浅议企业家与企业文化的关系

企业家和企业文化是企业内部独立且又紧密相连的两个概念,它们对企业的发展意义和作用重大,本文将企业家和企业文化联系起来,在首先对企业文化和企业家的内涵、特征等进行明确界定和分析的基础上对二者的关系进行展开,结合事例论述企业家在企业文化的创建、适应、革新阶段所起的主导作用,以及企业文化对企业家的塑造培育的反作用,之后对现阶段中国企业家对企业文化存在的认识误区进行简单分析并提出改进措施。     

刍议企业家与企业家精神

现代社会是企业社会,作为企业的领导者,企业家的精神对社会、企业都有着重要的影响。因此,探讨企业家与企业家精神具有重要现实意义。     

企业家社会资本对企业创新绩效的研究综述

本文总结了从企业家个人特征来研究企业家与企业创新关系的不足之处,分析了企业家的社会维度,概述了创新理论的演变,指出了创新理论的发展过程实际上是一个社会变量被引入的过程。在总结国内外学者仅从企业家社会网络或社会关系或信用单一研究视角的基础上,指明了以后的研究应从多维度、多行业、多阶段来研究企业家社会资本与企业创新绩效的研究方向。     

企业家成长30年：企业家精神引领企业迈向高质量发展——中国企业家队伍成长与发展30年调查综合报告

本文以中国企业家调查系统课题组自1993年到2022年的问卷追踪调查内容和主要发现为基础，以近30年的经济社会变迁和企业发展为背景，从企业家队伍的成长历程、企业发展面临的挑战与企业家引领企业高质量发展3个方面，回顾总结了中国企业家队伍的成长轨迹与历史阶段，分析了其中影响因素及变化规律、取得的进步和存在的问题，提出了以不断丰富升华的企业家精神引领企业高质量发展的政策建议。     

企业家代言的自我效应影响因素研究

以信息处理理论为基础,从品牌联合视角,探究企业家代言行为的自我效应.基于369份调查问卷的数据表明,企业家为他人企业代言具备以下4个前置变量会显著影响企业家自身企业品牌绩效:企业家形象与代言品牌形象关联性、企业家自身企业品牌与代言品牌关联性、企业家信息展示意外性和企业家自身企业与代言企业的品牌资产不对称性.消费者对企业家代言广告的态度是中介变量.     

企业家心理资本对战略变革的影响研究——以认知为中介变量

不同的企业家面对相同的环境为何会作出不同的反应?理论界认为心理资本影响了企业家的行为表现。然而,关于企业家心理资本如何影响战略变革的作用机制,鲜有研究。本文通过理论回顾,遵循"心理——认知——行为"的研究路径,提出研究假设,认为企业家心理资本能够促进企业的战略变革,其中,企业家认知起到中介作用,组织认同和企业家社会资本调节了企业家认知对战略变革的作用。     

企业家创新投资决策的进化博弈分析

本文创建了从单阶段创新投资决策到多阶段创新投资决策的进化博弈均衡模型,将处于相同境况的企业家视为一个群体,将企业家个体的决策置身于企业家群体决策中,则个体企业家选择某种策略从企业家群体角度来看就是以一定的概率选择该种策略。面对高收益与高风险并存的创新投资,企业家进化稳定均衡策略形成不但取决于企业自身的特性,而且依赖于其竞争对手的决策。创新投资具有正的外部性,政府应该建立创新激励制度。     

制度转型环境下的中国企业家精神研究

转型经济的背景下,所有制结构与企业规模的差异必然导致企业发展轨迹的不同,这也为中国企业家精神的发展提供了多元化的实践平台。基于资源与能力视角的研究表明,大型非国有企业最利于企业家精神的发展,而大型国有企业则限制了企业家精神的发挥,小型企业则因所有制的差异对企业家精神的发展各有利弊。     

企业家人力资本的自我甄别与市场配置--企业家人力资本的理论模型及其涵义

以往的企业家理论主要集中在对企业家的行为特征进行研究.但是企业家理论的关键是企业家个体怎样向市场传递其企业家信息并被市场选择.张维迎博士提出的"个人财富--企业家能力"模型在此做了开拓性的研究,提出了个人财富是企业家能力信息的市场显示的原理,但在许多方面还需要讨论.本文在该模型基础上,通过引入企业家人力资本的概念,提出企业家的人力资本模型.这一模型把企业家的选择分为两个阶段企业家人力资本的积累和企业家人力资本的配置.在企业家人力资本积累过程中个体完成了企业家资格的自我甄别,其中个体的先天心理特质和制度环境起着重要作用.企业家人力资本的配置是企业家人力资本的市场甄别,即市场对个体传递的企业家人力资本信号--学历、经历与业绩、个人资本和社会资本--进行甄别,以发现"真正"企业家人力资本,并完成企业家人力资本的配置.其中个人财富只是一个重要信号,而不是唯一信号.     

灵活信任、企业家能力资本化与治理--对家族化合伙创业企业的分析

本文对家族化合伙创业企业治理结构进行了研究.以个人信任和权威为主要特征的家族化治理结构,在企业成长的不同阶段呈现出阶段性的差异化,对收益索取权和经营控制权的调整是突破治理效率瓶颈的根本.本文指出,信任的灵活性、企业家能力差异度、企业家能力资本化过程等是影响这一过程的重要因素.     

创业研究回顾与展望

创业实践因新兴技术驱动的经济社会环境变革而发生了重大变化,涌现出了不少组织和战略理论甚至是创业研究也难以回答的新现象和新问题,这些现象和问题在中国情境下表现得非常突出,但并没有引起学者们的足够重视。基于此,本文采用扎根理论的编码设计,开展2008~2018年间发表的1842篇国际顶级创业研究文献的统计分析,在描述和评价研究主题发展态势和进展基础上,归纳出以创业前因、创业实施、创业结果与创业情境为体系的创业研究主题框架,进一步提出未来研究趋势和中国情境下开展创业研究的建议。研究结果对于推动我国创业研究的深化发展并开展具有国际学术影响力的高水平研究有着重要的理论价值。     

Review of female immigrant entrepreneurship research: Past findings,gaps and ways forward

We conduct a review of the literature on entrepreneurship by females with an ethnic minority background based on immigration to a new country and focus on entrepreneurial resources, entrepreneurial strategies, outcomes, and context. The intersection of gender and ethnicity influences entrepreneurship in specific ways that we discuss. The literature review indicates that particular (human, social, and financial) resources help shape entrepreneurial strategies, which in turn result in particular outcomes at the individual, firm, and societal levels. These factors are influenced by the co-ethnic and host country cultural and institutional contexts that we review. Situating our study in the mixed embeddedness perspective, we organize and synthesize extant research on the business endeavors of female immigrant entrepreneurs and discuss important gaps that provide opportunities for future research. We also address policy and practice implications.     

Far from Silicon Valley: How emerging economies are re-shaping our understanding of global entrepreneurship

In this paper we describe three distinct but interrelated processes — spillover and catch up, brokering and bottom up — that link globalization to entrepreneurship in emerging economies. We then outline an ambitious research agenda concerning entrepreneurship in the emerging economy context. Is most of such entrepreneurship Kirznerian or Schumpeterian? How do brokering processes work in this context? What informal and formal institutions will emerge to govern entrepreneurship? Does entrepreneurship at the base of the pyramid represent just another MNE-inspired spillover, or will the severe constraints lead to truly revolutionary innovations in business models, governance arrangements and social relations? Most fundamentally, will the entrepreneurial processes in emerging economies conform to or transform the organization of entrepreneurship as we know it?     

Transnational social capital and scientist entrepreneurship

This paper provides a link between social capital and the entrepreneurial activity of university scientists in the life sciences. The two main hypotheses are that social capital promotes scientist entrepreneurship and transnational social capital is conducive to scientist entrepreneurship. These hypotheses are tested using a large data base of US scientists in the life sciences. The empirical results support the two main hypotheses. Social capital in general, and transnational social capital in particular, are found to enhance scientist entrepreneurship in the life sciences.     

Peer effects and intentional entrepreneurial behaviour: A systematic literature review and research agenda

What role peers play in individuals’ decisions to become entrepreneurs and to what extent peer effects play a role in influencing behaviours at the various stages of business venturing are important questions for scholars and policymakers. This systematic review takes stock of the recent additions to the literature around the phenomenon of peer influence in entrepreneurship. The review identified 2894 documents which were then narrowed down through three consecutive filtering stages. We thematically analysed the final sample of 27 empirical studies that shed light on how individual peers influence the process and outcomes of these individuals’ entrepreneurial intentions and behaviour, allowing for critical analysis. We propose a conceptual schema of social influence that occurs in interactions among entrepreneurial individuals within business venturing and across the three stages of pre-formation, formation and growth. Our framework reconciles the conceptual classification around discovering, evaluating and exploiting entrepreneurial opportunities with the mechanisms of social influence affecting entrepreneurial behaviours. Grounded in the findings of the literature review, this framework synthesizes peer influence in entrepreneurship with the tripartite distinction of the behavioural motives recognized in contemporary theories of social influence. We suggest promising directions for further research on how interactions with peers might affect individuals’ entrepreneurial behaviours.     

中国省域企业家精神的空间溢出效应研究

企业家精神的发展受到空间因素的影响,但之前大部分区域企业家精神影响因素实证研究都忽略了空间相关性,导致实证结果出现偏差。本文首先使用探索性空间数据分析工具研究了2000-2009年间中国各省域企业家精神的空间分布格局与特征,进一步从地理特征和社会经济特征两个方面建立空间权重矩阵,并运用空间面板数据模型考察了中国省域企业家精神的空间溢出效应。结果表明存在着全域范围的正的空间自相关性,并且局域相关显示出其空间集聚特征;中国省域企业家精神存在较强的空间溢出效应,相邻省份企业家创业活动对本省企业家创业活动有正向影响。基于模型分析结论,提出了引导创业资源空间合理流动、促进省域企业家精神发展等政策建议。     

Creative entrepreneurs’ creativity,opportunity recognition,and career success: Is resource availability a double-edged sword?

At the heart of the entrepreneurial process in creative industries are entrepreneurial creativity and opportunity recognition, which influence entrepreneurs’ ability to create new ventures or significantly improve the position of an existing business. Recent entrepreneurship research has suggested that resource availability represents a double-edged sword, simultaneously facilitating and impeding new venture outcomes, while little research has explored how entrepreneurial creativity, opportunity recognition, and resource availability jointly affect entrepreneurial career success. To address the theoretical gap, this paper examines the moderating role of resource availability in the relationship between entrepreneurial creativity, opportunity recognition and career success of creative entrepreneurs.To reflect the career success perceived by business founders in creative industries, five indicators of entrepreneurial success are examined, including career achievement, social reputation, entrepreneurial happiness, capability enhancement, and financial satisfaction. Hierarchical regression analysis empirically examines a sample of 296 entrepreneurs in creative industries. Results suggest that entrepreneurial creativity and opportunity recognition are positively related to entrepreneurial career success. We also find that resource availability generally strengthens the effect of entrepreneurial creativity and opportunity recognition on entrepreneur-perceived career success. Nevertheless, the relationship between opportunity recognition and financial satisfaction is found to be weakened by entrepreneurs’ resource availability. Integrating the theory of entrepreneurial effectuation and resource dependence theory, our findings indicate that entrepreneurial bricolage is crucial for creative entrepreneurship.     

Blazing new trails or opportunity lost? Evaluating research at the intersection of leadership and entrepreneurship

More than a decade ago, scholars formally conceptualized the potential synergy between leadership and entrepreneurship scholarship. Our work highlights research accomplishments occurring at the interface of these two intellectual areas as well as identifying untapped possibilities for continued research. We highlight how recent efforts have witnessed a mutual exchange of ideas that present opportunities benefiting both fields. Drawing from four key domains of entrepreneurship previously proposed to mutually inform future leadership research efforts, we make suggestions for integrating entrepreneurial opportunities, the roles of individual and entrepreneurial teams, the modes of organizing entrepreneurial ventures, and differing entrepreneurial environments with key trends important to leadership research, such as servant leadership and leader-member exchange theory. Overall, our work provides an assessment of the state of the art surrounding the coalescence of leadership and entrepreneurship research and sets an agenda for the next decade of research at this intersection.     

家族企业海归继承人创业学习过程研究——基于文化框架转换的多案例分析

继承人成长模式是目前中国家族企业理论和实践的热门议题,也是保障和提高家族企业跨代持续发展的首要问题。在家族企业传承和转型的关键时期,作为创业的主力军,家族企业海归继承人的多元文化经历和文化框架转换为其创业学习过程提供了独特资源和路径,本文基于文化心理学的动态建构主义视角,以6个家族企业的海归继承人为研究对象,采用探索性多案例研究方法,通过扎根理论的数据处理程序提炼基于文化框架转换的海归继承人创业学习关键过程要素,包括海外获取性创业学习、创业动机促发、实验性创业学习(直觉和编译创业学习)3个创业学习阶段中,文化构念网络可用性、通达性和情境适用性的构建策略及其与创业学习过程的互动协同机制,试图在家族企业传承背景下构建基于文化框架转换的家族企业海归继承人创业学习过程理论模型,从文化心理学视角解读文化框架转换对家族企业海归继承人创业学习方式、路径选择和创业能力形成的微观作用机制,为家族企业海归继承人这一独特创业群体的成长提供富有前景的答案,为家族企业传承和跨代创业提供启迪和借鉴。     

Knowledge Management for the Entrepreneurial Venture

We synthesize research from operations management, entrepreneurship, organizational science, and strategy to investigate the performance‐enhancing benefits of knowledge management activities throughout the entrepreneurial process of a high‐tech venture from idea conception to commercialization. We adopt a dynamic learning perspective of entrepreneurship to understand how knowledge management activities change throughout four phases of the venture's life cycle. We introduce a framework that identifies a set of knowledge‐based capabilities that enhance the entrepreneurial venture's success. In the context of the first phase, we discuss knowledge as a key driver of entrepreneurial alertness and creativity, both of which impact the quality and quantity of opportunities and innovations discovered. Second, we describe how knowledge enables the entrepreneur to make decisions under uncertainty such as determining which opportunity to pursue. For Phase 3 of the life cycle, we explore the challenges of managing knowledge during the development of the product or technology including the trade‐off between exploration and exploitation. In the final phase, we explore how knowledge impacts the market entry decision, survival, and the value captured at commercialization. We conclude the article with suggestions for future research.