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1.
Life Goals Matter to Happiness: A Revision of Set-Point Theory 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bruce Headey 《Social indicators research》2008,86(2):213-231
Using data from the long-running German Socio-Economic Panel Survey (SOEP), this paper provides evidence that life goals matter
substantially to subjective well-being (SWB). Non-zero sum goals, which include commitment to family, friends and social and
political involvement, promote life satisfaction. Zero sum goals, including commitment to career success and material gains,
appear detrimental to life satisfaction. Finding that conscious life goals matter can potentially make an important contribution
to SWB theory. The most widely accepted theory—set-point or dynamic equilibrium theory—essentially claims that set-points
are near-automatic consequences of hereditary characteristics, including personality traits. Life goals play no role in these
theories and major life events are viewed as having only a transitory effect. The SOEP panel data show that, over a 15–20
year period, non-trivial minorities record substantial changes in their set-points. This paper shows linkages between these
changes and (a) the personality traits of extraversion, neuroticism and internal locus of control and (b) choice of life goals.
相似文献
Bruce HeadeyEmail: |
2.
Sibel Selim 《Social indicators research》2008,88(3):531-562
This research aims to investigate life satisfaction and happiness in Turkey. It extends the previous researches on subjective
well-being (SWB) for Turkey by considering both happiness and life satisfaction. The previous researches for Turkey are local
studies, and their findings cannot be generalized to the population of Turkish society. Given these facts, the factors that
shape individual happiness and life satisfaction amongst Turkish people are determined using a representative survey of sociocultural
and political change, World Values Survey (WVS). Some results obtained in this study are similar to typical findings such
as a negative age effect, positive influences of income and health status, and a negative effect of unemployment. Contrary
to the expectations, middle education has a negative direct effect on life satisfaction among females, and the upper education
level is insignificant in the life satisfaction model. By comparing the correlates of happiness and life satisfaction across
different years, this research aims to provide insights for policy makers and professionals to improve the perceived lives
of Turkish people.
相似文献
Sibel SelimEmail: |
3.
This study used a nationally representative sample of young people in Germany from the German Socio-Economic Panel to examine
how demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the young persons and their parents, personality traits of the young
persons, quality and quantity of relationships, the parent's level of life satisfaction, and other measures of satisfaction
for the young person are related to the initial assessment of life satisfaction by the individual at the critical point of
transition from adolescence to adulthood. The results indicated that consistency existed across different domains of satisfaction,
specifically satisfaction with life and satisfaction with grades. A strong pattern of association was also observed between
the subjective well-being of the adolescents and variables that measured different dimensions of the quality and quantity
of interpersonal relationships, including relationships with parents.
相似文献
Eileen TrzcinskiEmail: |
4.
Michael A. Shields Stephen Wheatley Price Mark Wooden 《Journal of population economics》2009,22(2):421-443
This paper uses data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey to investigate the association
between neighbourhood effects and life satisfaction. We find that neighbourhood measures of social support and interaction
and the absence of socio-economic deprivation are positively and significantly correlated with individual life satisfaction.
Neighbourhood fixed effects, however, explain only an additional 1.5 to 2.5% of the variance in life satisfaction over the
14% explained by individual characteristics.
相似文献
Mark WoodenEmail: |
5.
Environmentally Responsible Happy Nation Index: Towards an Internationally Acceptable National Success Indicator 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yew-Kwang Ng 《Social indicators research》2008,85(3):425-446
Amidst increasing attention to happiness studies by economists, the New Economics Foundation launched in July 2006 the Happy
Planet Index (Marks et al. 2006). This is the ratio of the average happy life years (HLY) to the per capita ecological footprint of the country concerned.
HLY is in turn the product of the average happiness (or life satisfaction) index and the life expectancy index. Some essential
revisions to this index are proposed to reach an internationally acceptable national success indicator that aims positively
at long and happy lives but negatively at the external costs of environmental disruption. Hopefully, this ‘environmentally
responsible happy nation index’ will lead to some re-orientation of both the market and national governments towards something
more fundamentally valuable.
相似文献
Yew-Kwang NgEmail: |
6.
Employing data from a mailed survey of a sample of ecologically and spiritually aware respondents (N = 829), the study tests
the hypothesized relationship between ecologically sustainable behavior (ESB) and subjective well-being (SWB). The proposed
link between ESB and SWB is the spiritual practice of mindfulness meditation (MM). In multiple regression equations ESB and
MM independently explain statistically significant amounts of variance in SWB, indicating, for at least the study’s sample,
that there can be a relationship between personal and planetary well-being. The inter-relationships among SWB, ESB and MM
suggest that for specific segments of the general population (e.g., the spiritually inclined) there may not necessarily be
an insurmountable conflict between an environmentally responsible lifestyle and personal quality of life. The research reported
here also points to the potential for meditative/mindful experiences to play a prominent role in the explanation of variance
in SWB, a direction in QoL studies recently highlighted by several researchers (Layard 2005, pp. 189–192; Nettle 2005, pp.
153–160; Haidt 2006).
相似文献
Jeffrey JacobEmail: |
7.
The present study considers how the athletic performance of minority groups relates to national subjective well-being (SWB)
and life expectancy. Based on the argument that sports represent a microcosm of society and the reliable finding that national
inequality is associated with reduced SWB, we hypothesized that greater opportunities for typically disadvantaged groups within
sports should be positively related to national indicators of well-being. Study 1 compared the relation of success in the
Paralympics versus the Olympics to national subjective well-being and life expectancy. The results supported our hypothesis.
In Study 2 we conceptually replicated these results using the standings of national men’s and women’s soccer teams. Overall,
it appears that the opportunities to compete in sports that nations afford to members of disadvantaged groups reflect on the
health and well-being of the entire society.
相似文献
Michelle DownieEmail: |
8.
We estimate the cost of droughts by matching rainfall data with individual life satisfaction. Our context is Australia over
the period 2001 to 2004, which included a particularly severe drought. Using fixed-effect models, we find that a drought in
spring has a detrimental effect on life satisfaction equivalent to an annual reduction in income of A$18,000. This effect,
however, is only found for individuals living in rural areas. Using our estimates, we calculate that the predicted doubling
of the frequency of spring droughts will lead to the equivalent loss in life satisfaction of just over 1% of GDP annually.
相似文献
Michael A. ShieldsEmail: |
9.
This study reviewed three philosophical accounts of happiness, and then tested those accounts with the Asiabarometer surveys
conducted in six Confucian societies during the summer of 2006. Statistical analyses of these surveys reveal that East Asians
tend to experience happiness to a greater extent when they experience enjoyment together with achievement and/or satisfaction.
The preponderance of such multi-dimensional conceptions in all those societies poses a direct challenge to a single dimensional
account of happiness in the West. The analyses also reveal that positive assessments of interpersonal relationships matter
more than the amount of knowledge or wealth in living a happy life in Confucian societies.
相似文献
Doh Chull Shin (Corresponding author)Email: |
Takashi InoguchiEmail: |
10.
The Anamnestic Comparative Self Assessment (ACSA) measure of subjective well-being (SWB) aims to reduce the problems of cultural
bias and relativity to external standards by allowing people to define the endpoints or ‘anchors’ of the measurement scale.
In medical terminology anamnestic denotes ‘based on memory’. The ACSA uses subjects’ memories of the best and worst periods
in their lives to define the anchors of the scale. They then assess their current quality of life relative to these personal
anchors. The South African pilot study tested the match between self-assessment of SWB with ACSA and the conventional single-item
measures of life satisfaction and happiness used in the South African Quality of Life Trends Study and analysed the narratives
of the best and worst times of life. The quota sample of 46 consisted of 26 residents of Makana district in the Eastern Cape
Province, South Africa, and 20 patients undergoing treatment in the local TB hospital. Mean SWB ratings with all three measures
of life satisfaction, happiness and ACSA were between 5 and 6 on a 0–10-point scale. Ratings on all three scales were positively
correlated. However, on ACSA the TB patients rated their current SWB 1.84 points lower than the community respondents, suggesting
a greater sensitivity of this measure. It was observed that the starting points of the life stories produced by respondents
to define the anchor periods for ACSA were related to their current assessment of SWB. A typology was developed that combined
the starting point of the life stories with current SWB. The majority of community respondents matched the ‘Achiever’ type
who scored positively on ACSA (i.e., above the mid-point of the scale) and whose life stories started with the worst period
of their lives and proceeded to the best period. The TB patients were the only respondents to represent the ‘Survivor’ type
whose morale had recovered after misfortune in life. ‘Survivors’ started their narratives with the best period in their lives,
then moved to the worst (often health-related) one, and gave positive ACSA ratings. Based on the qualitative analysis of narratives,
it is concluded that ACSA is a sensitive measurement instrument and therefore particularly useful for monitoring the effects
of treatments and social interventions in longitudinal studies. However, further research is required to verify its cross-cultural
validity.
相似文献
Jan BernheimEmail: |
11.
The current study evaluates three hypothesized models on subjective well-being, comprising life domain ratings (LDR), overall
satisfaction with life (OSWL), and overall dissatisfaction with life (ODWL), using structural equation modeling (SEM). A sample
of 1,310 volunteering students, randomly assigned to six conditions, rated their overall life (dis)satisfaction and their
(dis)satisfaction with six different life domains. Each condition used one of six response formats, differing in (1) orientation
(horizontal vs. vertical), and (2) anchoring (0 to 10, −5 to +5, and Not numbered). The results of a confirmatory factor analysis
(CFA) support a six-factor model of LDR based on satisfaction or dissatisfaction items. However, our findings indicate that
the kind of response format used to obtain satisfaction and dissatisfaction ratings can affect the factor loadings. Our results
indicate that the proposed models of OSWL, and ODWL fit the data well, and are able to predict OSWL and ODWL, respectively.
Moreover, among six life domains, which figure as the latent variables in our models, psychological well-being was found to
be the strongest predictor of both OSWL and ODWL.
相似文献
Peter TheunsEmail: |
12.
Empirically, mental health and mental illness are not opposite ends of a single measurement continuum. In view of this fact,
Keyes (J Health Soc Behav, 43:207–202, 2002) operationalizes mental health as a syndrome of symptoms of both positive feelings (emotional well-being) and positive functioning
(psychological and social well-being) in life. In his comprehensive model, the presence of mental health is described as flourishing
in life, and the absence of mental health is characterized as languishing in life. The aim of this study was to investigate
the discriminatory power of Big Five personality traits in discriminating among the levels of mental health continuum using
an Iranian university student sample. Findings revealed that respondents with different levels of mental health differed significantly
on four of the five personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, and agreeableness). All in all, the
results of this study converged with prior findings about the importance of Big Five personality traits in predicting well-being.
相似文献
Mohsen JoshanlooEmail: |
13.
Money Does not Buy Happiness: Or Does It? A Reassessment Based on the Combined Effects of Wealth,Income and Consumption 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The paper uses household economic panel data from five countries—Australia, Britain, Germany, Hungary and The Netherlands—to
provide a reassessment of the impact of economic well-being on happiness. The main conclusion is that happiness is considerably
more affected by economic circumstances than previously believed. In all five countries wealth affects life satisfaction more
than income. In the countries for which consumption data are available (Britain and Hungary), non-durable consumption expenditures
also prove at least as important to happiness as income.
相似文献
Bruce HeadeyEmail: |
14.
Astra N. Bonini 《Social indicators research》2008,87(2):223-236
This study adds to the literature on subjective well-being and life satisfaction by exploring variation in individual life
satisfaction across countries. Understanding whether and how individual life satisfaction varies across countries is important
because if the goal of development is to increase well-being, we must identify the causes of well-being in different national
and regional contexts. Using hierarchical linear modeling techniques, I test the hypothesis that individual well-being does
vary across countries, and that national wealth, human development and environmental conditions explain this variation. I
also test whether the effects of individual characteristics on life satisfaction (including age, marital status, education,
income, employment status, and sex) vary across countries, and which country level characteristics explain these variations.
Using individual level data from the World Values Survey, I find that there is significant variation in life satisfaction
across countries. There is also significant variation in the slopes of individual predictors of life satisfaction across countries
and regions. Regional differences in the effects of individual characteristics on life satisfaction explain most of the between
country variation in life satisfaction. This indicates that universal development indicators may not adequately reflect differences
in life satisfaction across countries, and that development measurements should better reflect regional differences.
相似文献
Astra N. BoniniEmail: |
15.
The relevance of social interactions on housing satisfaction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
For most individuals, housing is the largest consumption and investment item of their lifetime and, as a result, housing satisfaction
is an important component of their quality of life. The purpose of this paper then is to investigate the determinants of individual
housing satisfaction as a particular domain of satisfaction with life as a whole, examining the effects of individual and
household attributes (predictive), housing characteristics (hedonic), and more importantly, of social interactions originated
in one's residential neighbourhood. To do so, we model housing as a composite commodity that satisfies dwelling needs, as
well as other intangibles such as familiar relationships and socio-status aspects. We use the Survey of Living Conditions
and Poverty (Spain). Specifically, using a self-reported measure of housing satisfaction, we estimate ordered probit models
searching for the empirical specification that provides the best fit accounting for divergences driven by aspirations defined
in the own household (internal norm), and by social comparisons (peer-effect or external norm).
相似文献
Esperanza Vera-ToscanoEmail: |
16.
Personal Values as Mitigating Factors in the Link Between Income and Life Satisfaction: Evidence from the European Social Survey 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using data from the first two rounds of the European Social Survey, we examine the link between income, reference income and
life satisfaction across Western Europe. We find that whilst there is a strong positive relationship between income and life
satisfaction, reference or comparison income exerts a strong negative influence. Interestingly, our results confirm the importance
of personal values and beliefs not only as predictors of subjective well-being, but also as mitigating factors in the relationship
between income, reference income and life satisfaction. While our findings provide additional empirical support for the relative
utility hypothesis, they are also consistent with Rojas’ (J Econ Psychol 28:1–14, 2007) Conceptual-Referent-Theory (CRT), which is based on the premise that the salience of income and comparison income depends on one’s intrinsic values
and personal beliefs.
相似文献
Yannis GeorgellisEmail: |
17.
In this article we examine gender differences in income expectations of students in higher education. We found quite large
gender differences. Men and women differ significantly in the income they expect to earn at the top of their career. We examined
how much personality traits contribute to explain gender differences in income expectations, and to what extent personality
typologies can add to insights about earnings potential derived from human capital theory. The research shows that personality
does affect expected income, that impact goes beyond personality’s indirect effects, which are conveyed largely through gender
differences and students’ choice of study subject.
相似文献
Ariana NeedEmail: |
18.
Proponents of social equality attribute low life satisfaction to income inequality in society, an inequality which occurs
when most people have relatively low income and only a few have high income. In contrast, range-frequency theory and other
social comparison theories predict that when most people have low income, they are satisfied because of the absence of relative
deprivation among themselves. This prediction essentially suggests that that the size of the group of individuals with comparable
income (i.e., income parity) sustains their life satisfaction. This theoretical prediction, however, does not consider their
desire to be distinctive. By incorporating the notion of optimal distinctiveness, the size of income parity may have a quadratic
effect on the individual’s life satisfaction. This is a hypothesis that receives support from the present study in Hong Kong,
China. The study finds a saddle point of income parity size associated with the lowest life satisfaction, other things being
equal. Furthermore, middle-income individuals have income parity size equal to or above this saddle point. They would have
higher life satisfaction with increased income parity size, which therefore leads to a more enlarged income inequality. Others,
however, may have higher life satisfaction with reduced income parity size. Hence, reducing income inequality would have mixed
effects on people with different levels of income.
相似文献
Chau-kiu CheungEmail: |
19.
Esfandiar Zebardast 《Social indicators research》2009,90(2):307-324
The aim of this article is to survey the spontaneous settlements on the Tehran Metropolitan Fringe (TMF), to determine the
different housing sub-domains of quality of life (QOL), to survey overall life satisfaction and to determine the extent to
which overall life satisfaction is explained by the components of the housing domain of QOL in these spontaneous settlements.
Three spontaneous settlements on the TMF were selected by stratified random sampling method. Household interviews were conducted
to gather the needed data. Nineteen indicators were selected to reflect the housing sub-domains of QOL. A factor analysis
identified seven housing sub-domains of QOL: housing consolidation, housing amenities, housing space, housing quality, housing
basic services, housing durability and security of tenure. In all three settlements surveyed, an inverse relationship was
found between satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Very few residents expressed a neutral view about life satisfaction in the
settlements surveyed. In all three settlements surveyed, respondents felt they were more satisfied with their life in their
previous settlements. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the extent to which overall life satisfaction
is explained by the seven extracted components of the housing domain of QOL. The results indicated that there is a direct
relationship between the main reasons for migration to these settlements and the housing sub-domains of QOL.
相似文献
Esfandiar ZebardastEmail: |
20.
Projecting Long-Term Care Expenditure in Four European Union Member States: The Influence of Demographic Scenarios 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Joan Costa-Font Raphael Wittenberg Concepció Patxot Adelina Comas-Herrera Cristiano Gori Alessandra di Maio Linda Pickard Alessandro Pozzi Heinz Rothgang 《Social indicators research》2008,86(2):303-321
This study examines the sensitivity of future long-term care demand and expenditure estimates to official demographic projections
in four selected European countries: Germany, Spain, Italy and the United Kingdom. It uses standardised methodology in the
form of a macro-simulation exercise and finds evidence for significant differences in assumptions about demographic change
and its effect on the demand for long-term care, and on relative and absolute long-term care expenditure. It concludes that
mortality-rate assumptions can have a considerable influence on welfare policy planning. Relative dispersion between country-specific
and Eurostat official estimates was found to be higher for the United Kingdom and Germany than for Italy and Spain, suggesting
that demographic projections had a greater influence in those countries.
相似文献
Joan Costa-FontEmail: |