人口风险指标的建构与评估方法

文章从“风险（risk）”概念出发,分析了对风险概念两特征“不确定性”和“后果”的不同理解,及对风险指标建构的启示;对“人口风险”概念的意义维度进行了操作性说明,认为人口风险包含“人口系统面临的风险”和“与人口系统相关的风险”两个维度;在此基础上建构了一套人口风险指标体系。设计了相应的风险评估方法。     

人力投资与再就业——兼评“腾笼换鸟”政策

本文揭示了城市大量职工下岗的外在环境与职工内在原因 ,针对一些地方政府为解决下岗再就业问题而推行的“腾笼换鸟”政策 ,从人力资本收益角度分析论证了“腾笼”难以“换鸟” ,同时对推行此项政策进行后果分析 ,提出可行的对策建议     

“民工荒”现象成因及对策分析

从去年下半年开始出现的“民工荒”打破了我国劳动力“无限供给”的神话,对我国未来经济增长产生了不容忽视的影响。本文对“民工荒”之所以出现作了原因分析,认为当前宏观经济形势和新的二元社会结构是导致“民工荒”的深层次原因,并对此提出了相应的对策。     

论“四权”与少数民族妇女的地位

中国是个民族传统文化极其丰富的国家,它对妇女地位的变化有着深远影响。在少数民族中,“政权”、“族权”、“神权”、“夫权”对妇女的统治和禁锢,在今天仍然是一个带普遍性的问题。这里以大量的事实论证了“四权”仍是捆在少数民族妇女身上的四根绳索,妨碍着妇女的解放;并分析了“四权”存在的原因,就如何铲除“四权”的问题提出了一定的见解。     

"温州模式"与信用经济

本文系统地论述了“温州模式”的本质和内涵,分析了“温州模式”不同的发展阶段及其特点,认为在新的世纪,温州人正在打造“信用经济”,走向全球竞争与合作的历史新阶段。     

关于广东省产业结构调整与环境保护的思考

本文强调科学调整产业结构 ,活跃“板块”经济 ,提出了“工业板块”、“农业板块”、“区域板块”经济的建立和发展构想 ,分析了加强环境生态保护在可持续发展中的重要地位和作用 ,指出环保问题实质是发展问题 ,保护环境 ,保持生态平衡必须与发展产业相结合。     

吉林省“七五”期间人口变动综述

<正> “七五”期间(1986—1990年)吉林省社会经济和各项事业有了很大的发展,人口变动也出现了一些新的特点,认真分析研究这一时期人口变动的特点及规律,对于总结经验,认真做好“八五”时期人口控制工作有着十分重要的意义。现根据全国人口普查资料和年度人口变动情况抽样调查资料,对吉林省“七五”期间人口发展的特点及“八五”期间人口发展趋势做粗浅的分析。一、“七五”期间吉林省人口变动的特点     

三元劳动力市场分割与“新失业群体”失业——基于辽宁的调查

本文主要从辽宁省基本社会特质入手,从制度的角度展开“新失业群体”存在的根源分析。主要是从东北老工业基地特有的三元劳动力市场分割的视角来分析“新失业群体”何以在辽宁省特别突出。即由于劳动力市场三元分割,使得“新失业群体”在不同劳动力市场之间的职业流动发生障碍,导致了“新失业群体”的失业。     

“三结合”运作机制分析与建议

“三结合”运作机制分析与建议□张智敏目前，在我国广大农村推行的计划生育“三结合”，受到广大群众的欢迎，理论界也给予了高度评价。为了研究探讨“三结合”工作的运作机制，笔者在武汉市东西湖区、汉南区（以下简称“两区”）进行了考察。一、“两区”“三结合”工作...     

"后人口转变时期"我国人口问题面临的挑战与对策

20世纪末,我国人口发展进入了以“低出生率、低死亡率和低增长率”为特征的“后人口转变时期”。本文首先对“后人口转变时期”我国人口发展的特征进行了论述,在此基础上分析了该时期我国人口问题面临的挑战,并对“后人口转变时期”我国的人口问题的解决特别是计生政策提出了建议。     

Birth Control and on the Way out of the Fourth Country

According to Xinhuanet, persons with severe disabilities and household register in Sichuan Province began to receive nursing subsidies suceessively.In 2014, Sichuan Province planned to allocate 500 million Yuan of nursing subsidies to 650 000 persons with severe disabilities in the province.     

Data quality and accuracy of United Nations population projections, 1950-95

Between 1951 and 1998, the United Nations (UN) published 16 sets of population projections for the world, its major regions, and countries. This paper reports the accuracy of the projection results. I analyse the quality of the historical data used for the base populations of the projections, and for extrapolating fertility and mortality. I study also the impact this quality has had on the accuracy of the projection results. Results and assumptions for the sets of projections are compared with corresponding estimates from the UN 1998 Revision for total fertility and life expectancy at birth, total population, and the projected age structures. The report covers seven major regions (Africa, Asia, the former USSR, Europe, Northern America, Latin America, and Oceania) and the largest ten countries of the world as of 1998 (China, India, the USA, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Russia, Japan, Bangladesh, and Nigeria).     

The Changing Shape Of Pregnancy In New Zealand Women's Magazines: 1970–2008

This article examines the representation of pregnant embodiment in thirteen New Zealand women's magazines published between January 1970 and December 2008. It offers a theoretical focus on postfeminism, media, and embodiment, and situates their conjuncture within cultural, demographic, and labour market trends. Magazine representations of pregnancy concurrently illustrate the degree to which discourses surrounding pregnancy have shifted, and the continued association of motherhood with feminine success. Monthly and weekly publications were sampled and a visual analysis undertaken of images and spreads. Over nearly four decades, substantial changes were found in the normative or extraordinary status of pregnancy, the appearance and display of the pregnant body, the frequency of representations, the association of pregnancy with celebrity, and its dissemination through celebrity culture. Changes in the status of pregnancy parallel larger social changes, in particular the increase in delayed childbearing amongst white, middle-class women. Pregnancy images were also influenced by changes in the format and substance of women's magazines, the advent of celebrity culture, and the emergence of a maternity market.     

Making Connections: Crossing Boundaries of Place and Identity in Liverpool and Merseyside Amateur Transport Films

Abstract

In this paper I draw on a selection of local transport films, dating from the 1930s to 1970s, to explore issues of mobility, place and identity in Liverpool and Merseyside. The archive footage discussed in the paper includes amateur film of the Birkenhead and Wallasey tunnel openings, commuter ferry services to Liverpool, and also of the river crossings at Runcorn. Mapping the changing social and cultural geographies of mobility in Merseyside, it is argued that these films engage in a spatial dialogue expressive of a shift between, on the one hand, local, organic spaces of place and identity and, on the other, centrifugal spaces and non‐places of transit, which, since the 1960s and with the expansion of regional and national motorway networks, have shaped much of Liverpool’s contemporary urban fabric.     

Students as researchers: An example of high-level participation of undergraduate midwifery students as co-investigators in research

BackgroundThere is a shift in focus of the curricula of undergraduate midwifery research-education - from research content to the research process, and the student from being an observer to a participant.Aim and MethodsTo explore an example of how to involve midwifery students as co-investigators in research. This paper discusses the experiences of an educational research project that adopted the highest level of student autonomy in research, involving six Bachelor of Midwifery final-year students participating as co-investigators in qualitative research focusing on women’s lived experiences of traumatic childbirth. The experiences are supported by the parameters of research-education and learning, and are discussed in the context of the dimensions of framing undergraduate research: Motivation, Inclusivity, Content, Originality, Setting, Collaboration, Focus and AudienceDiscussionCrucial for this educational research project is the recognition of the motivation, interests, (experiential) knowledge and real-world experiences of students. It starts with listening to the questions, thoughts and ideas that students bring, recognising and respecting the content and importance of their work and what is important and meaningful to them, while facilitating a student-led learning process. Collaboration between students and students and supervisors needs to be formally facilitated and supported, as this contributes to qualitative products for curricular and extra-curricular products. An academic infrastructure is necessary to support extra-curricular activities.ConclusionTo embed research adequately and effectively in the curriculum, a pedagogical approach, institutional learning and student-centred teaching strategies and practices, including high impact practices to mainstream undergraduate research and enquiry, are crucial.     

System Transformation and Development Path on Medical Care

China's basic medical care system has achieved universal coverage, faced the system transformation with substance fair. Under the transformation background from universal coverage to integration on urban and rural areas, and the transformation direction from the "medical care" to "health for all", through the institutional transition path on system design, service delivery, fi nancial support, this paper points out that how to improve quality of medical care and optimizing the level of health care services, match sustainable funding system and improving payment system, which in public health, medical services, medical care and medicine supply, realize the transformation and the development from universal medical care to health care.     

Learning to listen: epistemic injustice and gothic film in dementia care education

Listening is a critical and under-theorized dimension to struggles against injustice and marginalization. In the wake of critiques from the disability movement of the pre-eminence of expert medical voices, educating professionals to listen to health service users has become particularly critical. The utterances of people with dementia have frequently been subject to, in Miranda Fricker’s terms, “testimonial injustice”: that is, seen as irrational, unreliable, and not to be believed. This article will examine the way in which the generic conventions of the gothic, more specifically what Mary Ann Doane has described as “the paranoid women’s film,” are used in a short film, Darkness in the Afternoon, widely screened in dementia care education in the UK and internationally. Drawing on interviews with dementia care trainers, analysis of training materials, and the film itself, this article proposes that gender and genre is used in this film as a strategy to reorient the listening and affective practices and testimonial sensibilities of health and aged care workers.     

The Activities of the Elderly in Rural Bangladesh

Despite a mounting interest in the elderly, and a rapidly expanding literature on the subject, there is a dearth of empirical research that can shed light on their condition. For Bangladesh and the rest of South Asia, the record is very thin. With the aid of observed and retrospective data on time-use from a sample of rural Bangladeshis, this paper seeks to help redress this situation by describing the role of the elderly in the household division of labour, management, and authority. The objective is to elaborate how labour-use and activity patterns change with advancing age, for men and women and rich and poor, and to explore the broader implications of such change. Concepts of work, retirement, and dependency are critically examined. The results of several labour surveys are used to estimate the limits that the physical effects of ageing place on the labour-force participation of the elderly.     

Continuity or Change？ Chinese Family in Transitional Era

In China, the increase of the sex ratio at birth （SRB） associates with the decline of the fertility level. The change of the parity structure, one of the main reasons of the low fertility level, may also play an important part in the change of the SRB. We find that the decrease of the proportion of the second and higher parity deters the imbalance of the SRB in China. The increase of the SRB in China is mainly caused by the increase of the second and higher parity＇s correspondent level of SRB before 2000, and the first parity＇s SRB also Plays more and more important role after 2000.     

山东省人口发展与工业化城镇化的互动及其协调发展

改革开放至今,山东省的人口发展与工业化城镇化发展相互促进,共同推动了人口再生产方式的转变和工业化城镇化进程,进入了健康、合理、良性互动的发展时期。但是,人口规模持续膨胀、城镇化发展水平滞后、城镇体系结构不合理、人口分布与城镇分布矛盾等问题依然制约人口与工业化城镇化的协调发展。促进人口数量、素质、结构、分布协调发展,走新型工业化和新型城镇化道路,实现人口与工业化城镇化协调发展,是山东省不懈的追求。