A mixed-methods investigation of successful aging among older women engaged in sports-based versus exercise-based leisure time physical activities

This mixed-methods study compares active older women in different physically based leisure activities and explores the difference in subjective ratings of successful aging and quantifiable predictors of success. A survey was administered to 256 women, 60–92 years of age, engaged in a sports- or exercise-based activity. Quantitative data were analyzed through ANOVA and multiple regression. Qualitative data (n = 79) was analyzed using the approach associated with means-end theory. While participants quantitatively appeared similar in terms of successful aging, qualitative interviews revealed differences in activity motivation. Women involved in sports highlighted social/psychological benefits, while those involved in exercise-based activities stressed fitness outcomes.     

Aging in precarious times: Exploring the role of gender in shaping views on aging

ABSTRACT

The present study explores views on aging and how these differ according to gender and precariousness status. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 men and 10 women with secure and insecure pensions. Themes like fear of illness and health decline were more present in men, while fear of losing their attractiveness in old age more present among women. For all participants, loss of autonomy and social roles represented a negative view of old age, while activity in the form of work, volunteering, or leisure represented positive views. Differences in views on aging were related to pension security and less to gender. Women with insecure pension plans displayed the most negative views of aging. Implications for practice and policy to prevent health and gender inequalities are discussed.     

The effect of couples education on marital satisfaction in menopausal women

ABSTRACT

Inviting husbands to come to terms with women’s adaptation to the phenomenon of menopause is beneficial. The aim of this research was to uncover the effect of couples education on marital satisfaction. This study was performed on 80 menopausal women accompanied by their husbands. The intervention group received four sessions of couples education. The results showed that the mean increase in the rate of marital satisfaction after couples education in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control. Short-term couples education has a significant positive effect on marital satisfaction. Therefore, this counseling strategy can be integrated into health-care programs.     

Aging Public Services and the Position of Older Women: An Australian Case Study

Contemporary labor markets are characterized by both aging of the workforce and the increase in participation of women. At the intersection of these two policy agendas are older women. Governments and employers recognize the importance of attracting and retaining older workers to address skills shortages, but the aging workforce discourse remains largely gender neutral. This research considers the intersection of age and gender in the context of public services, which are large employers of both women and older workers. It focuses on the agencies in an Australian state public service. The research finds that, despite decades of equal opportunity programs, there is still evidence of subtle inequalities and cumulative disadvantage. While the case study agencies employ a large proportion of older women, these women were generally recruited at younger ages and aged within the workforce. Their advancement and development opportunities were also inferior to those of older men. Despite these lesser opportunities, older women are generally very satisfied with their employment, and the employer should explore these residual inequalities if genuinely seeking to attract and retain all older workers.     

日本人口少子化与养老金制度改革

少子化是近年来发达国家人口发展的一种新趋势,给社会经济发展带来很大影响,其中对社会保障的影响最大。本文通过对日本少子化发展趋势及养老金制度改革的分析,透视日本人口少子化对养老金体系的冲击及养老金制度改革的未来走向。     

Demographics,the Third Age and partial retirement: Policy proposals to accommodate the changing picture of female retirement in Canada

Much concern has been raised around the potential impact of the retirement of the large baby boom generation. This article specifically addresses the unique issues surrounding the retirement of female baby boomers. Demographic changes, including increased labor force participation, coupled with declining fertility rates, have resulted in a social transformation of the roles women play in society. Despite these changes, women still bear much of the caregiving responsibilities in the household, which can complicate retirement choices. This article examines female retirement in the Canadian context and presents three policy proposals to expand women’s retirement choices, encourage longer-term labor force participation, and thereby extend their working lives into the Third Age.     

The impact of minority group status on the projected retirement income of divorced women in the baby boom cohort

Using projections from the Social Security Administration's Modeling Income in the Near Term (MINT1), we examine the characteristics and retirement income of white non-Hispanic, black non-Hispanic, and Hispanic divorced women in the baby boom cohort. Although we find significant differences in retirement income for divorced women of different racial and ethnic groups, the characteristics associated with higher or lower retirement income are very similar. That is, being college educated, owning a home, and having pension and asset income, for example, correspond to increased retirement income for all racial and ethnic groups. However, because black and Hispanic women are less likely than white women to be college educated, to own their home, and to have pension and asset income, their retirement income tends to be lower than that of white women. We conclude the paper by briefly discussing policy options to address the retirement needs of divorced women.     

Wife or frau,women do worse: A comparison of men and women in the United States and Germany after marital dissolution

Longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and the German Socio-Economic Panel show that in the Federal Republic of Germany, women experience even sharper drops in economic status immediately after a marital split than in the United States, while German and American men fare about the same. German social policy does little to reduce the disparities.     

日本老龄人口就业结构及启示

日本是发达国家中进入老龄化最晚但发展速度最快的国家,为了解决老龄化造成的压力,日本政府及相关部门很旱就开始了对老龄人力资源利用的研究与实践,并逐渐形成了一整套政策措施。本研究试图通过对日本老龄人力资源就业结构的分析,为我国的老龄人力资源开发利用提供借鉴与参考。     

山东省东西部人口老龄化差异评析

山东省是人口大省,人口老龄化进程很快,2000年底,65岁及以上人口所占比重已达到8.12%。并且其人口老龄化还存在很大的地区差异,本文拟从人口老龄化程度、人口老龄化速度以及老龄人口学特征方面加以对比评析,继而探究这种地区差异形成的原因。     

The effect of retirement on health and mortality in the United States

Journal of Population Research - Cuba and Denmark represent states with different welfare models that have reached the same level of life expectancy. The purpose was to investigate and compare...     

中国老龄化对社会经济可持续发展的影响分析

人口老龄化与可持续发展是当今国际社会共同关注的两个重大问题。老龄化成为世界人口发展的普遍趋势,可持续发展是国际社会的共同发展战略。因此,如何保持社会经济的可持续发展和使老龄化与社会经济协调发展,成为我们必须研究和解决的一个重要问题。本文从人口老龄化与可持续发展的辨正关系着手,结合我国老龄化发展状况,运用2000年最新“回填”数据对未来人口发展进行百年预测,以此为依据分析老龄化对社会经济产生的不同影响,为国家制定可持续发展战略提供一定的参考价值。     

The effect of living in communal homes on the depressive symptoms of older women living in rural areas: the mediating role of the socio-physical environment

ABSTRACT

This study examined the effects of the village communal living model on depressive symptoms, focusing on mediating roles of perceived environment among rural older women in South Korea. Data came from the sample of residents in 18 housings and their peers in the conventional housing (n = 168). Propensity score analysis and structural equation modeling were used. The results showed the effect of living in VCH on depressive symptoms was mediated distinct aspect of socio-physical environment.     

The Paradox of Impossible Beauty: Body Changes and Beauty Practices in Aging Women

The aim of this article is to describe and understand the experience of aesthetic body changes in women between 65 and 75 years old. To approach the issue, 29 in-depth interviews were conducted in Marseille in 2011. Following a brief review of contemporary Western aesthetics, we will examine the marks of time women perceive as stigmatizing and analyze beauty practices that aim to conceal or repair them. The last part of this article will be devoted to the experience of the aesthetic body and in particular show how aging can paradoxically have a beneficial effect on some women.     

对我国当前人口老龄化问题研究的概念和理论探析

目前国内关于人口老龄化研究的文献中对人口老龄化的概念理解有明显的误区,并由此导致对人口老龄化问题、特点的认识不科学;人口老龄化的社会经济影响问题的研究方法论存在明显的不足,并就此提出自己的见解。     

The female aging body: A systematic review of female perspectives on aging,health, and body image

While most body image research has focused on young female populations, evidence has shown that as few as 12% of older women are satisfied with their body size. Recent studies have also highlighted how anti-aging discourses are promoting unrealistic body norms, which have shown to contribute to poor body image and altered health behaviors. A systematic review of empirical studies focused on older women’s perspectives of health, body image, and the aging body is presented. Findings support that body image is a persistent, lifelong issue for women and should be considered when implementing healthy aging policies and practices.     

广东人口老龄化对经济社会的影响及其对策思考

广东人口老龄化既有人口老龄化进程中的普遍特征,又有在改革开放和社会主义现代化建设中先行一步这一背景下的突出特点。文章在利用广东人口发展战略研究资料和广东省全国1％人口抽样调查资料分析广东人口老龄化基本状况及特点的基础上,研究和探讨人口老龄化对经济社会的影响及应对人口老龄化的对策,并提出对策建议。     

迁移与滞留：广东省人口老化的区域特征研究

论文描述了广东省人口老化的基本过程,分别从经济区、大城市、农村、外来人口聚集区与人口大规模外流区等多个层面上分析了人口老龄化的区域特征。指出了区域发展不平衡导致的青年人的流动和老年人口滞留在经济相对滞后的区域是影响人口老化区域差异的重要因素。     

The effects of defamilization and familization measures on the accumulation of retirement income for women in the UK

This article is concerned with the link between the effects of pro-market pension reforms on women and familization/defamilization measures. It aims to contribute to the study of this link in three ways. Firstly, it identifies defamilization/familization measures that have the potential to reduce negative effects of pro-market pension measures on women. Secondly, based on the examples from the United Kingdom, it shows that the government’s willingness to provide sufficient defamilization/familization measures to assist women to deal with the negative effects of the pro-market pension measures should not be taken for granted. Thirdly, it suggests ways for tackling this problem.     

新疆老年人口结构差异及其问题研究--基于新疆第四次、五次和六次人口普查数据的分析

中国社会已然进入老龄化社会,老龄问题成为中国未来经济社会发展的重大社会问题之一。新疆作为多民族地区和经济欠发达地区,其老龄化问题有其自身特征,进行区域性的老龄化结构问题研究能够了解新疆老龄化的现状和具体问题,为解决区域性的老龄化问题提供科学依据,促进新疆地方性社会的长治久安。基于新疆第四、五和六三次人口普查资料的统计分析,研究发现,新疆老年人口结构存在区域性不平衡、汉族老龄化进程快于少数民族、老龄人社会经济地位较低、老龄妇女问题较为突出和老年公共文化需求等方面的问题。文章提出推进区域老年经济产业发展、对汉族老龄化进行政策干预、推进地方产业结构升级、发展老龄妇女养老服务事业和老年社会公共文化建设的对策建议。