私力救济的法社会学思考

文章从法社会学的角度详细探究了私力救济所产生的社会根源和其它成因,提出应在法律的许可限度内,允许公民在一定规则和司法的合理引导下,通过私力救济解决问题,使公民合理地享有私权自治处理纠纷的权利与可能.     

A quick method for evaluating causal models

An evaluation scheme is presented for causal models following Blalock's and Simon's approach. The scheme is very quick even for a high number of variables. Several possibilities of practical utilization are discussed with numerical examples.     

Psychophysical measurement and the validity of the modern economic approach: A presentation of methods and preliminary experiments

The modern economic approach to human behavior and social interaction argues that people maximize the subjective theoretical quantity utility. This primary presupposition has resisted all empirical tests and a consensus has developed that it is unfalsifiable. A promising new approach to the problem is introduced in the paper through research on the psychophysical measurement of the marginal utility of money and commitment. The research reported here suggests that the utility function for money conforms to the power law and has an exponent of about .43. The paper also examines the advisability of broadening the utility function to cover social variables. An operationalization of the concept of commitment was examined using psychophysical techniques with the result that people appear to have utility for commitment, that a power function is involved, and that the exponent is in the vicinity of .36.     

建筑重点工程建设中污染治理的博弈分析

经济发展与环境污染相伴而行。在建筑重点工程建设中不可避免地对环境造成一定的破坏。运用博弈论基本原理,从施工企业和监管部门双方的利益入手,分析二者“治理”与“监察”的策略选择,提出了重点工程建设中污染治理的激励机制和两条可行的治理途径。     

中国企业遭遇国外反倾销制裁的原因探析

国外对华采取的反倾销措施,严重阻碍了我国出口贸易的进一步扩大。我国屡次遭受外国的反倾销调查,有着国内外多方面的原因,找出这些原因,有利于出口企业能够正确应对国际反倾销,有利于进一步完善我国的反倾销法规体系。     

On the evaluation of causal models

Procedures for the evaluation of linear recursive simultaneous equation models as a whole are considered. Likelihood-ratio tests for the evaluation and comparison of the adequacy of competing models are interpreted in terms of the Wilks' generalized variance and the generalized multiple correlation coefficient. Examples and computational procedures are given.     

意识形态概念新探

意识形态从其产生到现在一直是一个复杂和多变的概念。在其演变的过程中,关于意识形态概念的论争一直是意识形态问题争论的焦点。分析意识形态的概念应该坚持总体的方法,界定意识形态概念包括几个层次的内容:第一层次,它属于思想社会关系的范畴;第二层次,它反映一定阶级的意志;第三层次,它具有维护阶级统治的功能。具备了这三个层次的内容它就是意识形态。由此,我们可以形成自己的意识形态概念:意识形态是维护统治阶级的利益,反映一定阶级意志的思想社会关系的总和。     

从读写预言到读写真理——纪录片创作模式及其演变新探

纪录片是非故事构造而又戏剧性言说的,这是因为纪录片原则中关于某种本源意义的因素沿引出的结论;也就是说,重走纪录片百年历史,为的是通过对比性思考,剥去掩隐在时间中纪录片与人类历史联系的精神锈斑,我们看到了中国纪录片在这一历史中的一瞥。或者说,中国纪录片创作的传统与历史,以它独具的视界结构和文化视域,表现出世界性的纪录片同质化趋向。在中国,纪录片一样被各个不同的历史时代和现实对象所盛邀,成为联系时代、历史和自然的纽带;一样地苦苦迫寻着未知世界的真实视境,同时为逝去的岁月作最后的见证。     

A canonical approach to assessing occupational mobility matrices

This paper develops a summary measure of occupational persistence which does not require translating the occupational categories into status scale scores. The measure is based on the mean of the squared canonical correlations extracted from a general mobility matrix. The procedure is employed to assess the impact of rapid regional economic diversification on the movement of labor within the occupational structure.     

社会主义和谐社会发展动力新探

对于社会主义和谐社会的发展动力问题,学术界有不同的认识.事实上,社会作为一个复杂的集合体,其发展动力必定是复杂的,不会只是某一种力量在起作用.其中,人的现实利益需要是和谐社会发展的原动力,生产力与生产关系,经济基础与上层建筑之间的矛盾仍然是和谐社会发展的根本动力.值得注意的是和谐社会发展动力中需要加强的具体现实动力:改革开放的直接动力;正确处理人民内部矛盾的具体动力;科技进步与创新的杠杆动力.只有清楚认识这些动力,才能构建真正的和谐社会.     

做好多媒体管理工作 促进教学改革

多媒体在大学教学改革中的作用日益凸显,然而随着多媒体的出现,多媒体管理也随之出现了一些问题。文章通过对这些问题的分析,提出了相应的对策。     

Wage change in the late career: A model for the outcomes of job sequences

This paper elaborates a model for the outcomes of job sequences and illustrates its utility by an empirical analysis of the determinants of wage change for men in their late careers. We argue that job sequences represent the basic components of careers and that a focus on these sequences is useful for explaining the determinants of socioeconomic inequality over the life cycle. Our model permits us to estimate the effects on wage change of a wide array of personal resources and measures of the opportunity structure. We further assess how these types of factors differentially affect wage change for various patterns of labor market behavior and for blacks vs whites. Our empirical analysis of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Middle-Aged Men suggests the importance of patterns of job sequences for wage change and for the explanation of racial differentials in career advancement.     

歇后语翻译的关联理论视角

将关联理论框架应用于汉语歇后语的翻译中。译文成功与否取决于最大关联性的取得,译者须考虑读者所期待的阐释相似性的程度和类型,即应考虑目的读者的认知环境,选择最合适方法,引导读者获取最佳关联性。     

“《春秋》笔削义法”新说——突破“春秋学”千年误区新探

孔子“笔削《春秋》义法”是两千年《春秋》研究的核心问题,一直扑朔迷离,奥妙莫测。自汉代董仲舒“公羊学”盛兴,标榜孑L圣人作“经”,从中生发无数穿凿附会,矛盾百出的“微言大义”,从此将《春秋》研究引入误区。考先秦至汉初典籍,凡称名皆“孔子作《春秋》”,而所征引《春秋》皆出自《左传》。《左传》乃左丘明“因孔子史记具论其语”(司马迁《史记·十二诸侯年表序》)而成,它与左丘明所撰《国语》思想倾向、语言风格皆截然不同。显然,《左传》主体即“孔子史记”,也就是孔子所“笔削”的《春秋》。“《春秋》笔削义法”存在于《左传》之中(而不存于“经”中),笔者不揣浅陋,抛砖引玉,希望把“春秋学”引出千年误区。     

Marrying out: A boundary approach to understanding the marital integration of Asian Americans

For decades, studies of intermarriage have provided insights regarding the integration and assimilation of ethnic groups in the US. In this paper, marriage outcomes are analyzed to gain a better understanding of the integration of Asian Americans into American society. Instead of utilizing assimilation theories that focus on individual-level variables such as education and nativity, I extend two theoretical perspectives to develop a boundary approach which emphasizes the how structured contexts at ethnic and racial boundary levels influence intermarriage outcomes. This approach recognizes the layered character of ethnic boundaries and the salience of ethnic and racial boundaries for new immigrant groups. Multinomial logistic regression models are used to analyze 2000 US Census data. The results generally support the theoretical predictions, suggesting that demographic distributions and the ways in which groups are structured in relation to one another along racial and ethnic boundaries are important predictors of intermarriage.     

高校创业教育教学途径初探

随着创业教育新课程实践而产生的新教学方法,既与传统教育方法有一定联系,又与它有很大的区别。新教学方法的本质在于引导学生主动地参与学习活动,使学生在知识能力、情感态度、创新等方面都得到主动发展。文章从分阶段培养、项目化运作、基地化实施、市场导向等几个方面探讨了创业教育教学的新方法。创业教育的教学导向在于加强基础知识与核心能力的培养,重在联系实际,注重知识的生活应用,以体现学以致用的原则。     

社会学新制度主义述评--政治学研究的社会学新途径

詹姆斯·马奇和约翰·奥尔森为代表的社会学新制度主义的理论基础建立在“社会人”的假设基础之上。个人的政治行动受到制度的规定和制约,不完全是理性选择的结果。个人的偏好不是既定的,政治和社会制度能够影响和塑造个人的性格、偏好以及行为方式等,因此,从这个意义上说,政治能够创造共同的文化和价值,培养公民的认同感和归属感。     

How to study political activists: A petition survey approach

A major challenge for social movement and political campaign studies is generating large, representative samples of political activists. This paper outlines a strategy of surveying those who participate in a common, baseline form of political action: signing petitions. Similar to protest surveys, signing a petition constitutes a more baseline low cost/low risk form of political activism. In 26 states in the U.S. petition lists are public record and, with modest effort, can be used to study a wide variety of issues, groups and campaigns. We outline the steps and costs involved in such a petition survey and how to improve response rate. To assess response bias, we compare demographic and political affiliation measures acquired from a marketing analytics company (Experian) for respondents and non-respondents to our survey of petition signers for two state-level initiative elections, finding only modest and interpretable response bias. The methods presented here have broader implications for survey research in general.     

Defrocking dualism: A new approach to defining industrial sectors

In this paper we argue that a division of the economy into core and periphery sectors does not do justice to the complexity of the structure of the U.S. economy. The dualistic approach is inadequate both theoretically and empirically. While the dual economy literature has utilized multiple concepts it has conceived of them as forming a single dimension. We develop additional concepts from the complex organizations literature and utilize this enlarged set of concepts in a truly multidimensional framework. We also present a new technique of categorization based on a combination of factor and cluster analyses. The resulting categorization is highly interpretable, and it is superior to previous operationalizations in that it fully reflects the multidimensionality of economic segmentation.     

高校毕业生就业难的社会学解析

本文对近年来高校毕业生就业难的社会现象进行了剖析 ,认为其原因是多方面的。既有高校本身的主客观因素致使“结构性矛盾”突出 ,又有人事编制及政策的掣时 ;既有用人单位的无识 ,人事干部的无知 ,又有“暗箱”操作造成的不公平竞争 ;既有个人期望过高 ,又有重点单位和西部边远地区缺乏应有的吸引力。据此以社会学的视角提出了一些政策建议。