从《一千零一夜》看中世纪阿拉伯社会主流价值观

享誉世界文坛的中古时期的阿拉伯民间神话故事集<一千零一夜>,是一部反映中世纪阿拉伯社会最具代表性的惟一经典作品.其所反映的,是阿拉伯民族统一和民族精神的发展史,是了解和考察中世纪阿拉伯社会转型进程的一个缩影,是阿拉伯帝国处于上升发展并达到顶峰的时期,也是阿拉伯-伊斯兰文化走向繁荣并形成其主流价值观的历史过程.     

论《一千零一夜》的权力观

权力观是以权力为中心的价值观,是判断民众与执政者关系的价值观.<一千零一夜>的一个重要主题就是宣扬"劝君施仁"的权力观,通过故事的铺展,描述了以国王们为代表的封建社会政治结构的基本权力特征,以及民众对统治者"权力"行使的思辨和诉求.其中要求实现"公正"的基本思想贯穿始终.     

论《一千零一夜》的权力观

权力观是以权力为中心的价值观,是判断民众与执政者关系的价值观。《一千零一夜》的一个重要主题就是宣扬“劝君施仁”的权力观,通过故事的铺展,描述了以国王们为代表的封建社会政治结构的基本权力特征,以及民众对统治者“权力”行使的思辨和诉求。其中要求实现“公正”的基本思想贯穿始终。     

《阿拉伯文化基础教程》序

今年5月底，我应埃及文化最高理事会的邀请，出席了第二届“翻译、文化互动”国际研讨会。这是一次盛会，4天会议除开幕式的埃及文化部部长、文化最高理事长的致词和来宾答词外，共安排了25场讨论会，每场有4位学者发言，总计讲述了100篇论文摘要。这次研讨会，无论是规模还是质量，都给我留下深刻印象。与会代表中最多、也最活跃的，当然是埃及和阿拉伯国家的专家、教授，但也有来自美、英、法、德、瑞士、西班牙等国和我这样的中国学者。     

《我们街区的孩子们》与现代阿拉伯社会核心价值观的自我更新

马哈福兹的<我们街区的孩子们>倡导一种能够促进社会发展与人类进步、在文化转型中既保留了传统核心价值观,又融入作为现代文化核心特征的科学理性精神和人本主义精神的新型核心价值观.为此,他既尊重宗教作为传统道德基石的作用,又将科学作为现代价值支柱而加以大力弘扬;既继承了伊斯兰教入世传统中对人的价值定位,又试图将它与现代人本主义精神相结合,以凸显"人"的价值,追求"人"的发展.因此,此种价值观的最终目的,实际是对具有现代自我意识的"新人"的召唤.     

《我们街区的孩子们》与现代阿拉伯社会核心价值观的自我更新

马哈福兹的《我们街区的孩子们》倡导一种能够促进社会发展与人类进步、在文化转型中既保留了传统核心价值观，又融入作为现代文化核心特征的科学理性精神和人本主义精神的新型核心价值观。为此，他既尊重宗教作为传统道德基石的作用，又将科学作为现代价值支柱而加以大力弘扬；既继承了伊斯兰教入世传统中对人的价值定位，又试图将它与现代人本主义精神相结合，以凸显“人”的价值，追求“人”的发展。因此，此种价值观的最终目的，实际是对具有现代自我意识的“新人”的召唤。     

伊斯兰美学视阈中的《一千零一夜》

美学是伊斯兰文化的重要内容,伊斯兰美学则以"认主独一"的"顺从美"为核心,形成了一套完整独立的美学思想、理念、范畴和形态.本文从伊斯兰美学的视角,着重对《一千零一夜》的顺从之美、坚忍之美、淳朴之美、灵性之美、和谐之美等美学思想进行梳理和探析,从一个侧面洞察了伊斯兰美学思想的丰富内涵和独特魅力.     

伊斯兰美学视阈中的《一千零一夜》

美学是伊斯兰文化的重要内容,伊斯兰美学则以"认主独一"的"顺从美"为核心,形成了一套完整独立的美学思想、理念、范畴和形态。本文从伊斯兰美学的视角,着重对《一千零一夜》的顺从之美、坚忍之美、淳朴之美、灵性之美、和谐之美等美学思想进行梳理和探析,从一个侧面洞察了伊斯兰美学思想的丰富内涵和独特魅力。     

从《哈利波特》看西方宗教价值观的影射

自上世纪90年代末到新世纪初,随着哈利波特一系列小说的出版,一股哈利热迅速席卷了世界各国,《哈利·波特》迅速荣登畅销书榜首。电影版的《哈利·波特》的拍摄,更是将它的影响推向了顶峰。它的成功有诸多方面的原因,但一个重要的方面就是其用儿童的视角来表现出成人世界的价值观,而这些价值观也是西方宗教所力图倡导的。本文着重分析《哈利·波特》影射出的西方宗教价值观,使大家在欣赏《哈利·波特》的同时,对西方的文化有进一步的了解。     

阿拉伯民族身份认同的文本学分析

文本被视为一种记忆。本文以《一千零一夜》为例,从文本学分析的角度,探索《夜》反映的阿拉伯伊斯兰帝国鼎盛时期——阿拔斯王朝前期的社会风貌、文化背景和价值观念。通过故事的表征分析,我们看到,《夜》的民族身份认同本质上是以阿拉伯—伊斯兰文化为同一性,并以伊斯兰教为核心思想,"阿拉伯人"不再仅仅限于种族和血统含义,而是包含了宗教和文化概念,甚至以"穆斯林"的宗教身份涵盖"阿拉伯人"的民族身份。     

从青年价值观演变反思青年文化建设

青年文化塑造青年价值观,青年文化变迁必定会在青年价值观中得到反映,最终带动青年价值观的改变。青年价值观演变的总体态势和青年价值观当下的总体特征表明,逐渐被物化的时代背景并没有削弱主流价值观的影响力。但不同程度的价值观偏离正影响着部分青年群体。要以社会主义核心价值观为“魂”,融汇中西文化优秀成分,关注文化微观视域,大力推进青年文化建设。     

Dilemmas in International Social Work Education in the United Arab Emirates: Islam,Localization and Social Need

This paper discusses emerging dilemmas in social work education and practice in the United Arab Emirates. Here social work education is primarily based on Westernized curricula; however localized cultural sensitivities require that some mainstream issues, particularly in relation to issues of abuse, are not engaged with. Nevertheless research findings show that social problems such as these are clearly present in UAE society. Therefore it is argued that what is required is an accountable, effective social work education that retains cultural congruity whilst empowering practitioners with the knowledge needed to engage with contemporary social problems. Finally, to contextualize the dichotomy between local culture and the wider community of Islam in relation to social work, some comparisons are drawn with other Muslim nations, specifically Malaysia.     

Reframing the Discourse on Social Work in the Arab World: Considerations for the Accreditation of Social Work in the UAE

Drawing on the author's experience of teaching social work in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), this paper will interrogate the pervasive question, significant within academic circles and the wider public discourse, on the issue of values and how they are framed or not by their relevant cultural contexts. This is a critical period in the history of the development of social work in the UAE where the International Association of Schools of Social Work subjected the first professional social work education and training programme offered to the rigour of a review process. Currently most social work programmes are evaluated against Western social work accreditation frameworks and quality assurance processes. While this practice may be appropriate in certain contexts, in others, such as in the Arab world, a more authentic frame of reference is required. To this end, the frame of reference lies in the Islamic prophetic traditions and culture, uniquely characteristic of the Arab world in the Gulf Cooperation Countries (GCC). It not only provides the backdrop to the ideological context for practice and education but also for quality assurance purposes as in the case of accreditation. A quick perusal of global accreditations of social work programmes reveals intense scholarly debates about what should constitute a dynamic curricula, necessary resources, ideology, administrative needs, processes and structure of social work programmes. Given that all of these criteria satisfy the conditions for accreditation, there is still ample opportunity within the different socio-cultural contexts for variations in the curricula of social work programmes being offered universally.

There is little doubt, despite the recent debates on the accreditation processes, that the primary goal is to ensure quality programmes and competent preparation for social work practice. In this paper the author will argue that while subscribing to this academic rigour, a paradigm shift is imperative to understand what constitutes culturally sensitive social work education and training. This paper will demonstrate that the values and ethics rooted in the ideology of the Arab world should determine and influence academic and practice paradigms.     

Mind the Gap! Students' Understanding and Application of Social Work Values

This paper discusses a research project that explored the development of student social workers' values during the first year of professional education at one Scottish university. Questionnaires, based on a vignette, and focus groups established baseline information at the outset of the study. These methods were reapplied a year later to identify the extent to which students' values framework had developed, and the factors that had supported this. The study revealed that, by the end of that year, students could both identify and apply values to support them in their work with individuals to a greater extent than they could those to help them challenge structural discrimination. The study also highlighted the need for university-based teaching, and practice learning experiences, to provide more opportunities for reflection and discussion to support the development of values in student social workers.     

论全球化时代的阿拉伯妇女问题

本文以2002～2005年的《阿拉伯国家人类发展报告》为基础,分析了阿拉伯国家长期落后的主要原因.作者认为,男女平等是构建民主社会的基本条件,处于全球化时代的阿拉伯国家之所以社会发展严重滞后,主要是因为阿拉伯妇女问题没有得到妥善解决.此外,作者还就如何解决阿拉伯妇女问题提出了建议.