变革型领导与员工任务绩效:主动性人格和领导-成员交换的作用

旨在研究变革型领导对员工任务绩效的影响,并以主动性人格理论、领导-成员交换理论为基础,研究领导成员交换和主动性人格在以上关系中所起的中介及调节作用.研究以河北省的6家企业中的213名员工和88名主管为研究对象,对问卷调查所获得的匹配数据进行层级回归分析和结构方程模型分析,结果表明变革型领导对员工的任务绩效有显著的正向影响,领导-成员交换在其中具有完全中介效应;员工的主动性人格得分越高,变革型领导与领导成员-交换之间的正向关系就越强.     

变革型领导行为对员工建言行为的影响研究

主要研究变革型领导行为对员工建言行为的影响及其中介作用机制。在中介作用机制的探讨上,主要从心理认知和社会交换的理论视角出发,侧重于分析心理安全知觉和领导部属交换的中介作用。研究采用问卷调查研究的方法,研究对象是广州5家高科技电子制造企业中的213名员工及其对应的213名领导。通过数据分析发现:变革型领导行为对员工建言行为有显著的正向影响,领导部属交换与心理安全知觉在其中起着完全中介的作用。     

差异化变革型领导对员工创新行为的影响：资源转化视角

 差异化变革型领导是变革型领导多层次建构的结果。早期的变革型领导研究尚未触及领导层面的核心,而差异化变革型领导研究为分层面探讨领导理论提供了新视角。按照中国式交往原则,领导在不同的工作场所会根据与员工不同的关系质量形成差序格局,进而表现出差异化的领导行为。而资源守恒理论认为,差序格局是领导与员工间资源交换差异的结果。        基于资源守恒理论和领导-成员交换理论,将环境动态性、环境竞争性、领导-成员交换引入差异化变革型领导与员工创新行为关系机制中,构建以领导-成员交换为中介、环境动态性和环境竞争性为调节的三维交互下有调节的中介模型,从资源视角揭示差异化变革型领导对创新行为影响的内在机制。采用结构方程模型、Bootstrapping法和双因素分析方法进行层面和简单效应分析,以25人以上的科技企业作为调研对象,收集软件研发、电子通信、生物医药、新材料制造等多个行业32家科技企业人力和研发部门的58个团队配对样本进行实证。        研究结果表明,团队一致性和个体差异性变革型领导均对员工创新行为具有显著正向影响,领导-成员交换在个体差异性变革型领导与员工创新行为间起部分中介作用,在团队一致性变革型领导与员工创新行为间没有中介作用;环境动态性与环境竞争性的交互项在个体差异性变革型领导与员工创新行为间以领导-成员交换为中介的间接关系中有正向调节作用,且高动态-高竞争环境组合更能促进领导资源优化配置。        中国情景下形成的圈子文化更利于领导与员工间的资源互动,进而促进创新行为,且组织内外部环境的高度协同更能促进领导与员工间的资源转化进程。均衡分配领导资源可以直接促进员工创新,但并不利于二者间的资源交互。研究结果厘清了复杂环境下差异化变革型领导者与成员的资源传递机制,为解释中国本土文化提供了新的视角。     

交易型领导和变革型领导对员工行为影响比较研究

<正>选择合适的领导方式,提高员工的工作积极性,减少工作中偷懒、聊天等消极行为成为企业增强软竞争力的必要手段。那么,如何选择有效的领导方式去营造一种规范而和谐的领导和下属之间的关系呢?不同的领导方式是否能有效激励员工的潜能,减少甚至消除员工的反生产行为方面存在的差异呢?对东北老工业基地     

自我牺牲型领导对员工知识共享的作用机制

知识共享能够提高组织创新能力和增强组织可持续性竞争优势。直接领导者作为组织的代理人,其领导行为或方式应会显著影响员工知识共享的意愿,但以往鲜有研究对此议题进行实证探讨。本研究采用214份上司—下属配对调查数据,考察了自我牺牲型领导对员工知识共享的影响效果,尤其是领导信任的中介作用和员工传统性的调节作用。层次回归分析的结果表明:(1)自我牺牲型领导对员工知识共享具有显著的正向预测效果;(2)领导信任在自我牺牲型领导与员工知识共享之间起完全中介作用;(3)员工传统性对自我牺牲型领导与员工的领导信任之间的关系具有显著的调节效应,员工传统性越高,二者之间的正向关系越弱。     

变革型领导对员工创造力的作用机理研究

以内在动机理论为基础,探讨变革型领导行为对下属创造力产生影响的作用机理,即变革型领导通过心理授权和组织对创造力的支持作用于员工创造力,采用结构方程模型分析变革型领导、心理授权、组织对创造力的支持与员工创造力之间的关系,采用问卷调查方法进行研究.结果发现,心理授权对变革型领导和组织对创造力的支持产生中介作用,但对员工的创造力并无显著影响,说明在中国情境下,授权并不能使员工积极放心地从事创造性工作,因此在实践中领导对员工授权需谨慎;变革型领导通过心理授权和组织对创造力的支持对员工的创造力产生正向作用,验证了提出的假设,使变革型领导影响员工创造力的过程具体化和清晰化,对实践具有较强的指导意义. 通过心理授权和组织对创造力的支持作用于员工创造力,采用结构方程模型分析变革型领导、心理授权、组织对创造力的支持与员工创造力之间的关系,采用问卷调查方法进行研究.结果发现,心理授权对变革型领导和组织对创造力的支持产生中介作用,但对员工的创造力并无显著影响,说明在中国情境下,授权并不能使员工积极放心地从事创造性工作,因此在实践中领导对员工授权需谨慎;变革型领导通过心理授权和组织对创造力的支持对员工的创造力产生正向作用,验证了提出 假设,使变革型领导影响员工创造力的过程具体化和清晰化,对实践具有较强的指导意义.     

道德型领导对下属反馈规避行为的影响及其作用机制

基于社会交换和内在动机理论,以219名企业员工为对象,考察了道德型领导对下属反馈规避行为的影响效果及其作用机制.研究发现:道德型领导对下属反馈规避行为有显著负向影响;下属感知的与领导的交换关系和工作意义对FAB也有负向影响,且在道德型领导与下属反馈规避行为之间有部分中介作用.研究结果首次从社会交换和内在动机视角证实了道德型领导对下属反馈规避行为的抑制作用,并在一定程度上丰富了学术界对下属反馈规避行为诱发因素及其机制的认识.     

The roles of vertical and shared leadership in the enactment of executive corruption: Implications for research and practice

Recent scandals involving executive leadership have vaulted the topic of executive corruption to a central concern in the organizational literature. History suggests that power can corrupt and that absolute power can be an especially toxic influence. In this paper we propose that the propensity for corruption (as measured by CEO responsibility disposition) of leaders and the degree to which leadership is shared are key factors in understanding the potential for executive corruption. More specifically, shared leadership is proposed as a moderator that can deter corruptive tendencies by providing checks and balances capable of reducing the potential for corrupt behavior. A conceptual model is offered along with propositions to help guide future research and practice.     

The mediating effect of organizational commitment and employee empowerment: how transformational leadership impacts employee knowledge sharing intention

This study examined the underlying process through which transformational leaders provide an influence on employees’ knowledge sharing intention by concentrating on mediating roles of psychological empowerment and employees’ commitment to organizations. The direct and indirect impacts of transformational leadership on knowledge sharing were explored. In order to test the proposed hypotheses, structural equation modelling analysis was conducted with a sample of 426 full-time employees in South Korea. The results of this study showed a significant direct effect of transformational leadership on psychological empowerment and organizational commitment, which in turn had a significant influence on employees’ knowledge sharing intention. Transformational leadership had only an indirect effect on knowledge sharing intention among employees. These results bring out the importance of mediating roles of employee’s attitudes, especially organizational commitment, for promoting knowledge sharing intention among employees.     

变革型领导、组织公民行为与心理授权关系研究

探讨变革型领导行为对下属的组织公民行为产生影响的作用机制,即变革型领导是否会通过心理授权的中介作用对下属的组织公民行为产生影响.采用结构方程模型的方法分析了变革型领导行为、组织公民行为以及心理授权的不同维度之间的关系,研究的样本包括高科技组织中282名员工以及他们所对应的领导者.研究结果表明,变革型领导行为通过心理授权作为中介变量对下属员工的组织公民行为具有显著的影响作用;心理授权中的意义性和自我效能两个维度在变革型领导与组织公民行为之间起到中介作用;关系导向和任务导向的变革型领导对心理授权和组织公民行为的不同维度产生影响作用的路径是不同的.     

Customer incivility and employee well-being: testing the moderating effects of meaning,perspective taking and transformational leadership

This study investigated factors that influence the relationship between experiencing customer incivility and the psychological well-being of employees in the service industry (N?=?215). Using the cognitive appraisal theory of stress, we identified and tested three factors that may buffer employees from the negative effects of customer incivility: finding meaning in work, perspective taking, and transformational leadership of supervisors. Transformational leadership was found to moderate the relationship between customer incivility and employee well-being. Meaning and perspective taking did not moderate the relationship between customer incivility and employee well-being, but did have a positive association with employee well-being. These findings contribute to the literature on customer incivility and suggest that organization-based resources that influence both primary and secondary appraisal, such as transformational leadership, are useful in buffering the harmful employee outcomes related to customer incivility.     

Daily transformational leadership and employee job crafting: The role of promotion focus

Transformational leaders are expected to challenge their followers to take greater ownership of their work, allowing the leader to align followers with tasks that enhance their performance. In the present study, we hypothesize that transformational leadership is positively related to followers' job-crafting behaviour – proactive behaviour aimed at optimizing job demands and job resources. Moreover, we argue that followers' promotion focus (i.e. being driven by growth and development needs) positively moderates this relationship. Data were collected from 107 employees from Norwegian knowledge-based organizations (response?=?93.2%). Participants responded to a general questionnaire and five daily diary questionnaires (total N?=?535 occasions). The results of multilevel analyses revealed partial support for our hypotheses. Followers' day-level perception of their leader's transformational behaviour was positively related to followers' day-level job crafting in the form of increasing structural and social resources. Moreover, daily transformational leadership was particularly beneficial for job crafting when followers scored high (vs. low) on the trait promotion focus. We conclude that transformational leaders can encourage their followers' use of job crafting, and that employees' promotion focus facilitates this effect.     

The effect of authentic transformational leadership on follower and group ethics

We propose a theoretical model to examine how authentic transformational leadership influences follower individual and group ethical decision making. We investigate how follower moral identity and moral emotions mediate the effect of authentic transformational leadership on follower authentic moral action. Furthermore, we explore how authentic transformational leadership develops group ethical climate, which in turn contributes to enhancing group ethics and to developing follower moral identity and moral emotions. Future research and practical implications are discussed.     

When the victim becomes vicious: Combined effects of pseudo transformational leadership and epistemic motivation on contempt and deviant behaviors

Utilizing affective events theory (Weiss & Cropanzano, 1996), the current study unravels how and when pseudo-transformational leaders promote contempt, avoidance, and aggression. Specifically, we examined whether pseudo-transformational leadership enforces feelings of contempt, which, in turn, fosters interaction avoidance and covert aggression in followers. We hypothesized that contempt also has an indirect effect that is contingent on levels of epistemic motivation of followers. By adopting a multi-wave research design, we gathered data from 277 employees of the service sector of Pakistan. The results signified that followers of pseudo-transformational leaders feel contemptuous of them and respond with interaction avoidance and indirect aggression. Further, we found that the impact of pseudo-transformational leadership on contempt was more pronounced in individuals with higher levels of epistemic motivation. We believe that this study opens up a new avenue in the pseudo-transformational leadership literature by highlighting the mechanism and conditions under which such leaders are deleterious for organizations.     

Daily work pressure and exposure to bullying-related negative acts: The role of daily transformational and laissez-faire leadership

The present study integrates the work environment hypothesis and the effort-reward imbalance model to argue that work-related antecedents of workplace bullying are moderated by the day-to-day leadership practices of one’s immediate leader. Specifically, we propose that individuals’ daily experiences of work pressure are positively related to their daily experiences of bullying-related negative acts. Moreover, we claim that this relationship is weaker on days when those individuals report high (vs. low) levels of transformational leadership behaviour, and stronger on days when they report high (vs. low) levels of laissez-faire leadership behaviour. To test these three hypotheses, we asked 61 naval cadets on a tall ship sailing from Northern Europe to North America to fill out a diary questionnaire for 36 days yielding 1509 observations. The results of multilevel analyses supported our hypothesis of a positive relationship of cadets’ daily reports of work pressure with their daily reports of bullying-related negative acts. In addition, laissez-faire leadership behaviour (but not transformational leadership behaviour) moderated the work pressure–bullying-related negative acts relationship. Our findings support the assumption that laissez-faire leadership is an important component in the development of conflict escalation and workplace bullying, while transformational leadership is not. We discuss theoretical as well as practical implications of these findings.