基于共青团视角的农村留守儿童现状调查研究

2015年6月,贵州4名留守儿童在家中喝农药自杀,留守儿童这个特殊群体再次引起社会的广泛关注.笔者在福建省建宁县挂职期间,为了深入了解农村留守儿童现状,在团县委领导的指导下,以建宁县农村留守儿童作为研究对象,通过对留守儿童的学习生活、心理状况等方面进行深入调研,全面了解建宁县留守儿童的生活现状和成长需求,并围绕留守儿童成长中的重点问题,结合本地实际提出相应的措施和建议.     

流动儿童问题新析

留守儿童已经成为社会关注的热点,但也有研究证明:留守儿童的心理特征与普通儿童并无差异,甚至在某些方面优于普通儿童。所以目前我们应该适时的把目光转向"流动儿童"。这些随打工的父母生活在城市,城市的不认可,和其自身对农村的不认同,给身处其中的城市"流动儿童"成长带来了深刻的影响,本文皆在通过留守儿童和流动儿童的比较,证明流动儿童的问题其实更加严重,同时分析他们所处的环境对其的影响,从而唤起人们对"流动儿童"的关注。     

论“破窗效应”对留守儿童犯罪的影响

通过一起留守儿童恶性犯罪,分析出"破窗效应"的环境负面影响对留守儿童犯罪心理的客观影响。主要有自身原因,家庭原因,学校原因,社会原因和群体影响等方面。通过这些分析能更好的预防和避免留守儿童犯罪现象的恶化。     

关于邵阳市旦平村留守儿童的调查报告

留守儿童会在生活方面和心理方面,与那些长期和父母生活在一起的孩子存在差异,并且这些留守儿童在成长过程中或多或少也存在这样那样的问题,因此他们目前的情况很值得我们去探讨和研究。通过调查分析,找出对策来缓解留守儿童存在的问题,这对留守儿童的健康发展,以及新农村建设乃至整个社会的和谐发展都有积极的意义。     

守望与失落：留守儿童的精神世界

在中国,有这样一群儿童,他们的父母迫于经济压力背井离乡外出打工,而他们却被留在家乡与爷爷奶奶等隔代亲人一起生活,他们被称为留守儿童。根据2013年全国妇联的《我国农村留守儿童、城乡流动儿童状况研究报告》显示,全国有农村留守儿童6102.55万,占农村儿童37．7％,占全国儿童21．88％。本次调查经过渚多中西部农村,让笔者深切体会到了农村留守儿童的生存现状,并着力用一种局外人、观察者的身份对他们的精神世界一探究竟。     

广西偏远地区农村留守儿童现状调查研究--以乐业县为例

留守儿童作为我国经济体制转型时期的特殊现象,由于其本身生活现状的复杂性,引起了广泛关注。本文通过对广西偏远农村地区特别是百色乐业县周边留守儿童情况的实地调查、分析,认为广西偏远农村地区留守儿童的现状问题主要是生活、教育和心理等方面的问题,本文认为倡导社会各界共同关心和帮助农村留守儿童;以及加强父母对农村留守儿童的监护和引导等方法是解决广西偏远地区农村留守儿童问题的主要措施。     

论农村留守儿童家庭教育的缺失与对策

农村留守儿童由于父母外出务工,直接导致了其正常家庭教育的缺失。家庭教育的缺失使留守儿童在基本生活、人身安全、心理、道德等方面呈现或潜伏着一些问题。农村留守儿童家庭教育缺失的主要原因在于家庭结构不完整造成的教育功能弱化、隔代教育代沟明显、教育者和受教育者角色意识模糊,以及留守家庭教育文化氛围缺失等。要解决农村留守儿童家庭教育缺失的问题,需要留守儿童家庭、学校和社会共同做出努力。     

绘画艺术表达对促进留守儿童心理健康水平发展的实证研究

留守儿童处于成长阶段,各方面都不成熟,自律能力较弱,容易受外界的影响,引发许多心理问题如自我中心,任性自私,对人敌对冷漠等。但因农村地区中小学在师资和教学硬件条件较有限,无法及时发现留守儿童的心理问题并加以有效地心理辅导,从而错过了最佳时机,酿成悲剧。儿童绘画作为儿童表达思想和情感的一种简单方式,易于实施和解读。绘画中对色彩、线条等的挥洒运用,能帮助留守儿童将口语不能表达完整的思想情感更加淋漓尽致地展现。通过绘画作品能呈现很多儿童潜在的心理问题。笔者在设计留守儿童心理健康状态问卷,充分了解留守儿童的心理现状的基础上,以儿童对自己绘画作品阐述为主旨,根据绘画作品了解儿童的心理状态与留守儿童充分沟通,仔细倾听留守儿童绘画作品所蕴含的寓意,谨慎的进入留守儿童的内心世界,构建以儿童为中心的绘画概念。     

农村留守儿童发展困境分析——基于依恋理论视角

农村留守儿童作为社会弱势群体,正在受到社会各阶层的广泛关注。经济分化的差异性扩大,农村青壮年劳动力更多地流向经济发达地区,导致留守儿童和父母长期性的异地分离,缺少了以父母为基础的社会支持网络,致使儿童具有需求表达的边缘性、教育拮据的窘迫性、生活上的无助性、心理情感上的脆弱性,这必然对农村留守儿童的发展产生一定的负面影响。本文从依恋理论的视角出发,对留守儿童和依恋理论的定义作出阐释,了解当前留守儿童的发展困境,分析留守儿童存在的心理问题,最后对农村留守儿童的发展提出建议,使其保持健康的心理状态。     

外出打工父母,需要一把打开留守孩子心扉的钥匙

"种爱计划"是由婚姻与家庭杂志社与北京青爱教育基金会共同发起的关爱留守儿童公益活动,通过与留守儿童进行书信往来,提供精神陪伴,以及孩子们所需要的关于家庭教育、儿童心理及生活指导等方面的课程及帮助。留守儿童的心理问题不容忽视留守儿童正处于成长发育关键时期,他们无法享受父母在思想认识及价值观念上的引导和帮助,缺少来自父母情感上的关注和呵护,就可能会产生认识、价值上的偏离,个性、心理发展的异常,或者这样以及那样不容忽视的心理和行为问题。     

公用事业公有制的多种实现形式

分析了公用事业由国有独资经营向公有制多种实现形式转化必须把握好的几个方面。同时,政府应加强对公用事业的宏观控制力。     

Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of facial expressions of six emotions as a function of sex and level of education (high school, college, university) of the subjects. Three hundred French-speaking citizens of Quebec had to judge which emotion was expressed in various facial stimuli presented on slides. Results show that overall, the recognition of emotions was very good. However, there were significant and strong differences between emotions and sex and levels of education did not have strong effects on the results.This research was supported by grant EQ-1717 from Fonds FCAC (Gouvernment du Quebec).     

浅析廊坊市加快科学发展的思路及措施

主要从思想建设、产业结构调整、城乡一体化方面探讨廊坊市抓住发展机遇,加快科学发展的思路。     

Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners

The idea of a community of learners is based on the premise that learning occurs as people participate in shared endeavors with others, with all playing active but often asymmetrical roles in sociocultural activity. This contrasts with models of learning that are based on one‐sided notions of learning— either that it occurs through transmission of knowledge from experts or acquisition of knowledge by novices, with the learner or the others (respectively) in a passive role. In this paper, I develop the distinction between the community of learners and one‐sided approaches from the perspective of a theory of learning as participation, and use two lines of research to illustrate the transitions in perspective necessary to understand the idea of communities of learners. One line of research examines differing models of teaching and learning employed by caregivers and toddlers from Guatemalan Mayan and middle‐class European‐American families; the other line of research involves a study of how middle‐class parents make a transition from their own schooling background to participate in instruction in a public US elementary school.     

The frequency of sexual abuse and depression in a sample of street children of one of deprived districts of Tehran

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of sexual abuse and depression among street children who live in a deprived district of Tehran. The researchers used the K-SADS questionnaire and a clinical interview were used to evaluate depression and sexual abuse in 87 street children in Tehran. Eighteen (20.9%) of the children had been sexually abused. Depressed children were 3.2 times more likely to be sexually abused than non-depressed children. Furthermore, 26 girls (86.7%) and 27 boys (48.2%) suffered from depression. The frequency of depression demonstrated a significant association with the father's or breadwinner's history of imprisonment or unemployment. Interventional programs providing education and support should be implemented for street children.     

劳动法视域下新生代农民工权利缺失问题

中国经济崛起和城市化进程过程中农民工的贡献有目共睹,城市让生活更美好的诱惑使得中国的新老两代农民工从农村流入城市,2008年1月1日的《劳动合同法》和《劳动争议调解仲裁法》让社会看到了改善农民工权利状况的希望,然而新生代农民工的权利保护尤其是作为一名劳动者的权利保护的现状依然不如人意,没有救济的权利不是真正的权利、迟来的正义是非正义,每年岁末对于农民工权益的突击性保障并不能从根本上解决问题,把包括农民工权益保障的社会问题纳入法治框架内、通过探析新生代农民工权利阙如问题及原因进而发现从制度层面进行解决才是解决农民工权益保障问题的根本途径。     

学龄儿童健康行为研究方法述评

学龄儿童健康行为研究越来越得到重视,在未来周期性的研究中也面临着在快速发展的背景下保持较高质量、在有限的财政资源情况下持续提高、使趋势分析与修改问卷内容相适应、满足科学受众和政策受众的不同要求等挑战,因此,完善其研究方法成为当前迫切需要。     

“吸毒人员未成年子女监护问题”研讨会综述

针对吸毒人员对其未成年子女的监护不力或监护缺失的现状，深入探讨了终止、剥夺乃至转移吸毒人员监护权的问题。涉及到监护权转移实践方面的问题，与会专家提出了临时监护人，短、长期寄养家庭，机构性质的儿童之家，儿童福利院等多种监护权转移方案。对一些存有疑义的问题，则是需要系统研究、统筹规划的新课题。     

The impact of generation and country of origin on the mental health of children of immigrants

The authors reexamine the study of generational differences in adjustment among the children of immigrants by arguing that the country of origin defines and shapes the adaptation process across generations. Using a sample of children in Toronto, the authors demonstrate that generational differences in the mental health of children occur only in families from countries of origin at the lowest levels of economic development. Among those at the lowest levels of economic development, a mental health advantage in the first generation evolves to a disadvantage in the 2.5 generation relative to third or later generational children. Children from backgrounds characterized by higher economic development show no initial or eventual differences from the native born. Using data from the Toronto Study of Intact Families, the authors are able to explain differences among children from low economic development backgrounds specifically in terms of increasing family conflict and decreasing school involvement across generations.