外商直接投资对广西北部湾经济区转变经济发展方式的影响分析

外商直接投资对广西北部湾经济区转变经济发展方式的影响明显。研究表明,广西北部湾经济区应从转变思想,放宽外商直接投资准入条件;以中国—东盟博览会为契机,搭建招商引资平台;创新招商引资机制,高效利用现有资源;以支柱产业的集聚效应吸引外商直接投资等方面转变经济发展方式。     

FDI与新疆工业发展的关联性研究

外商直接投资(FDI)是促进一国经济增长的主要动力之一。研究FDI与新疆工业发展之间的内在联系,对加快新疆工业化进程,维护地区稳定都具有十分重要的意义。通过1995-2008年相关实证研究,得出新疆的工业生产总值和工业发展总水平与外商直接投资之间存在正的显著的相关性。因此,需要积极创造环境吸引外商直接投资,促进新疆经济发展。     

外商直接投资对浙江省工业部门外溢效应的实证分析

如何衡量外商直接投资对东道国经济产生的效应,对东道国政府制定引资政策具有重要意义.我们以浙江省近几年数据为基础,运用平行面板数据模型方法,分析了外商直接投资对浙江省工业部门的溢出效应和竞争效应,得到的结论是:外商直接投资产生的正向溢出效应大于负向的竞争效应,即净效应为正,但数值相对很小,说明外商直接投资对浙江工业发展产生影响,但影响并不大.如何提高引进外资利用的效率,本文提出了几点建议.     

FDI对中国影响的政治经济学分析

外商直接投资对中国的影响正在与日俱增。运用马克思主义的研究方法对外商直接投资的中国影响展开政治经济学分析,能让我们更加清醒地看到外商直接投资对中国生产力发展、生产关系及上层建筑变革所造成的具体的、辩证的与多维的影响,从而有助于我们更加积极有效地开展外资工作。     

外资:中国经济发展的加速剂

文章对中国引进外资不同时期的状况和特点作了分析 ,特别指出了改革开放以来外资对我国经济发展起到了举足轻重的作用。分析了引进外资的结构 ,外商直接投资占外资的大部分 ,这对稳定我国金融秩序起到了重大的作     

谁在投资中国

正无论是美英等西方大国的投资者,还是来自"一带一路"沿线的投资者,都从不同角度展现了选择中国市场背后的必然逻辑。在全球直接投资增长低迷之时,中国近年来吸引外商直接投资额却屡创新高。联合国贸易和发展会议(UNCTAD)数据显示,2017年中国的外商直接投资流入额为1363.2亿美元,居世界第二位。进入2018年,随着一系列外商直接投资便利措施的推行,中国对国际投资者的吸引力持续上升。商务部统计数据显示,2018年前8个月全国新设立外商投资企业41331家,     

上海三资企业的发展及其对技术进步的作用

积极鼓励外商来华投资,不仅是为了弥补四化建设资金的不足,更重要的是通过兴办合资企业引进先进技术和管理经验,促进我国的技术进步和经济增长。上海是中国最大的工业城市,也是外商直接投资最多的沿海开放城市,自1980年以来,协议金额已达30亿美元,约占全国的1/10强;到1988年底已建成开业的三资企业230家。这对上海的经济发展起了一定     

外商对中国直接投资减撤:影响、成因及对策

外商直接投资撤退是国际经济合作中的普遍现象。投资撤退将在技术进步、产业结构、就业、国际金融等方面对东道国、特别是发展中东道国造成严重的影响。影响外商直接投资撤退的原因主要有 :政治、法律、市场、合资企业内部管理等。改革开放 2 0余年来 ,中国已成为引资大国 ,随着引资数额的增大 ,撤资事件亦有增长的趋势 ,因此 ,必须引起高度的重视 ,加强研究 ,制定对策 ,将外商直接投资撤退所造成的影响减少到最低限度。     

基于变异系数视角的广东省区域经济发展变动因素分析

经济发展差异变动有多种评判方法,泰尔指数和人均GDP的变异系数能够直观地反映区域经济发展差异的变化趋势。数据分析显示,广东省四大经济区域的泰尔指数和人均GDP的变异系数逐年下降,表明广东省四大区域经济发展差异在逐渐缩小。文章从区域间产业结构、固定资产投资、财政收入、外商直接投资等因素的变异系数变化和人均GDP变异系数变化的关联性入手,探讨广东省四大区域经济发展差异缩小的内在原因。     

国外跨国并购理论:从动因论到效应论

当前,越来越多的外商直接投资采用跨国并购的形式。理论界也有了较新的发展,对于传统的资本输出理论和剥削论等形成了重大的突破。跨国并购不仅受到诸如企业市场优势、交易成本、融资成本、目标企业的财务状况等微观因素的影响,也受到汇率变动、所在国经济状况、政策法规文化等宏观环境因素的影响。跨国并购的动因论合理地解释了资本流动和市场扩张带来的双重效应。跨国并购对于投资母国和东道国都可能带来直接的经济影响,具有双重的经济效益,而对投资输入国的经济发展、产业变革的刺激影响更为直接。     

Considering Improvisation: Play,Transitional Space,and Discovery

This article explores the concept of improvisation in the therapeutic setting as a complex construction when elaborated in the idiom of jazz music. A composite clinical case is offered that illustrates an impasse and how improvisational thinking offers a way forward. Improvisation has recently been conceptualized through the metaphor of theater improvisation, dance, and rhythm. The therapeutic hour is considered an improvisational dialogue with the main theme (melody) and counter melodies, and harmonic possibilities that underlie the rhythmic pulse of the hour. Improvisation requires a reflective/interpretive process that draws on patterns, structures, and experiences reformulated in the relational field of the participants. The client initiates the call and response pattern, from which improvisation emerges as a mutual process of discovery. A more relaxed, receptive, and reflective posture extends Winnicott’s 1971 notion of play to integrate classic understanding and relational interaction.     

Objective Tests versus Subjective tests

objective test has only one correct answer, while subjective test has a range of possible answers. Because of this feature, reliability will not be difficult to achieve in the marking of the objective item, while the marking of the subjective items is reliable. On the whole, a good test must contain both subjective and objective test items.     

Comments on the National College English Test

College English Test is an important national test for Chinese college students, this paper introduces the distribution of scores, time of examination, and analyses the four parts in CET ,such as listening comprehension, reading comprehension, integrated testing, and writing based on testing theories.     

Abstracts of theses: Smith College School for Social Work,July 1954

Abstract

Many clients relate in ways that elicit emotional responses in practitioners and may also feel pressure to intervene when appropriate action is not yet clear. Practitioners must develop sufficient self-awareness so their own reactions do not interfere with the work they do with clients. Educators exhort their students to be self-aware, but locating methods that foster the capacity can be difficult. Infant observation is an elegant training model that helps to develop self-awareness. The method described here makes use of regular observation, supportive small groups, and repeated detailed examination of what is seen in training both generalist and specialized practitioners. It has become a prototype for the observational study of several kinds of specific populations. Because it attends to people in their own environments and demonstrates a flexible, reflective, multi-modal manner of information-gathering, infant observation is particularly useful in the education of social work practitioners.     

India's Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Act: Assessing the quality of access and adequacy of benefits in MGNREGS public works

The extension of social protection to all has become a central policy objective, both nationally and internationally. A considerable number of middle‐ and low‐income countries have undertaken substantial efforts to extend social protection, while the international community reaffirmed its commitment to the extension of social protection through the adoption of the ILO Recommendation concerning National Floors of Social Protection, No. 202 (2012). This article reviews the legal provisions and the implementation of the Indian Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), legislated in 2005, and does so in the light of the more recent provisions of ILO Recommendation No. 202. Since its introduction ten years ago, MGNREGA has provided a source of income to rural workers, increased wage rates, achieved high female participation rates and created durable assets. India's local governance bodies, Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI), have been empowered and involved in the processes of planning and monitoring. However, despite successes, there have been considerable shortcomings in implementation. This article highlights two central themes: first, the innovative policy framework of the Act, which brings together rights‐based entitlements, demand‐driven employment, and citizen‐centred monitoring. Second, it assesses the accessibility and adequacy of benefits in the implementation of MGNREGA. We conclude that MGNREGA offers potential for South‐South learning, both in terms of policy‐design and implementation.     

From “Either‐Or” to “When and How”: A Context‐Dependent Model of Culture in Action

In this article, I outline a framework for the sociological study of culture that connects three intertwined elements of human culture (cultural motivations, resources, and meanings) and demonstrates the concrete contexts under which each most critically influences actions and their subsequent outcomes. In contrast to models that cast motivations, resources, and meanings as competing explanations of how culture affects action, I argue that these are fundamental constituent elements of culture that are inseparable, interdependent, and simultaneously operative. Which element provides the strongest link to action, and how this link operates, must be understood as a function of the actor's position within wider social contexts. I argue that on average motivations have the most discernable link to action within a social strata, cultural resources provide the strongest link across strata, and meanings have the greatest direct influence when codified and sanctioned. I then offer a reframing and synthesis that reintegrates previously “competing” theories of culture into a more holistic context‐dependent model of culture in action. Finally, I use evidence from prior empirical research, as well as new data from an ongoing ethnographic study of health behaviors among the aged, to show how various elements of culture are concretely linked to action in eight different social contexts. In doing so, I provide a roadmap for the transition out of the “either‐or” logic underlying much of cultural theory and reemphasize the importance of the classical sociological concern for “when” and “how” various aspects of culture influence action and outcomes in concrete social contexts.     

The gender gap in pensions in Latin America

Lower female lifetime labour market participation rates, greater interruptions during their working lives, and wage gaps contribute to create gender gaps in pensions at the time of retirement. The design of social security systems may reinforce or attenuate these gaps. This article provides new evidence on gender gaps in access to pensions and in pension income in four Southern Cone countries in Latin America and analyses their evolution between 2000 and 2013, showing significant improvements in both gaps, with differential patterns by countries. The decrease in the gender gap in pension income has been particularly significant in Argentina and Brazil. In both cases, the largest increases in pension values during the period correspond to the lowest income percentiles, where women are overrepresented. The application of redistributive policies in these countries, aimed at reducing poverty and inequality but not necessarily focused on gender equity, has had positive and probably unintended consequences in terms of reduction in gender gaps in pensions.     

Is subsidiarity a conditio sine qua non for sustainability?

This paper argues that subsidiarity is a condicio sine qua non for sustainability. Through the complexity paradigm, the paper provides a historical reconstruction of both concepts to the end of elucidating their interdependence. The main thesis is that subsidiarity to sustainability is what self-organisation is to emergence. The paper ends with a sketch of future global governance structures based on a subsidiarity where cities take the lead on sustainability.     

Global employment and decent jobs, 2010–2030: The forces of demography and automation

Globally, an estimated 734 million jobs will be required between 2010 and 2030 to accommodate recent and ongoing demographic shifts, account for plausible changes in labour force participation rates, and achieve target unemployment rates of at or below 4 per cent for adults and at or below 8 per cent for youth. The facts that most new jobs will be required in countries where “decent” jobs are less prevalent and workers in many occupations are increasingly subject to risks of automation further compound the challenge of job creation, which is already quite sizable in historical perspective. Failure to create the jobs that are needed through 2030 would put currently operative social security systems under pressure and undermine efforts to guarantee the national social protection floors enshrined in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).