青年学的知识体系、方法建构与发展进路(下)

青年学有自已独特的学理根基与知识体系。青年学的研究对象是青年及其发生发展过程;研究的逻辑起点是青年及其本质;研究的学术范畴是揭示青年身心发展的规律,青年与社会相互作用的规律,青年特殊需求的发生与引导的规律。青年学这门新兴的综合性学科,必然要吸纳众多学科理论研究青年的成果,对青年学研究应防止故作高深的苛求,让后来者视综合性研究为畏途。青年学的研究方法也应是各种科学研究方法在青年学学科建设中的综合,在综合中形成自己的方法论,应提倡在综合中创新,避免眼中只有某一种方法的单学科思维的局限。     

对“青年优先发展理论”的思考

"青年优先发展理论"伴随着社会演变,逐步从传统的青年学科理论研究体系中显现出来,且赋予了更多现代化属性。新常态下社会创新理论内涵的极大丰富,不仅使得青年发展相关研究的目标更加明晰,还源源不断地推动着青年学开放理论积极发展,值得当下青年学者持续深入探究。     

青年研究答问录

一、青年研究领域中建立青年学的必要性如何? 青年学的理论前提是什么? 我以为,在青年研究领域中主张建立一门“青年学”的思考是很有意义的。这表现在:①随着现代化的深入,社会已经充分意识到青年作为一个社会活动群体的主导价值是万万不可再漠然视之的了。②已经确立的青年心理学等学科由于只侧重对作为个体的青年心理历程     

青年学的知识体系、方法建构与发展进路(上)

我国的青年研究,发端于20世纪初的新文化运动时期,20世纪80年代进入到学科化发展的新阶段,运用多学科知识对青年作综合性研究的青年学,在社会需要的推动下,应时而兴。青年研究是青年学赖以发展的理论之源头和学科创建之根基,青年学是青年研究学科化的学术结晶,反过来又可以为青年研究的深化提供学理的指导和规律性引领。青年学所具有的运用多学科知识研究青年的综合性,有别于其他任何一门单学科。青年学在青年研究学科化中无可替代的地位,已是不争的事实,难以逆转的历史必然。     

青年思想概论(续)

(五)对青年的研究,就是对新一代人的研究。青年学就是在“代”这一领域中研究和探索人类发展的趋势。所以,作为理论的青年学,就是对新一代人本质的思考。青年学是以一种使人类对自己的认识获得充分发展的基本要求而出现的。因为,把青年作为一个社会问题提出来,无论是从社会的或是青年个人的角度提出,其原因至少有一部分是由于不确切地理解青年,或是根据这种错误的理解而进行的实践所造成的。     

青年学：走向自我完善的新兴学科

青年学是一门新兴的综合性学科，学科的基本框架是以青年学为基础性学科，重在揭示青年的本质特征、身心发展、个性变化和社会互动等方面的理论。而其他一些相关的学科如青年政治思想教育学、青年组织学、青年心理学、青年人才学、青年行为学则为应用性学科，组成了一个以青年学为中心的学科群。青年学作为一门学科应有历史、理论和应用三大部分。青年学应属于社会学的范畴，成为社会学的一个分支。     

欢迎投稿及订阅

<正>《当代青年研究》自1981年创刊以来,以其学术性、前瞻性面对读者,伴随着中国青年研究历程,凝聚了一大批著名专家学者,扶持了一大批社科新人,成为当代中国青年研究的坚实阵地和重要平台。今后,编辑部继续坚持"反映多种学科和各个领域中青年和青年工作的理论和实践,为繁荣理论和推动实际工作服务"的办刊宗旨,达到"贴近青少年、普及社科知识、提供实践指导"的工作目标。注重学术创新,大胆展开学术讨论,继续保持刊物百家争鸣的学术风格和高质量学术品位,加强主题栏目制。在此,感谢新老作者一直以来对本刊的支持和厚爱,热忱欢迎您的投稿与订阅。主要栏目为:青年基础理论、青年价值观、青年参与、青年社会运动、青年流动、青年观察、青年文化、青年就业、青年工作、青年婚恋、青年消费、青少年热点问题、青年志愿者、青年宗教研究、     

田野、叙事和结构：青年研究的人类学进路——兼论青年研究从对策性到解释性的转型

青年研究和青年学两者不能混为一谈。表面繁荣与热闹的青年研究，以及一大批冠以《青年学》名义问世的成果，并不能掩盖青年研究事实上处于前学科时代的状态。本文试图理解这种宏大建构愿望与现实学科建设之间的张力，并在文化人类学的思考路径下，从田野、叙事和解释三种思考维度中，寻找一条但并不是唯一的从青年研究到青年学的可能性路径。     

学科建制与知识体系危机:我国青年学学科化建设的困境与超越

如今我国青年学学科化建设面临着学术建制困境和知识体系困境,而且两者已经出现了"叠加共振"效应,对处于初创之期的青年学而言是关系生死存亡的生存性困境。青年学如何突破发展困境,转危为安,是青年学学科化建设必须认真思考的重大问题。青年学必须坚持再学科化的建设发展方向,从学术建设和知识体系两个方面实现青年学学科化困境的突破,从而保障青年学学科知识生产的高质量增长。     

论青年学的学科独立性

改革开放以来,由于青年理论工作者的艰辛努力,已经发表了不少青年研究方面的文章,出版了一些由我国学者自己编写的青年学教材或专著,几乎所有团系统的院校都开设了青年学课程,使这门学科在我国得到了较快发展。但是,笔者认为,青年学在我国青年科学体系中并未真正牢固确定它的地位。事实上,青年学的学科独立性在我国仍是一个有待确定的课题。青年学的学科独立性在我国面临的挑战来自青年社会学、青年文化学、青年人类学、青年未来学等学科,并分析其产生的原因。在此基础上,提出了构建一门独立学科的青年学的建议及思路。     

Back and Forth and Beyond

The Journal invited Tom Andersen, author of major pioneering work on the reflecting team, and his colleagues, to offer comment on The Reflecting Team Process in Training. We thought such a north-south dialogue was in keeping with the spirit of reflecting teams, and the team members in Melbourne and Tromsø agree — Editor.     

Time and aging--mechanisms and meanings

A recent European Molecular Biology Laboratory Conference on Science and Society entitled "Time & Aging--Mechanisms & Meanings" fascinated scientists from different research areas as well as nonscientists. Topics discussed included not only the biological aging process but also the psychological effects of aging and social influences that affect this process.     

Arts and Crafts and Reconstruction

Abstract

This paper examines the role of arts and crafts in reconstructing communities after times of upheaval, their use in creating employment opportunities, and their impact on the nature of South African art history. It looks at craft initiatives during and after the Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002, and draws parallels with early twentieth-century initiatives, particularly those of Florence Phillips, who founded the Johannesburg Art Gallery in 1910, Emily Hobhouse, who established Boer home industries, and the South African National Union, which promoted the manufacture and use of local products.     

Sexual Compulsivity and Sexual Behaviors Among Gay and Bisexual Men and Lesbian and Bisexual Women

Within the existing body of research, the information pertaining to sexual compulsivity (SC) among women, both homo- and heterosexual, remains rather limited in comparison to men. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SC in a community sample of gay and bisexual men and lesbian and bisexual women and to identify differences in sexual practices based on classification as sexually compulsive within gender. Supporting previous research, the findings indicated that gay and bisexual men were significantly higher in SC when compared to lesbian and bisexual women. Similarly, sexually compulsive gay and bisexual men were more likely to report drug use with sex than their non-sexually compulsive peers, suggesting that “party n' play” may play a larger role for men with SC. In addition, the findings demonstrated empirical support for the proposition that lesbian and bisexual women with symptoms of SC were more likely to engage in specialized sexual behaviors in comparison to their non-sexually compulsive peers. These data suggest that SC manifests differently in gay, lesbian, and bisexual men and women.     

Thinking and Speech and Protocol Analysis

Some form of verbal report—that is, a research participant' s concurrent or retrospective verbal account of thought processes during problem-solving activities—has been used throughout this century as the database from which psychologists have developed theories of human mentation. Newell and Simon (1972) and Ericsson and Simon (1980, 1993) have provided extensive justification for using one such method, protocol analysis, as a tool for investigating cognition from an information-processing (IP) perspective. Their arguments have characterized protocol analysis as a methodology capable of providing evidence of the ways in which people attend to information stored in short-term memory to solve problems, with the evidence providing them with the grounds from which to generate models of human cognitive processes. A different view of protocol analysis is available from the perspective of cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) based on the work of Vygotsky (1987), Leont'ev (1981), and others, and its concern with the mediation of human development by culturally and historically grounded signs and tools. Because of its emphasis on culturally channeled development, a CHAT perspective views speech, including the speech that serves as evidence for cognition in psychological research, as a tool that potentially enables changes in consciousness. In this article I outline a CHAT perspective that accounts for protocol analysis along three key dimensions: (a) the relation between thinking and speech from a representational standpoint, (b) the social role of speech in research methodology, and (c) the influence of speech on thinking during data collection. The purpose of this discussion is not to refute the IP perspective on protocol analysis but to illustrate how this method can be viewed through a CHAT lens and to identify alternative assumptions that must be made to use it from a CHAT perspective.     

Evening and night work schedules and children's social and emotional well-being

ABSTRACT

An emerging body of evidence shows that parents’ non-standard work schedules have a detrimental effect on children's well-being. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated mediating factors that underpin this association. Likewise, only a few studies have examined the impact of fathers’ non-standard work schedules on children's well-being. Based on data from the Families in Germany Study (FiD), this study aimed to address these research gaps. The sample consists of parents and their children at ages 7–8 and 9–10 (n?=?838 child observations in dual-earner families). The data were collected in the years 2010–2013. Non-standard work hours were defined as working in evenings and or at night (every day, several times a week, or changing as shifts). Children's social and emotional well-being was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The findings show that both mothers’ and fathers’ evening and night work schedules are linked to an increase in children's externalizing and internalizing behavior and that this association is partially mediated by mothers’ and fathers’ harsh and strict parenting, with a stronger mediation effect for fathers parenting.