天津市中心城市生态保护圈建设构想

就城市规划范围来讲,中心城市生态保护圈的建设是区域范围内为改善城市生态环境而迸行的建设用地控制。 一、生态圈建设与用地分类控制 在中心城市范围内,根据一定地区对中心城市生态影响的敏感程度,对土地利用方式采取不同的控制和引导措施,赋予其不同的土地使用功能。     

A remedial strategy for data analysis

Professional evaluators are often called upon to analyze data produced by a catastrophically inadequate evaluation design. This problem is occurring more frequently as accountability pressures force program experts into evaluation activities for which they are not trained. A remedial strategy involving diagnosis of error, application of a corrective procedure and sensitization of program personnel of the need for a more sophisticated stance, is proposed as a solution. A case study is described and the contribution of a remedial strategy to improved evaluation is outlined.     

A qualitative information system for data management

This article traces the path which led to the adaptation of the Information System approach to data management and the use of a Relational Data Base Management System in the Vitrine 2001 project, a research project looking at children's learning activities with computers using qualitative research techniques. The principles which guided the selection and design of the data base, consideration of its advantages, as well as guidelines to help others who may wish to use a similar instrument are also presented.     

关于建立我国住房储蓄银行的探讨

据资料显示，１９９８年底在北京设立代表处的德国最大住房储蓄银行———施威比豪尔银行，于２００１年与中国建设银行签署了合作协议，将在天津市建立中国第一家真正意义上的、专门服务于买房者的合资住房储蓄银行。这对于刚刚起步而且已经加入WTO的中国住房金融业来说，既是机遇，又是挑战。外资住房银行的进入，不但为国内提供了住房金融业发展所需的大量资金，而且还带来了先进的业务操作技术和成功的管理经验，有利于中国住房金融业的快速发展和完善。但是，我们还应看到，合资住房储蓄银行的建立，不可避免地会冲击本来就发展滞后…     

发达国家中心城市的城郊和谐建设初探

发达国家中的大国与小国的和谐建设路径是不同的.大国可谓是中心城市的文明和谐的集聚与扩散,而小国则基本上是城乡一体的运动推进.一般来说,大国在现代文明和谐社会建设中的突出特征是:它在自己经济社会的全面发展中,集聚起庞大的城市文明,并通过城市的拉力和乡村的推力作用,把乡村中的各路精英转入城市,集聚起社会财富的同时,也把乡村中的穷人和大量的矛盾与社会的不和谐带入了城市.     

A latent space model for cognitive social structures data

This paper introduces a novel approach for modeling a set of directed, binary networks in the context of cognitive social structures (CSSs) data. We adopt a relativist approach in which no assumption is made about the existence of an underlying true network. More specifically, we rely on a generalized linear model that incorporates a bilinear structure to model transitivity effects within networks, and a hierarchical specification on the bilinear effects to borrow information across networks. This is a spatial model, in which the perception of each individual about the strength of the relationships can be explained by the perceived position of the actors (themselves and others) on a latent social space. A key goal of the model is to provide a mechanism to formally assess the agreement between each actors’ perception of their own social roles with that of the rest of the group. Our experiments with both real and simulated data show that the capabilities of our model are comparable with or, even superior to, other models for CSS data reported in the literature.     

天津市中心镇市政公用设施规划建设思路

《天津市城市总体规划（2005年～2020年）》确定了“一轴两带三区”的城市空间结构．结合市域城镇发展的特征．确定了“城市主副中心-新城-中心镇—一般建制镇”四级城镇体系。中心镇作为城镇体系的重要一环．对于整个城镇体系的健康发展起着承上启下的作用。中心镇的建设对于农村城镇化和现代化及城乡统筹发展意义重大,加快中心镇建设,     

A comparison of email networks and off-line social networks: A study of a medium-sized bank

Recently there has been a surge in the availability of online data concerning the connections between people, and these online data are now widely used to map the social structure of communities. There has been little research, however, on how these new types of relational data correspond to classical measures of social networks. To fill this gap, we contrast the structure of an email network with the underlying friendship, communication, and advice seeking networks. Our study is an explorative case study of a bank, and our data contains emails among employees and a survey of the ego networks of the employees. Through calculating correlations with QAP standard errors and estimating exponential random graph (ERG) models, we find that although the email network is related to the survey-based social networks, email networks are also significantly different: while off-line social networks are strongly shaped by gender, tenure, and hierarchical boundaries, the role of these boundaries are much weaker in the email network.     

A comparison of methods for collecting self-report data on sensitive topics

Insufficient attention has been paid to whether disclosure rates of sensitive or stigmatizing information vary as a function of method of inquiry. Methods vary both in terms of the anonymity afforded the participant and the opportunity to make a connection with the researcher, both of which might affect participants' willingness to disclose such information. In this investigation, 215 undergraduate students were randomly assigned to complete identical questionnaires using one of the three most common methods of data collection (in-person interview, telephone interview, and paper-and-pencil questionnaire) or an automated telephonic data collection (ATDC) system. Questions on six topic areas of increasing social sensitivity (study habits, substance use, physical and sexual aggression, victimization and perpetration) were included. The results indicated that there were no differences in disclosure rates due to methods and no method by topic interaction, but the two telephonic methods both produced significantly higher participation rates than the two other methods. The results suggest that, at least for a college student sample, an automated telephonic system produces data comparable to that of more traditional methods, while offering greater convenience, economy, and participation.     

Social comparison,group identity and professional identity. A study with bank clerks

Abstract

This study consisted of analyzing several hypotheses derived from Tajfel and Turner's social identity theory (Tajfel and Turner, 1979) within a real-life situation. We identified the intergroup relations among three banks in Brazil as an ideal chance to test the salience hypothesis (Oakes & Turner, 1980; Doise & Sinclair, 1973) and also the relationship between discrimination and social identity (Brown et al. 1983b). In general, results did not support the hypotheses, and alternative explanations of results, in terms of the groups ' real life conditions, are discussed.     

A model based approach for predicting annual poverty rates without expenditure data

The primus inter pares of the UN-approved Millennium Development Goals is to reduce poverty. The only internationally accepted method of estimating poverty requires a measurement of total consumption based on a time-consuming and resource-demanding measure of household expenditure in an integrated survey over 12 months. Rather than measuring poverty, say, only every fifth year, a model is presented to predict poverty based on a small set of household variables to be collected annually between two 12-monthly household surveys. Information obtained from these “light” surveys might then be used to predict poverty rates. The key question is whether the inaccuracy in these predictions is acceptable. It is recommended that these models be tested at a country level and if the test results are similar to those found here, that this approach be adopted.      

The potential for construction resource planning

The need for construction resource planning to avoid non-completion of, or delays to, projects and potential damage to an economy by trying to undertake programmes for which resources are not available is stressed. Then the availability, and method of application, of data for national use is considered followed by the problems of transferability of data from one country to another. Examples are given of the range of data for a specific country, of the broad labour inputs to construction for a number of countries of different characteristics and of key material requirements for twenty categories of housing over eight countries. The conclusion is that it is now possible to undertake resource planning for any major project or development plan anywhere in the world, though refinement of the available data and an increase in the volume of data is desirable. The authors suggest that a focal point for the collection of data and a clearing house for its use be established.     

浙江工业园区建设探讨

浙江工业园区建设的现状特点浙江省以工业为主的各类园区建设的现状特点可概括为:数量大、种类多、分层次建设、开发主体多元化、层次特点明显。第一层次,有各类国家级开发区8个、省级开发区54个,利用外资和外贸出口分别占全省50 %和20 %以上;高新技术产业区国家级1个、省级12个,2002年上半年技工贸收入271亿元。第二层次,经省批准建设的特色工业园区和省级乡镇工业专业区分别为102个和122个。第三层次,县、乡(镇)、村级工业园区,数量多的县(市)达100个以上。园区开发主体有政府派出的管委会、政府与企业联合建立的开发实体、多家或独家企业…     

Handheld computers. A feasible alternative to paper forms for field data collection

Recent advances in handheld computer hardware and software may provide alternatives to paper-based data collection methods. The authors compared data collected with paper forms to data collected with handheld computer-based forms in a field observation study of alcohol purchase attempts at 47 community festivals in a large metropolitan area. Agreement between data collected with paper forms and data collected with handheld computers was greater than 95%. Computer-based forms handled branching patterns better and yielded data that were immediately available for analyses. Paper forms handled written comments better. Handheld computers are a feasible alternative to paper forms for field data collection.     

'Clinton faces nation': a case study in the construction of focus group data as public opinion

This paper analyses the way in which a particular newspaper report constructs ‘public opinion’ based on data from small‐scale qualitative research. Using as a case study a report of a focus group discussion of Clinton's grand jury testimony, we show how these data are ‘worked up’ as representative, generalisable, and valid. By capitalising on the advantages of focus group data, while attending to and countering their disadvantages, the newspaper report is able to suggest that the views of ten people in San Francisco offer an authoritative indication of public opinion about Clinton across the USA. Finally, we sketch out some of the implications of this case study in relation to the construction of facticity more generally.     

A Logical Toolkit For Theory (re)construction

The social sciences have achieved highly sophisticated methods for data collection and analysis, leading to increased control and tractability of scientific results. Meanwhile, methods for systematizing these results, as well as new ideas and hypotheses, into sociological theories have seen little progress, leaving most sociological arguments ambiguous and difficult to handle, and impairing cumulative theory development. Sociological theory, containing many valuable ideas and insights, deserves better than this. As a way out of the doldrums, this paper presents a systematic approach to computer–supported logical formalization, that is widely applicable to sociological theory and other declarative discourse. By increasing rigor and precision of sociological arguments, they become better accessible to critical investigation, thereby raising scientific debate to a new level. The merits of this approach are demonstrated by applying it to an actual fragment from the sociological literature.