我国公共交通场站建设模式研究

一、我国公共交通场站建设现状我国城市公共交通系统由公共交通工具、公共交通线网及公共交通场站等部分组成,其中公共交通场站是公共交通系统中最为重要的部分。在提升城市公共交通系统的服务水平的过程中,公共交通场站建设有着举足轻重的作用。笔者所提及的公共交通场站是指城市公共汽、电车场站,包括首末站、中途站、换乘枢纽、停车场及保养场等。公共交通场站不但在整个交通系统中发挥着重要作用,其建设布局也为城市服务提供了关键     

城市公共交通可持续优先发展的政策保障机制研究

公共交通导向的城市规划概念最早由美国提出，此后在欧洲和发展中国家城市建设中都引起了广泛关注。2004年中国建设部发布《关于优先发展城市公共交通的意见》，2005年国务院下达了《国务院办公厅转发建设部等部门关于优先发展城市公共交通意见的通知》，公共交通优先发展战略在中国城市正式开始实施。2004年至今，城市公共交通优先发展战略实施已走过了9个年头，政府在公共交通系统基础设施建设和系统运营等方面都有一定的财政投入，城市公共交通运营车辆数量稳步增长。但是，在公共交通优先发展过程中，仍有许多城市出台的相关政策对公共交通优先发展的支持力度不够，公共交通优先发展战略实施面临持续性压力，随着我国城镇化步伐加快，公共交通优先发展相关政策的运行面临着严峻挑战。     

天津优先发展城市公共交通的路径探讨

城市公共交通是关系国计民生的重要社会公益事业。优先发展城市公共交通，是改善民生、提高群众生活质量的必然要求，是方便群众出行、破解交通拥堵难题的重要途径，是当前急需解决的重大问题。一、天津城市公共交通发展现状天津公共交通已有百年历史，1904年就拥有了我国最早的有轨电车。建国以后，特别是改革开放以来，     

关于加快天津城市公共交通发展的思考

城市公共交通是城市赖以存在和发展的重要基础设施之一。公共汽车出现后的一个多世纪以来,现代意义上的城市公共交通迅速发展,已经成为城市交通的主体和城市化程度的重要标志。随着城市化进程的加快和城市经济的快速发展,城市公共交通遇到许多新情况、新矛盾,这不仅是中国城市面临的焦点问题,也是世界大多数国家城市普遍关注的问题。天津市是中国特大型城市,如何解决城市公共交通问题,如何加快城市公共交通的发展,已经成为天津跨向21世纪的一个非常严峻的课题。     

德国的城市公共交通

<正>德国的城市中,一般都具有设施相当完善且运营效率高的公共交通系统。在具有一定规模的城镇中,至少设置有一个公共汽车系统。在规模较大的城市中,还另外设置了多种不同模式的公共交通设施。由于公共交通设施非常完备,人们往往不需要自驾私人小汽车出行。本文介绍了德国城市中常见的几种公共交通设施、交通地图和交通标志、公共交通的车票     

常州市城市公共交通现状探究

研究常州市公共交通市场的现状,分析常州市城市公共交通存在的问题和问题产生的原因,并探讨解决城市公共交通发展的管理方法。     

上海公交优先发展战略及分阶段实施问题研究

城市公共交通作为城市的重要基础设施,与人民群众的生产生活密切相关,是城市经济社会全面、协调发展的重要基础。优先发展城市公共交通是贯彻落实科学发展观、建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会的重要举措,也是提高交通资源利用效率,缓解交通拥堵的重要手段。长期以来,上海市政府高度重视公共交通的发展,采取了一系列措施加以推进,取得了显著的成效。未来为构建以轨道交通为骨干、地面公交为基础、出租汽车为补充、信息系统为手段、交通枢纽为衔接的科学合理的城市公共交通体系,上海还应坚持不懈地把优先发展城市公共交通贯穿于全市交通建设和管理的全过程、各环节中去。     

英国伦敦改善公共交通的措施

<正> 伦敦市政府为解决城市交通拥挤与堵塞、城市公共交通客运量下降及减少城市环境污染等问题,从1990年开始加强了对公共交通的管理,提倡大力发展城市公共交通,实行公共汽车优先通行的有效措施,市政府除在财政上给予公共交通以大力扶植外,还投入大量资金研究和发展了新型公共交通运营系统如:有轨电车、轻轨交通和导向式公共汽车。为了改善公共交通的运营环境,在城市交通管理和规     

“公交都市”建设的国际比较及启示

随着我国城市的发展，交通拥堵问题日益突出。公共交通作为承载率高、低碳环保的交通方式被寄予很高期望。各城市对发展公共交通日渐重视，“公交都市”示范城市的建设规模逐渐扩大。国外发达国家在发展公共交通方面的做法给予我们诸多启示。     

国内资讯

正中国城市公共交通协会第五次会员代表大会召开近日,中国城市公共交通协会第五次会员代表大会在北京召开。住房城乡建设部党组成员、副部长倪虹,全国政协常委、九三学社中央副主席赖明等出席会议并讲话。倪虹指出,近几年,我国优先发展城市公共交通的政策逐步得以落实,城市公共交通建设快、发展好、成效大。作为公共交通行业的全国性社团组织,中国城市公共交通协会发挥了重要作用。现在正处于城市与城市交通快速发展和转型的关键时期,是我国城市公共交通     

基于公交站点的客流OD预测

一般公交规划中公交客流OD预测方法都是基于交通小区的,所以在分配时的OD出发点和到达点都是交通小区形心,这与实际的公交乘客出行特征存在一定误差。该文在交通小区公交客流OD基础上提出了一种利用交通小区内公交站点性质的,基于公交站点OD的预测方法,可以预测站点公交客流分布和进行准确的公交分配。     

Effects of public transit policies on taxi drivers’ wages

We investigate the effects of two public transit policies, subsidization and privatization, on the wages of taxi drivers. In theory, transit operating subsidies benefit transit firms at the expense of the taxi industry and its employees. By contrast, the privatization policy of contractingout transit service to lower cost private providers is potentially beneficial to taxi firms and their drivers. Estimated wage equations confirm that transit operating subsidies have negatively affected taxi driver wages even as they have bolstered transit drivers’ wages. Transit privatization has had the predicted positive effect on taxi driver wages, all else held constant. These results suggest that a more accurate assessment of the effect of transit operating subsidies on labor costs must encompass their net effects on the labor costs of the entire urban transportation sector, not just the public transit industry.     

可安居的城市——美国公交专家访欧观感

由16位美国公交专家组成的“学习团”考察了维也纳等6个西欧城市,并指出:完美的公交设施与重点发展电气交通等的英明政策使这些城市跻于世界最可安居城市之列。     

Women in transit: Risky journeys and precarious lives among North Korean female escapees in China

This article seeks to unpack the gendered dynamic of transit migration through a case study of North Korean women escapees in China. Drawing on the notion of situated agency, which implies that agency is a kind of social embedding, this paper analysed 30 interview narratives of North Korean women to capture the structural factors that shape their risky journeys and precarious lives in transit. The content analysis reveals key gendered dimensions of transit migration. The feminized marketization in North Korea caused a dramatic increase in the outflow of women to China. The border-crossing and deportation experiences of female escapees are precipitated by a complicated smuggling and trafficking industry. Despite their hyper-precarious lifeworlds in the transit country, these women show varying degrees of resilience and resourcefulness that enable them to move on to their next steps of life. The findings broaden our understanding on the meaning of gendered mobility in transit migration shaped by the deterrent border regime.     

厦门城市公共交通发展之路

论述了厦门市公共交通行业所取得的成绩和存在的诸多问题,并提出了选择合适的发展模式、理顺管理体制、建立合理的价格机制等设想。     

德国汉堡城市公共交通简介

简介汉堡市以铁路交通为主体,并有与公共汽车密切配合的交通网络,以及有关的运营管理情况。     

Public transit wage rates: Pre-Reagan and Reagan-Bush eras

This paper examines the earnings of public transit bus drivers for both the pre-Reagan and Reagan-Bush eras using Current Population Survey data. The findings show that union drivers were consistently paid a significant wage premium over nonunion drivers, a premium which also exceeded that for unionized private nontransport operatives — suggesting that special institutional features of the public transit industry have collectively conferred market power on unionized public transit workers. During the Reagan years, the earnings of public transit drivers, union and nonunion alike, rose relative to those of private and public nontransport operatives in spite of federally-spearheaded cost containment policies. In 1990, these earnings fell relative to those of private and public nontransport operatives, suggesting that the effects of these policies may be beginning to be felt. Helpful comments were provided by Don Bellante and an anonymous referee     

轨道网络化时代深圳城市综合交通一体化研究

在轨道网络化新时期,城市交通体现出新的特点,也提出了新的发展要求。以城市交通发展阶段为指导理论,分析新时期城市交通发展策略,提出以轨道为核心对公交、土地、道路、慢行系统等进行一体化的整合,并建立有效的保障机制,以确保一体化理念的落实。深圳的实践探索对于大规模集中建设轨道交通的城市具有参考意义。     

Rural public transportation and the mobility of older persons: paradigms for policy

Federal policy regarding public transportation in rural areas is examined through a comprehensive literature review. Then, three alternative approaches to future policy are suggested. The current fragmented panoply of rural transit programs that serve a minority of the rural population is the result of cycles of federal regulation and deregulation and chronic underfunding of rural transit compared to urban areas. The public purposes of transit, distinctions of need and demand, and funding comparisons with automobile usage are some contexts which set the framework for the social, and economic, and sustainability paradigms. Specific recommendations within each paradigm are suggested.     

A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words: Irregular Transmigrants’ Journeys and Mental Mapping Methodology

The development of border clusters and transit control regimes aiming to detain irregular migrants before they reach their destination countries is constructed upon a multidimensional geopolitical narrative driven by border security agreements. The Mexican Transit Control Regime illustrates that 16 years of trying to control migration in transit to the United States has not reduced it but has only succeeded in pushing migrants into dangerous routes and risky practices. Using mental maps as a technique to approach transmigrants’ voices, this article aims to contribute to the understanding of the ways irregular migrants in transit live and represent their journey.