以创业带就业视角下探索创新创业人才培养理论与实践

双创背景下,大学生创业及就业现状备受社会的关注,高校对于创新创业人才培养愈加重视。创新创业人才培养模式应该把理论与实践相结合,以"生态化教育"为理论指导基础,以培养高素质创新创业人才为教学最终目标,加强对高校学分制以及课程结构的改革,紧抓"学校科研教育、人才培养模式、学生实训基地建设、教学科研团队培养基地建设、学生学业综合能力评价制度革",实现全方面的改革。本文通过对创业带就业视角下创新创业人才培养的理论和实践的探索,希望能为高校创新创业人才培养提供借鉴。     

大学生创业的现实困境与突破路径

创新创业是我国的核心战略,打造推动创新创业高质量发展的"双创"升级版是2018年9月国务院提出的最新指示。通过对浙江省杭州市下沙高教园区7所高校350位大学生的调研发现,当前大学生创业主要呈现出"一高两低"现象,即有创业意愿的学生比率高、有创业意愿的学生到实施创业行为的转化率低、开展创业实践的大学生创业成功率低。创业机会缺失、创业资源缺乏、创业能力短缺是大学生创业质量不高的主要原因,高校应从教育理念、教学体系、支持服务体系等方面开展社会创业教育,以期实现高校创业教育高质量发展。     

高教大众化背景下创业教育模式的建构研究

在大众化教育背景下，高校必须创新教育理念，以培养“创新、创业、创优”的“三创”型人才为追求，将创业教育纳入常规教育体系中。坚持以市场为导向，以课程为基础，以载体为依托，以实践为支撑，整体推进人才培养模式的改革，以形成创业教育合力为诉求，推动政府完善创业帮扶制度和机制。     

校企合作培养大学生创新创业能力的探索——以青岛黄海学院“企业课堂”为例

青岛黄海学院开启校企合作模式,与企业共同创办企业课堂,通过企业教学资源、实践平台、实习就业结合等途径进行创新型人才培养,学生的创新创业能力得到提升,为毕业生就业提供了锻炼实践的机会,有助于培养学生的创新创业意识、提高创新创业能力,具有现实意义。本文以青岛黄海学院"企业课堂"为例,探讨校企合作模式提高大学生创新创业能力的途径。     

高校创新创业教育的路径探索——以山东理工大学计算机科学与技术学院为例

高校学生的创新创业精神直接反映了未来一段时期内国家的创新潜力和社会的创造活力。高校作为人才培养的重要阵地,应激励青年学生开启创业理想,点燃创业激情,提升创新创业精神。山东理工大学计算机科学与技术学院探索出以"社团导趣、以赛促练、项目驱动、专业提升"四位一体的创新创业教育体系,扎实推进实践育人,推动大学生创新创业活动制度化常态化。     

以创业孵化模式促进创业教育

以创业孵化模式开展创业教育是目前高校创业教育的一种创新模式,本文对目前高校创业孵化教育运行过程中所遇到的问题进行了分析,并提出创新孵化管理模式,加强创业技能的学习,来提高创业孵化的实效性。     

“实践育人共同体”视阈下大学生创新创业教育模式的探索与实践——以广东工业大学为例

当前,在"大众创业,万众创新"的浪潮下,高校不断探索创新创业的教育模式。"实践育人共同体"视阈下的大学生创新创业教育模式体系要求整合各方面资源,充分调动学校、政府、企业和社会的力量共同参与到构建大学生创新创业教育模式的全过程。本文以广东工业大学大学生创新创业教育模式为例,探究"实践育人共同体"下高校创新创业工作顺利开展的主要路径。     

大学生创业培养的对策研究

创业教育是新形势对高校教育的改革与发展提出的一个重要课题,其目的不仅是培养就业者,而且要培养更多的创业者,提高就业质量,提升高校的竞争力。因此,创新创业能力的培养应从大学生自身、学校、社会三位一体的角度出发,构建新型人才培养模式。本文对如何提高大学生创新意识、培养大学生创新精神、创业能力进行研究;从人才培养模式、教师队伍建设、实践条件建设和创新创业氛围的营造等几方面进行探索研究。构建基于培养创新精神和创业实践能力为重点的创新创业教育体系和创新创业管理与机制,是学校进一步深化教学改革,提高教学质量的关键点。     

“互联网+”视域下提高大学生创新创业能力的建议

"大众创业、万众创新"以及"互联网+"理念的提出,使大学生借助互联网平台开展创新创业成为了一种趋势。然而在发展趋势的演进过程中,注定机遇与挑战并存,大学生能否顺利抓住机遇,又是否能够积极应对挑战,是当前各高校创新创业教育研究的一个主题,也是广大创新创业教师研究的重要内容。本文通过以创新创业课堂教学教育为主渠道,提出了相应建议,希望能对大学生创新意识挖掘、创业能力提升、创新创业教育完善起到一定积极作用。     

"互联网+"时代创新创业教育路径探索 ——以赤峰市职业院校为例

本文结合"互联网+"背景下创新创业教育发展的趋势,分析赤峰市职业院校创新创业教育开展现状及存在的问题,从转变教育理念、搭建实践教学平台、加强师资队伍建设、完善创新创业教育支持体系等方面探索了"互联网+"时代赤峰市职业院校开展创新创业教育的思路.     

基于创业意愿影响因素的高校创业教育

创业意愿是大学生创业的内生动力,有效激发大学生的创业意愿是推动其创业行为的关键。对浙江省9所高校的调研发现,当前大学生创业意愿强烈;家人、朋友对大学生创业意愿的形成起着重要作用;实践经历、创新创业教育培训等因素对大学生创业意愿的提升具有积极作用。然而,也有部分大学生对创新创业存在着盲目乐观、知识经验储备不足、实践能力不强等问题。为增强高校创新创业教育的实效性,需高度重视创新创业教育课堂教学作用,全面打造创新创业教育实践体系,积极构建创新创业教育保障体系,大力开拓创新创业教育社会网络。     

Religious Orthodoxy and Entrepreneurial Risk-Taking

The relationship between entrepreneurship and religion is complex (Dana 2010 Dana, Leo Paul. 2010. “Entrepreneurship and Religion”. In ed, Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.  [Google Scholar]), and religion can help or hamper the entrepreneurial process, depending on the context and culture (Dana 2009 Dana, Leo and Paul. 2009. Religion as an Explanatory Variable for Entrepreneurship. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 10(2): 87–100. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar]; Dodd and Gotsis 2007 Dodd, Sarah Drakopoulou and George, Gotsis. 2007. The Interrelationships between Entrepreneurship and Religion. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 8(2): 93–104. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar]). This article examines religious orthodoxy and its connection to one aspect of the entrepreneurial process—risk-taking within existing organizations. Using multinomial logistic regression to analyze data from the 2010 Baylor Religion Survey, the researchers find that religious orthodoxy is negatively associated with entrepreneurial risk-taking, even after controlling for traditional variables associated with entrepreneurism. It supports the idea that beliefs—and not just adherence or behaviors—are important to understanding the connection between entrepreneurial processes and religion.     

大学生创业动机提升策略

一、自我决定理论 自我决定理论由Deci和Ryan于20世纪80年代提出。是动机理论的重要发展。该理论认为人类是积极的生物，具有自我实现、自我成长的潜能，每一个体都具有先天性的、内在的、建设性的发展自我的倾向，寻求自我的整合。这与人本主义理论认为的有机体的基本倾向之一就是实现、保持和增强经验的自我的思想一脉相承，但不同之处在于人本主义理论强调个体自身的作用，     

Temporary Help Firms as Entrepreneurial Actors

Competing explanations of growth in the temporary help supply (THS) industry stress its role in meeting the needs and desires of workers vs. those of employers. Until now, less attention has been paid the growth agenda of the THS industry itself. Yet evidence from a study of THS firms in Wisconsin suggests that their entrepreneurial efforts may be an important, overlooked factor driving the industry's expansion. This paper examines the growth and geographic dispersal of Wisconsin's THS firms through a theoretical framework of entrepreneurial action. Data from in-depth interviews with their owners and managers reveal strenuous efforts to create new markets for THS services. THS firms' highly proactive stance is reflected in their decisions about where to locate, efforts to become part of local social networks, and innovative approaches to product development and marketing. Previous studies have implied that THS firms opportunistically and reactively respond to changes in labor supply or demand factors. This study finds THS firms actively promoting their own growth, intervening in labor markets to forge a role for themselves as employment intermediaries and gatekeepers to permanent jobs.     

Explaining Entrepreneurial Behavior: Dispositional Personality Traits,Growth of Personal Entrepreneurial Resources,and Business Idea Generation

Applying a life‐span approach of human development and using the example of science‐based business idea generation, the authors used structural equation modeling to test a mediation model for predicting entrepreneurial behavior in a sample of German scientists (2 measurement occasions; Time 1, N= 488). It was found that recalled early entrepreneurial competence in adolescence predicted business idea generation. This link was mediated by entrepreneurial human and social capital. Moreover, an entrepreneurial Big Five profile was associated with early entrepreneurial competence and predicted entrepreneurial human and social capital. Results underscore the relevance of the long‐neglected developmental approach to entrepreneurship.     

大学生创业能力培养实践

一、问题的提出 虽然创业教育早在1989年联合国教科文组织在北京召开的“面向21世纪教育国际研讨会”上就已提出,并对我国传统的高等教育人才培养的方向和目标产生了一定的冲击,但是在当时特殊的经济体制以及大学生就业模式下,创业教育并未得到国家、高校、企业以及大学生这四个相关主体的充分重视。     

Using Activity Theory to Understand Entrepreneurial Opportunity

Entrepreneurship is often described as the ability to recognize and exploit opportunities. Identifying opportunities is intentional and idiosyncratic insofar as they are recognized as opportunities is a novel and conscious event (otherwise the entrepreneur would be doing nothing new). Yet opportunities also have to be recognized by others as ones that are worthy of being recognized and pursued; the opportunity is a socially embedded construct. Thus opportunity recognition and pursuit can be understood as the skillful integration of prevailing and emerging objects and relations of business activity typically articulated through collaborative enterprise. To expand on this view I use an activity theory perspective that shows how the potentially transformative character of entrepreneurial opportunities unfurls from within the historical and cultural reproduction of collective activities. I note, however, different emphases within current takes on activity theory, notably between subjective perspectives and open-design perspectives. In discussing these theoretical differences using existing entrepreneurial studies, as well as selected data from a study of 90 entrepreneurs in the United Kingdom, I suggest a possible reconciliation. I conclude by suggesting that where activity theory promotes a rich and nuanced understanding of the socially embedded nature of entrepreneurial opportunities, entrepreneurial studies can also contribute to a nuanced development of activity theory insofar as the entrepreneurial object of activity (opportunity recognition and its pursuit through creating a business) has what I identify as an aesthetic as well as pragmatic logic.     

浅谈高职院校的创业教育

重视和加强大学生的创业教育,培养创新型人才,是我国高等教育面临的一个重要课题。文章联系高职教育发展现状,简要分析了高职院校创业教育中存在的问题,指出了提高高职院校创业教育质量的途径和方法。