间中进行定位,观察不同企业核心竞争力在空间中的分布情况,即可比较其核心竞争力的相对强弱。     

基于PSO优化SVM的建筑企业核心竞争力评价

从知识资本的角度出发,通过对影响建筑企业核心竞争力的因素进行了全面的分析,构建出了较为完善的建筑企业核心竞争力评价指标体系。在此基础上,提出了一种新的模型—PSO-SVM模型对建筑企业核心竞争力进行评价,该模型是处理小样本事件的最优选择,最后通过实例验证了该模型在建筑企业核心竞争力评价中的可行性和有效性。     

从资源观角度分析第三方物流企业的核心竞争力

本文根据资源观和核心竞争力的理论研究结果,结合我国第三方物流企业的现状,建立了企业核心竞争力评价指标模型,并采取多层次模糊综合评价方法进行评价分析。然后,以问卷调查方式、数据分析,对某第三方物流企业的核心竞争力进行评价。实证研究表明,本文构建的评价指标体系具有实用性,评价结果与事实相符,对第三方物流企业培育和提升核心竞争力有一定的借鉴意义。     

基金公司评价指标体系构建浅析

基金公司核心竞争力评价研究的重要内容之一就是如何选择各重要能力子系统的构成指标。因此本文将对基金公司各重要能力子系统进行简单介绍和深入分析,最后建立基金公司核心竞争力评价指标体系。     

我国家电企业核心竞争力的评价指标体系研究

结合当前我国家电企业的特点，本文设计出一个用以评价、分析我国家电企业核心竞争力的指标体系，利用AHP法与专家评判相结合的方法对指标体系进行了评价。并通过实例分析表明该指标体系和评价模型的通用性和科学性。     

基于洋葱模型的经济型连锁酒店核心竞争力提升对策研究

针对我国经济型连锁酒店市场竞争激烈,核心竞争力亟需提升和完善等问题,基于洋葱模型,结合经济型连锁酒店的自身特点,通过分析我国经济型连锁酒店的现状,归纳出我国经济型连锁酒店的发展趋势,构建了经济型连锁型酒店核心竞争力的要素模型,以及经济型连锁酒店核心竞争力体系的评价指标体系,提出了我国经济型连锁酒店核心竞争力培育与提升的对策建议。     

研究型大学教授考评指标体系研究

参考国外大学的做法,按照工作重心不同将研究型大学教授划分为3种:科学研究型、科学教育型和科学实践型。在文献检索以及对M大学343位教授近3年履职考评情况统计分析的基础上,初步构建了研究型大学教授履职考评3级指标,并运用德尔菲法、层次分析法对各类教授履职考评指标赋予权重,为研究型大学核心人力资源开发提供了参考和借鉴。     

基于核心竞争力的上市公司财务能力综合评价

企业核心竞争力的大小,一定程度上取决于财务能力的强弱,因此科学测度一个企业的财务能力对于了解企业财务管理业绩,并有效地形成企业的核心竞争力有着十分重要的意义。本文建立了一套综合评价上市公司财务能力的指标体系,并以深市15家钢铁企业为例对上市公司财务能力进行分析与评价,最后提出了培育和增强上市公司财务能力的几点建议。     

Robust Ordinal Regression and Stochastic Multiobjective Acceptability Analysis in multiple criteria hierarchy process for the Choquet integral preference model

The paper deals with two important issues of Multiple Criteria Decision Aiding: interaction between criteria and hierarchical structure of criteria. To handle interactions, we apply the Choquet integral as a preference model, and to handle the hierarchy of criteria, we apply the recently proposed methodology called Multiple Criteria Hierarchy Process. In addition to dealing with the above issues, we suppose that the preference information provided by the Decision Maker is indirect and has the form of pairwise comparisons of criteria with respect to their importance and pairwise preference comparisons of some pairs of alternatives with respect to some criteria. In consequence, many instances of the Choquet integral are usually compatible with this preference information. These instances are identified and exploited by Robust Ordinal Regression and Stochastic Multiobjective Acceptability Analysis. To illustrate the whole approach, we show its application to a real world decision problem concerning the ranking of universities for a hypothetical Decision Maker.     

A multicriteria decision analysis model for faculty evaluation

In the context of increasing demands for social and financial accountability of universities, the required implementation of transparent faculty evaluation systems constitutes a challenge and an opportunity for universities strategically aligning the activity of academic staff with the university goals. However, despite growing interest in the performance appraisal of faculty, only a few reported studies propose models that cover the full range of academic activities and the models in use are typically based on ad hoc scoring systems that lack theoretical soundness. This article approaches faculty evaluation from an innovative comprehensive perspective. Based on the concepts and methods of multiple criteria value measurement, it proposes a new faculty evaluation model that addresses the whole range of academic activities and can be applied within and across distinct scientific areas, while respecting their specificities. Constructed through a socio-technical process, the model was designed for and adopted by the Instituto Superior Técnico, the engineering school of the Technical University of Lisbon. The model has a two-level hierarchical additive structure, with top-level evaluation areas specified by second-level evaluation criteria. A bottom non-additive third level accounts for the quantitative and qualitative dimensions of academic activity related to each evaluation criterion. The model allows (a) the comparison of the performance of academic staff with performance targets reflecting the strategic policy concerns of university management; (b) the definition of the multicriteria value profile of each faculty member at the top level of the evaluation areas; (c) the computation of an overall value score for each faculty member, through an optimisation procedure that makes use of a flexible system of weights and (d) the assignment of faculty members to rating categories.     

基于AHP的灰色关联法在企业战略决策中的应用研究

针对企业战略决策中的战略方案选择定量化问题,建立拟选方案的评价指标体系。在此基础之上,把层次分析法的思想融入到灰色关联法之中,运用层次分析法确定评价指标的权值,以待选方案的关联度作为评价标准,建立战略决策模型。最后,结合实际案例,对模型的建立过程和步骤进行验证,并与层次分析法所得的结果进行比较,证明了模型的可行性和有效性,而且对多方案多指标的决策更能体现其客观性。     

A robust ranking method extending ELECTRE III to hierarchy of interacting criteria,imprecise weights and stochastic analysis

A great majority of methods designed for Multiple Criteria Decision Aiding (MCDA) assume that all assessment criteria are considered at the same level, however, decision problems encountered in practice often impose a hierarchical structure of criteria. The hierarchy helps to decompose complex decision problems into smaller and manageable subtasks, and thus, it is very attractive for computational efficiency and explanatory purposes. To handle the hierarchy of criteria in MCDA, a methodology called Multiple Criteria Hierarchy Process (MCHP), has been recently proposed. MCHP permits to consider preference relations with respect to a subset of criteria at any level of the hierarchy. Here, we propose to apply MCHP to the ELECTRE III ranking method adapted to handle three types of interaction effects between criteria: mutual-weakening, mutual-strengthening and antagonistic effect. We also involve in MCHP an imprecise elicitation of criteria weights, generalizing a technique called the SRF method. In order to explore the plurality of rankings obtained by the ELECTRE III method for possible sets of criteria weights, we apply the Stochastic Multiobjective Acceptability Analysis (SMAA) that permits to draw robust conclusions in terms of rankings and preference relations at each level of the hierarchy of criteria. The novelty of the whole methodology consists of a joint consideration of hierarchical assessments of alternatives performances on interacting criteria, imprecise criteria weights, and robust analysis of ranking recommendations resulting from ELECTRE III. An example regarding the multiple criteria ranking of some European universities will show how to apply the proposed methodology on a decision problem.     

应用EN、PCA和RBF网络评价建设项目动态联盟的候选投标项目

基于建设项目动态联盟候选投标项目评价的内涵分析,确定了候选投标项目评价的决定因素,构建了候选投标项目评价的指标体系。首先通过计算欧氏贴近度,剔除了贴近度较小的指标,然后采用主成分分析将众多指标进行综合,消除样本间的信息重叠,降低RBF网络的输入维数。针对候选投标项目评价系统的非线性特征,采用RBF网络高度非线性映射能力,对某建设项目动态联盟的候选投标项目进行了评价。评价结果表明EN、PCA与RBF网络相结合的方法比PCA与RBF网络相结合的方法及单纯的RBF网络方法具有较高的精确度和较好的拟合效果。整个数据处理过程用软件完成,成本低廉、运算速度快捷,能够克服数据处理流程的复杂性,具有较好的实用性。     

In search of excellence: a case study of the first excellence initiative of Germany

As higher education policies are often associated with intense public spending, the evaluation and performance measurement of respective initiatives becomes increasingly crucial. An extensive and fruitful strand of literature has dealt with the assessment of university performance, yet mainly focused on point-in-time rather than period-of-time examinations. This study investigates the effects of Germany’s first Excellence Initiative, a political measure aimed at building up world-class universities to be able to compete in the globalizing research world. Relying on both qualitative and quantitative measures, taking into account a 15-year period from 1998 to 2012, we analyze the selection process and how and whether the Excellence Initiative fulfilled its ambitious goals. Our results suggest that not the political initiative per se, i.e. the treatment, but the announcement of the treatment triggered diverging performance paths within the German higher education system, thus positively contributed to augmented research performance of the promoted universities. Based on these findings, we provide policy recommendations and avenues for future research.     

带有潜变量的结构方程模型在突发事件应急管理中的应用

如何使事件与机构挂钩是突发事件应急管理中的一个重要问题;通过带有潜变量的结构方程模型能够建立起事件与机构之间的定量联系,从而为进一步对机构作评价和制定考核标准提供依据。     

A classification approach based on the outranking model for multiple criteria ABC analysis

The multiple criteria ABC analysis is widely used in inventory management, and it can help organizations to assign inventory items into different classes with respect to several evaluation criteria. Many approaches have been proposed in the literature for addressing such a problem. However, most of these approaches are fully compensatory in multiple criteria aggregation. This means that an item scoring badly on one or more key criteria could be placed in good classes because these bad performances could be compensated by other criteria. Thus, it is necessary to consider the non-compensation in the multiple criteria ABC analysis. To the best of our knowledge, the ABC classification problem with non-compensation among criteria has not been studied sufficiently. We thus propose a new classification approach based on the outranking model to cope with such a problem in this paper. However, the relational nature of the outranking model makes the search for the optimal classification solution a complex combinatorial optimization problem. It is very time-consuming to solve such a problem using mathematical programming techniques when the inventory size is large. Therefore, we combine the clustering analysis and the simulated annealing algorithm to search for the optimal classification. The clustering analysis groups similar inventory items together and builds up the hierarchy of clusters of items. The simulated annealing algorithm searches for the optimal classification on different levels of the hierarchy. The proposed approach is illustrated by a practical example from a Chinese manufacturer. Furthermore, we validate the performance of the approach through experimental investigation on a large set of artificially generated data at the end of the paper.     

科学基金项目立项评估:综合评价信息可靠性的多指标证据推理规则研究

公正合理的科研项目立项评估与选择是国家自然科学基金管理活动的关键环节。综合考虑科研项目的评估指标体系和选择流程,提出了利用历史评估准确性度量专家提供信息可靠性的方法,进而提出了一种系统性的基于证据推理规则的科学基金项目评估决策模型。该模型使用证据推理合成规则对多专家多指标评估信息进行集结。在集结过程中：充分考虑评估指标的权重以及评估等级的多样性;鉴于参与项目评估的专家具有不同的知识背景和经验,提出利用历史评估结果的准确性衡量专家提供的评价信息可靠性的方法;应用信度分布表征项目的整体评价结果,包含了更丰富的信息。国家自然科学基金项目评估的实例分析证明了该评估决策模型的有效性。