试谈《金瓶梅》的序、跋

1 《金瓶梅》的抄本在1596年 即已问世,它的问世,立即引起了 读者的强烈反响。到1617年,刻本《金瓶梅》得以面世。许多作家、评论家对它进行了评论,其中较著名的是对《金瓶梅》进行“专文”论述的六个序、跋。按时间先后顺序,它们分别是: (1)谢肇 的《金瓶梅·跋》 (2)欣欣子的《金瓶梅·序》 (3)廿公的《金瓶梅·跋》 (4)东吴弄珠客的《金瓶梅·序》 (5)谢颐的《金瓶梅·序》 (6)《满文译本金瓶梅·序》 对《金瓶梅》进行艺术评价,是这些《序》、《跋》的共同主题。 欣欣子《序》,对《金瓶梅》给予很高的评价。首先,它认为此书具有针对性。…     

《红楼梦》是《金瓶梅》之“反模仿”和“倒影”论

以《红楼梦》比较《金瓶梅》,是两部名著间历史与美学联系的探讨与厘清。《金瓶梅》固不必攀附《红楼梦》而自有其价值与地位,但对当下《金瓶梅》文学价值的认可及其社会地位的提高,有学术以外的现实意义。"反模仿"本质上也是一种模仿。《红楼梦》对《金瓶梅》的"反模仿",使其形象体系包括立意、结构、人物等"大处"和总体,"乃《金瓶梅》之倒影":《红楼梦》"谈情",是青春版的《金瓶梅》;《金瓶梅》"戒淫",是成人版的《红楼梦》;《红楼梦》"以情悟道",贾宝玉是迷途知返的西门庆;《金瓶梅》"以淫说法",西门庆是不知改悔的贾宝玉。其他林黛玉与潘金莲、薛宝钗与吴月娘、袭人与春梅等,皆具此等"倒影"关系。这种"反模仿"而成"倒影"关系的过程与机制,有似于生物工程上的"转基因技术",而《红楼梦》实可视为《金瓶梅》的"转基因产品"。在这个意义上,《红楼梦》"深得《金瓶》壸奥","《金瓶梅》是《红楼梦》的祖宗"。     

《天对》试译

[说明]我在《<天问>试译》(见《唐都学刊》1987年第三期)中,曾经大胆地将《天问》原诗的顺序作了某些调整。《天对》是柳宗元对《天问》的回答。因此,在试译《天对》前,亦将《天对》的顺序作了相应的调整。今按调整后的顺序译出,以请批评指正。     

来函照登

《浙江学刊》编辑部: 贵刊一九八三年第一期刊载的《从<杭州民国日报>到<浙江日报>》一文,内称:“《浙江日报》解放之前,是伪《东南日报》;而《东南日报》的前身,则为《杭州民国日报》。因此,若回顾《浙江日报》的历史,不能不从《杭州民国日报》谈起。”我们认为,将伪《东南日报》称之为《浙江日报》的前身,是不符合事实的,也是错误的。《浙江日报》创刊于一九四九年五月九日,是     

上博竹书《孔子诗论》与《诗三百》的经典化源流

自上博竹书《孔子诗论》从尘封的历史中现身以来,《诗三百》的经学化过程再一次受到关注,《孔子诗论》的出现为我们探寻《诗经》的经典化源流提供了有力的依据。春秋时代的礼崩乐坏推进了《诗三百》的普及,战国诸子的著作中引《诗》、证《诗》比比皆是,《孔子诗论》正是产生在这样的历史背景下;《孔子诗论》与先秦的用《诗》风气是密切相关的,而《毛诗序》与之是一脉相承的,所注重的都是《诗》的教化作用;《诗论》释《诗》与汉儒解《诗》的方式、内容、思想内涵又有很多差别,对《诗三百》走向经典《诗经》起到了重要的推动作用。     

《资本论》对城市哲学研究的方法论意义

立足时代问题,用马克思本人的方法重读马克思,用《资本论》本身的方法呈现《资本论》的当代价值,对推动马克思哲学与《资本论》走进当代、走进城市社会具有重要的方法论意义.紧扣时代主题,努力解答时代重大问题,是马克思哲学及《资本论》的根本方法论特质.城市化是当代社会发展的一个重大问题,城市哲学是社会发展理论研究的一个重要新领域.《资本论》对城市哲学研究具有重要的方法论意义:《资本论》处理概念与对象关系、概念史与社会史的策略,对城市哲学形成合理的概念与概念群具有方法论意义;《资本论》对时间与空间、历史性与空间性关系的处理,对城市哲学确认合理的历史观具有方法论意义;《资本论》对精英主体与世俗主体关系的处理,对城市哲学形成合理的主体性原则、价值立场具有重要意义;《资本论》处理不同理论、思想之间关系的策略,对城市哲学处理城市批评史与城市发展史的关系,探索面向生活和未来的城市智慧具有重要启发.     

《新唐书》、《全唐文》所载《对《论语》问》辨误

孔颖达的《对<论语>问》,是一篇精美的政论文,但宋代俞德邻认为,唐太宗误认曾子为孔子,而颖达竟不省,故责其告君欠谨。俞德邻的解读依据《新唐书》。根据《贞观政要》、《旧唐书》、《十三经注疏》、《全唐文》,《新唐书》所载《对<论语>问》错误有二:其一,张冠李戴;其二,文体不合。同时,《全唐文》等文献所载《对<论语>问》的几处异文值得商榷。     

马克思的《1844年经济学哲学手稿》与亚当·斯密

马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的主要内容之一,就是对资产阶级国民经济学的批判。这种批判,是马克思从1843年末到1844年8月对资产阶级国民经济学的研究过程的反映。同时也是这个研究过程的总结。马克思的《巴黎笔记》的前五本可以向我们说明,马克思是把让·巴·萨伊的《论政治经济学》及《实用政治经济学教程》和弗·斯卡尔培克的《社会财富的理论》作为他研究国民经济学的入门读物的。而对国民经济     

唐代渭水四赋赏析

据清代陈元龙撰修的《御定历代赋汇》收唐代文人4篇有关渭水的赋作,分别是自居易的《泛渭赋》、卫次公的《渭水贯都赋》、刘殉的《渭水象天河赋》、独孤授的《泾渭合流赋》。这四篇赋以不同的视角展示了唐代文人对这条河流的情感与非同寻常的认识。《泛渭赋》体现了青年时代的自居易极高的政治热情与有为追求;《渭水贯都赋》体现了人们祈盼盛世永驻的美好愿望;《渭水象天河赋》表现了人们对清明政治的渴望;《泾渭合流赋》则更多强调的是个人与他人的“和”、个人与群体的“和”、个人与社会的“和”,反对“独清”。     

从现代教学论观点看《学记》的教学思想

在对我国古代教育思想的珍贵遗产,产生于二千多年前的教育学专著《学记》的探讨方面,前辈学者已经为我们做了大量铺路和引路的工作。特别引人注目的是顾树森先生的《<学记>今译》,傅任敢先生的《<学记>译述》、沈灌群先生的《中国古代教育和教育思想》中第二章第五节《先进启蒙者“学记”作者底教育观》等专门论著。他们的工作不仅使我们能够在对《学记》的理解上少走弯路,而且在对《学记》的历史意义和现实意义的认识上,也为我们提供了一个很高     

Narrating Love and Abuse in Intimate Relationships

via email: heather.fraser{at}rmit.edu.au Summary In this article, I use discourse analysis to explore the relationshipbetween love and abuse. I argue that Anglo-American social workhas been reticent to theorize love; and that when it does, theborders separating love from abuse are usually assumed to berelatively stable and readily apparent. After nominating someof the reasons for and repercussions of dichotomizing love andabuse, I suggest that knowledge about intimate abuse will expandif more attention is given to the study of love. I promote theuse of feminist discourses because they provide valuable insightsabout the operations of power in love relationships. Drawingideas from both structural feminism and post-structural feminism,I encourage social workers to move their analytical attentionback and forth between the micro-politics of intimate relationshipsto the wider cultural contexts within which they are staged.I conclude with the assertion that social workers will be betterplaced to understand the dilemmas that many ‘ordinary’women confront in their everyday lives, if they critically analysethe intersections of love and abuse.     

Love or the Black Sun of Personal Relationships

Previous research about love, in the social‐psychological literature, has focused on the antecedents, or causes, of love. Moreover, within the field of Personal Relationships, love is often regarded as implicitly present, and thus, is not treated directly. Here, we address the possibility of a reversal of this perspective, where love is no longer treated as a dependent variable but as an independent variable. We show that this change is necessary to promote the status of love to that of a reliable object of scientific enquiry. We discuss the differences between scientific and naïve conceptions of love, and the necessity of distinguishingbetween an alleged reality of love and the consequences of the mere idea of love.     

A Theory of Love and Sexual Desire

The experience of being in love involves a longing for union with the other, where an important part of this longing is sexual desire. But what is the relation between being in love and sexual desire? To answer this it must first be seen that the expression ‘in love’ normally refers to a personal relationship. This is because to be ‘in love’ is to want to be loved back. This much would be predicted by equity and social exchange theories of interpersonal attraction. Findings suggest however that love differs fundamentally from liking and, consequently, distinct approaches to the theory of love have been developed. A phenomenological theory is then put forward which suggests that the experience of being in love involves a complex of desires for reciprocal vulnerability in order to care and be cared for. Sexual desire is then seen to involve the physical expression of these desires in the form of desires for mutual baring in order to caress and be caressed. Unlike love, however, sexual desire need not refer to the other person's desires. This is supported by the existence of sexual desires like fetishism. It is concluded that other desires which often appear in instances of being in love are not basic to the experience of being in love.     

Love and Personal Relationships: Navigating on the Border Between the Ideal and the Real

In the psychological literature, love is often seen as a construct inseparable from that of close, interpersonal relationships. As a result, it has been often assumed that the same motivational factors underlie both phenomena. This often leads researchers to propose that love does not exist in itself—that it is an emotion which stems solely from a need for attachment, fulfillment of reproductive aims, or for social exchange. The popular cultural imagination, however, perceives love as a unique, mysterious, altruistic, ever-lasting bond between two people—a vision of love which is at odds with its supposed psychological origins. We propose that an ideal of love and its enactment in our culture is a result of two intertwining factors. Within the last few centuries, interpersonal relationships and love have replaced religion as islands of existential comfort. Toward this end, lovers project illusory meaning on their partners. The laborious and turbulent process of withdrawing these projections can lead to what many thinkers think "love" is: bestowal of value on another, and consequent respect for, and care for that person, unmotivated by one's own needs, within the context of a real relationship.     

试论辛弃疾的爱情词

辛弃疾的爱情词创作不仅数量多 ,而且涉及的范围比较广。除了和妻子的爱情外 ,词人还存在着与侍妾的爱情。辛弃疾的爱情词抒写了作者对理想爱情的追求 ,对已逝爱情的追忆和对意中人的思念 ,情真意切     

泛爱情时代的真爱乌托邦--论真爱文本的生产与分裂

以怀旧青春电影、真人秀相亲节目和浪漫言情电视剧为主要内容的真爱文本的流行,是当下的重要文化现象之一。真爱文本建构了美好的爱情图景,但文本叙事的失效使其成为乌托邦幻象。大众文化所建构、呈现的欲望化、合理化社会倾向以及个性表征的表面化,改写了现代性所确立的真爱话语的内涵,其对于现实爱情经验的影响和重塑,是真爱文本进行乌托邦想象的动力。改写、置换现实语境是真爱乌托邦的内在话语策略,由此造成了虚幻的真爱想象对真实爱情体验的压抑和取代。     

Representation of Romantic Love in Children's Drawings: Age and Gender Differences

This study was designed to fill our current knowledge gap in children's representation of romantic love. To this end, we used a drawing task: 127 children ages 6 to 10 were asked to draw a person and a person in love. Performing content analysis, we identified seven graphic indicators used by children to depict romantic love in their drawings. As expected, results exhibited age and gender differences. First, older children used a higher number of graphic indicators than younger children. The use of each type of indicator (except for one) varied with age. Second, girls used a higher number of graphic indicators than boys. These gender differences were specific to three graphic indicators. Results are discussed in terms of children's developing representation of romantic love and of the potential impact of their socio‐cultural environment on this representation.     

The flavours of love: A cross‐cultural lexical analysis

Linguists have often remarked upon the polysemous nature of love, whereby the term encompasses a wide diversity of emotional relationships. Several typologies have been constructed to account for this diversity. However, these tend to be restricted in scope, and fail to fully represent the range of experiences signified by the term ‘love’ in discourse. In the interest of generating an expanded typology of love, encompassing its varied forms, an enquiry was conducted into relevant concepts found across the world's cultures, focusing on so‐called untranslatable words. Through a quasi‐systematic search of published and internet sources, 609 relevant words were identified. These were organised through a version of grounded theory into 14 categories, representing 14 different forms or ‘flavours’ of love. The result is an expanded theoretical treatment of love, allowing us to better appreciate the nuances of this most cherished and yet polysemous of concepts.     

Expressions of love, sex, and hurt in popular songs: a content analysis of all-time greatest hits

This research analyzed the 100 most popular songs (1958–1998) for artist characteristics and expression of love. In the 1990s women and black artists recorded more hits than in earlier periods. Over time, references to love in lyrics performed by women artists decreased. References to sex in lyrics peaked during 1976–1984 when women used sexual references five times more than men; however, during 1991–1998, men used more sexual references. Later songs and songs performed by white, female artists expressed greater selfishness. The quality of love expressed in lyrics remained the same. Results are discussed relative to cultural change.