Legal Issues Related to the Implementation of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

TheProjectGroupforStudyingtheRelationshipBetween"OneCountry,TwoSystems"andtheBasicLawoftheHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegionI.TheApplicationoftheConstitutionofthePeople'sRepublicofChinatotheHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegion(HKSAR)TheConstitutionmustbeeffectiveinallpartsofthecountry;thisisthefundamentalrequirementforthestatetoexerciseitssovereigntyanditsconcentratedembodiment.ThisisdeterminedbythefundamentalnatureandthesupremestatusoftheConstitution.However,theapplicationofthe…     

Developments in the Study of Confucianism on the Mainland of China in Recent Years

I.AttitudesTowardsthe"ConfucianismCraze"AnincreasingnumberofstudiesonConfucianismhavebeenconductedonthemainlandinrecentyears,andthereisevensomethingofa"craze"forConfucianism.Papershavebeenreadatlargesymposia,journalshavebeenpublished,lectureshavebeengiven…     

A Reassessment of the Class Basis of the 1911 Revolution-With Comments on the Different Views on the Nature of that Revolution among Scholars from Taiwan and the Mainland

ⅠTheconsensusamongChinesehistoriansisthatthelower-middlestratumofChina's"nationalbourgeoisie"constitutedtheclassbasisofthe1911Revolution.Theoriginsofthispropositionmaybetracedbacktothel95os.Chinesehistorianshavealsoproposedthreestratificationsforthisclas…     

Sustainable Development of the Population,the Economy and the Environment

TheconceptofsustainabledevelopmentwasofficiallyproposedattheWorldEnvironmentConferenceinStockholmin1972.Inl987,itwasdefinedbytheWorldEnvironmentandDevelopmentCommitteeinOurCommonFutureas"developmentthatbothsatisfiestheneedsofthemodernmananddoesnotconstitu…     

A New Theory of the Categories of Consciousness

Ⅰ.TheEssenceofConsciousnessistheFunctionoftheBrainThatUnifiestheSubjectandObjectTheprevalentviewinChinaontheessenceofconsciousnessisthatconsciousnessisthefunctionofthehumanbraintoreflectthematerialworldandthereflectionofthematerialworldbythehumanbrainbymeansofthisfunction.The1989editionoftheChinesedictionaryCihai(TheSeaofWords),oneofthemostimportantChinesedictionariesinChina,definesconsciousness(yishi)as"thefunctionofhighlyperfectedandhighlyorganizedspecialmatter-thehumanbrain,andtheref…     

Qin Huanming:The Trend to the“Restoration of Elegance and the Veneration of Elevated Moral Character”in the Poetry of the Song Dynasty

InSongdynastyPoetics,andspecificallyinthetrendtowards"therestorationofeleganceandthevenerationofelevatedmoralcharacter"(fuyachongge),ya(elegance)stressedthepoet'sinternalizednobilityoftaste.Therecognitibnoftheexistenceofthisqualitywasfoundedonanevaluation…     

The Eastward Development of Tibetan Civilization—The Inevitability of the Formation of a Political Link Between Tibet and the Central Plain in the 13th Century

The"eastwarddevelopmentofTibetancivilization"inthispapermainlyreferstotheinseparableandinherentPOlitical,economic,andculturallinksestablishedbyTibetancivilizationduringtheprocessofitsdevelopmentwiththecivilizationoftheCentralPlaintotheeast.Wewillseethatth…     

The Personal Background of Private Entrepreneurs & the“Success”of Their Enterprises

Ⅰ.IntroductionTheemergenceanddevelopmentofprivateentrepreneurshavebeennotablephenomenaduringthetransitionofthesocialstructure.ThispaperwillexaminethemechanismofChina'stransitiontoamarketeconomybyanalyzingthe"successes"ofprivateentrepreneursintheprivateeconomicsectorasanaspectofthistransition.Thetheoryof"markettransition"putforwardbyIvanSzelenyiandVictorNee,anddiscussionsrelatedtothistheory,provideareferencepointforanalyzingchangesinthesocialstructureorsocialstrataduringthetransitionofChines…     

A Look at the Future of Studies on the History of Literature—Commentaries on the '95 Hong Kong International Symposium on "Reflections on the History of Chinese Literature

Aninternationalsymposiumon"ReflectionsontheHistoryofChineseLiterature"washeldfrom13to15October1995inHongKongandhostedbytheDepartmentofHumanities,HongKongUniversityofScienceandTechnology.AmongthosewhoattendedthesymposiumwerescholarsfromthemainlandofChina,t…     

On the "Revolution Worship" during the Revolution of 1911

"Revolution" may have been the most popular word among Chinese youth during the period of the Revolution of 1911. As a means of remolding Chinese society, it was an object of worship especially among radical intellectuals.     

Facing the Cultural Challenge of the 21st Century──A Summary of the International Symposium on"Cultural Dialogues and Cultural Misreading

CulturalStudles:TheWorldwideMain8treamDiscourseattheEndoftheCenturyTheInternationalSymPosiumon"CulturalDialoguesandCuIturalMisread-ing"washeldatBeijingNationalLibraryon9Octoberl995.ItwasjointlysPonsoredbytheChineseComparativeLiteratureSocietyandtheInstitu…     

My Views on the Monism of the Labor Theory of Value──A Brief Comment on the Dispute Between Su Xing and Gu Shutang and Others

Atthebeginningof1993,IreadComradeSuXing'spaper"OntheMonismoftheLaborTheoryofVaIue,"1whileearlythisyearIreadthearticle"OntheNewMonismoftheLaborTheoryofValue"byGuShutangandLiuXin.2TheformerinsisteduponthemonismoftheMarxistlabortheoryofvalue,andcriticizedthepluralisticviewthatnon-laborfactorsalsodeterminevalue,aviewthathasariseninChina'stheoreticalcirclesinrecentyears.Inthelatteritwassuggestedthatthetraditionalmonismofthelabortheoryofvaluecouldnolongerexplainthedeterminationofvalueinreal…     

A Study of the "Purge" of the Guomindang in Nanjing in 1927

In order to resist the measures taken by the Wuhan government to weaken their power, the Nationalists in Nanjing represented by Jiang Jieshi began in the spring of 1927 to use underworld forces to indirectly seize party and administrative power in the areas under their control. After repeated consultations with some of the founding members of the Guomindang, Jiang Jieshi, motivated by the desire to establish a separate central organ and to legitimize his own position, launched the so-called "purge" marked by the April Twelfth Massacre. After realizing     

On the Nature of the American Plantation Slave Economy─An Interpretation of Marx''''s“Grafting”Theory

Foralongtime,worksproducedbothinChinaandabroadhaveoftenlumpedtogethertheplantationsinthesouthernUnitedStatesandtheslavesystem.Atthesametime,theyhavetreatedmodernandancientformsofslaveryasthesamething,whichhasresultedinerroneousviewsonthenatureoftheAinericanplantationslaveeconomy.Morethanahundredyearsago,Marxstudiedthisissueindepthandexpoundedmanybrillianttheoreticalopinions.1InhisclassicalworkTheTheoryofSurPlusValue,MarxexplicitlypointedoutthatintheAInericanplantationslaveeconomythere"exi…     

Poetic Interest in the Chuanqi Tales of the Tang Dynasty

IPoetrywasthehighestformofspirituallifeoftheTangdynasty(618-907).TheanecdotesconcerningthepoetLiBai'sbohemianlifedevotedtopoetryandwine,combinedwithhiscontemptforauthority,wellillustratetheesteemaccordedpoetsintheTangperiod.DuFuinhispoem"YinzhongBaxiange"(SongoftheEightWine-drinkingImmortals)wroteofhimself:EvenwhentheEmperorsummonedhimforboating,hedeclined,Declaringhispreferenceforaboutofwine!Tangcaizizhuan(StoriesofTalentedScholarsoftheTangDynasty)recordshowthepoetLiBaiduringadrinkin…     

On the Ideal Model for Development of National Literature

Nationalliteraturecannotremainaclosedsystemandathinguntoitselfifitwantstoexistanddevelopwithintheliteratureandcultureofthewholeworld.Itisimpossibletomentiononewithouttheothersince,intermsoftheirscaleofvalues,worldliteratureandnationalliteraturehavevirtuallymergedintoanintegratedwhole.Itisthereforeimperativethatartandliterarytheoristsevolveassoonaspossibleanidealmodelforthedevelopmentandprosperityofnationalliteratureinthefaceoftheopportunitiesandchallengesofthecentury.Iwouldliketosuggesta"model…     

Adopting a Realistic Attitude Towards History and Drawing on Experience──A Survey of the Symposium on the History of Examinations in China

Chinaisthetraditionalhomeofexaminations'TheschoolandimperialexaminationsofancientChinahadafar-reachinginfluenceonChinesesocialandhistoricaldevelopmentandcontemporaryWesterncivilserviceexaminations.Inordertoinvestigatethelawsgoverningtheorigin,developmentandevolutionofexaminations,tosummarizehistoricalexperiencesandlessonslearned,topromotetheoreticalresearchonexaminationsandbetterservetheexaminationreformsnowunderway,a"SymposiumontheHistoryofExaminationsinChina"washeldinBeijinginMayl998.Pre…     

A Study of Confucian Classics and Confucian Poetics─Confucian Exemplary Speech [Liyan 立言] in Classical Texts from the Perspective of Language Theory

I.TheExistentialDesireofConfucianstoInterprettheSubjectandthe"Creation"oftheHomeofLanguageIndiscussingthehypothesis"thethinkingpoetandthepoeticthinker"inhisworkonpoetics,MartinHeideggerdefinedlanguageas"ofprimarysignificancefortheexistenceofman,"andsuggestedthat"languageservesasahomeofexistence;,'"Manisalivingbeingcapableofspeech,anditisthisthatdistinguisheshimfromplantsandanimals."Thisstatementdoesnotsimplymeanthat,alongwithotherfaculties,manalsopossessesthefacultyofspeech-Itmeansthatonl…     

The Institutional Environment of "Mutual Interpenetration of Scholars and Merchants" after the Mid-Ming: From the Perspective of Changes in Government Policy

The "mutual interpenetration of scholars and merchants" was a noticeable social phenomenon after the mid Ming. The appearance of this phenomenon had complex and deep-rooted social causes, among which in-