共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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采用与实物期权理论中分析投资项目进入或退出策略相类似的方法,研究柔性产品组合的最优切换问题,假设两个产品组合可以永续生产、净利润流服从几何布朗运动、产品组合的切换存在成本及在产品组合切换的最优决策时只需考虑产品组合的相对获利能力,通过求解非线性方程组,用图示分析的方法研究了利润流的波动程度、切换成本及产品组合的关联度对产品组合最优切换的影响.与其它实物期权分析中的结论类似,分析表明净利润波动程度和切换成本的增大将提高触发产品组合最优切换所需的相对获利能力.还分析了产品组合的关联程度对最优切换的影响,发现关联程度的增大将减小触发产品组合最优切换所需的相对获利能力. 相似文献
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基于双向期权的供应链柔性契约模型 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对需求不确定性大、生产提前期长、销售季节短的产品的供应链合作问题,建立了基于双向期权的单期两级供应链数量柔性契约模型,研究得出了销售商最优初始订货量和期权购买量,而且与单向看涨期权契约相比,销售商的期权购买量减小,初始订货量增加,但总的预期订货量减小.供应商的最优产量需综合考虑产品的正常生产模式和快速生产模式的成本,以及销售商执行期权的预期.供应商的生产不确定受销售商执行期权的相关性影响,降低相关性可以降低生产风险.双向期权契约能够提高销售商的采购柔性、降低市场风险,但也减少了部分收益.供应商增加了部分风险,同时也获得收益补偿.最后.通过数值算例分析了论文中的研究结论. 相似文献
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分布式供应链节点企业物流能力柔性价值研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
节点企业物流能力柔性是影响分布式供应链能否快速响应客户的关键因素之一.首先对物流能力的研究进行回顾,分析分布式供应链中节点企业物流能力、特点和运作流程.界定了节点企业物流能力柔性及其价值,通过对物流能力投资过程的分析,在相关合理假设的基础上,分析物流能力投资环节中如何计算不确定性的投资收益,并最终建立基于多段随机规划和实物期权的物流能力柔性价值决策模型.模型中存在的需求的不确定性和决策点的可选择性使求解复杂,因而采用Latin超立方分层采样技术和蒙特卡洛模拟技术对模型进行求解,模型解决了传统财务方法忽视物流能力投资后无形价值计算的问题.最后用案例分析说明该模型在计算节点企业物流能力柔性价值上是有效的. 相似文献
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企业制造系统的柔性价值及其应用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文以制造系统柔性及其价值的博弈分析为基础,通过建立制造系统柔性价值和成本的目标函数,寻求企业制造系统的最佳柔性水平,进而将制造系统最佳柔性水平与其实际柔性水平进行比较,定量分析和确定制造系统柔性水平的影响因素,为企业制造系统的资源配置(投资)决策提供依据. 相似文献
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目前我国可转换债券的各种限制性条款具有明显的巴黎期权特征,其对可转换债券的定价以及最优执行策略的确定有着极大的影响.综合分析了可转债赎回条款的硬限制、软限制以及赎回公告期限制对可转换债券定价的影响,重点讨论了可转换债券赎回条款软限制中的巴黎期权特征,建立了路径依赖条件下可转换债券定价问题的控制方程,基于投资者与发行者双方博弈的结果给出了相应的边界条件,建议采用全网格模拟数值方法求得问题的解. 相似文献
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当投资者考虑是否要对一个R&D 项目进行投资的时候, 投资者不仅要考虑项目的技术
风险, 而且要考虑这个R&D 项目的期权性价值. 本文在对R&D 项目的期权性特征分析的基
础上, 引入由Mo rris, Teisberg and Ko lbe 建立的R&D 项目的期权性价值计算模型. 针对这个
模型在期权性价值计算应用中的不足之处, 笔者提出对R&D 项目的期权性价值分析应该遵
循循环分析和定量、定性分析相结合的观点. 相似文献
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R&D项目的期权性特征分析与期权性价值的估算 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
当投资者考虑是否要对一个R&D项目进行投资的时候,投资者不仅要考虑项目的技术风险,而且要考虑这个R&D项目的期权性价值.本文在对R&D项目的期权性特征分析的基础上,引入由Morris,Teisberg and Kolbe建立的R&D项目的期权性价值计算模型.针对这个模型在期权性价值计算应用中的不足之处,笔者提出对R&D项目的期权性价值分析应该遵循循环分析和定量、定性分析相结合的观点. 相似文献
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Mikko Ketokivi 《Production and Operations Management》2006,15(2):215-228
What determines which manufacturing flexibility strategies are feasible and which are not? In this paper, I build both theoretical and empirical understanding of task‐environmental contingencies that may either enable or constrain the selection of various flexibility strategies. The special emphasis is on the various plant‐level actions that are used to seek manufacturing flexibility. Demand uncertainty and variability, technology, and competitive strategy emerge as the most important contingencies, although not in ways that are immediately apparent. Finally, managerial implications at both the corporate as well as manufacturing unit levels are discussed. 相似文献
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存在退保时分红寿险定价的最小二乘蒙特卡罗模拟 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分红型人寿保险保单可以视作由三部分构成:固定收益债券、分红权和退保权.退保权的存在使保单具有美式期权的性质,给定价带来困难.本文用最小二乘蒙特卡罗模拟,建立了计算保单价值的模型,给出了模拟计算结果. 相似文献
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巴黎期权是由障碍期权发展起来的一种复杂的路径依赖期权,其允许期权持有者在标的资产价格满足在某个给定的价格水平(障碍价格)之上或者之下连续或累计停留预先设定的一段时间的条件下,以预先约定的价格(执行价格)买入或卖出某种标的资产。目前巴黎期权定价的主流数值方法有二叉树方法、有限差分法和蒙特卡罗方法。论文的研究结果表明,在给定的精度条件下,与标准蒙特卡罗方法相比,多层蒙特卡罗方法能够将运算成本从O(ε-3)减少到O(ε-2(logε)2);反之,在给定的计算成本条件下,相对于标准蒙特卡罗方法,多层蒙特卡罗方法能够更快地收敛到真值附近。本文将其应用于巴黎期权的定价计算中,增加了巴黎期权的数值算法选择范围,并提高了巴黎期权定价的精度。 相似文献
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This research develops the notion of environmental fit and flexibility and illustrates the importance of such fit empirically using survey data from 101 manufacturing firms. Two dimensions of environmental dynamism are identified and the fit between them and different approaches to flexibility are assessed. Hierarchical regressions provide evidence that flexibility is a stronger predictor of performance in more dynamic environments. Specifically, presence of the unpredictability or the volatility aspects of environmental dynamism each warrant the use of different types of manufacturing flexibility strategies. Statistical results are interpreted with the caveat that while implemented capability must be used to study performance effects, this study uses perceived importance scales for flexibility. 相似文献
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Ainhoa Urtasun-Alonso Martin Larraza-Kintana Carmen García-Olaverri Emilio Huerta-Arribas 《生产规划与管理》2013,24(4):303-317
This article analyses the connection between the use of advanced human resource management (HRM) practices, individually and as a system, with manufacturing flexibility. The results show a positive relationship between the implementation of advanced HRM practices and manufacturing flexibility. While most of the advanced HRM practices analysed show higher levels of implementation in flexible firms, no differences are observed in training efforts. Flexible firms are more prone to implement systems of advanced HRM practices. 相似文献
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As the field of decision sciences in general and operations management in particular has matured from theory building to theory testing over the past two decades, it has witnessed an explosion in empirical research. Much of this work is anchored in survey‐based methodologies in which data are collected from the field in the form of scale items that are then analyzed to measure latent unobservable constructs. It is important to assess the invariance of scales across groups in order to reach valid, scientifically sound conclusions. Because studies have often been conducted in the field of decision sciences with small sample sizes, it further exacerbates the problem of reaching incorrect conclusions. Generalizability theory can more effectively test for measurement equivalence in the presence of small sample sizes than the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tests that have been conventionally used for assessing measurement equivalency across groups. Consequently, we introduce and explain the generalizability theory (G‐theory) in this article to examine measurement equivalence of 24 manufacturing flexibility dimension scales that have been published in prior literature and also compare and contrast G‐theory with CFA. We show that all the manufacturing flexibility scales tested in this study were invariant across the three industry SIC groups from which data were collected. We strongly recommend that G‐theory should always be used for determining measurement equivalence in empirical survey‐based studies. In addition, because using G‐theory alone does not always reveal the complete picture, CFA techniques for establishing measurement equivalence should also be invoked when sample sizes are large enough to do so. Implications of G‐theory for practice and its future use in operations management and decision sciences research are also presented. 相似文献
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与传统调度模式不同,协同制造模式下企业之间的调度模式极其复杂。协同企业间的加工工序路线并不固定,且不同类型产品具有不同的加工路线网络。为此本文针对平衡型、瓶颈型、跳跃型、混合型四类具有典型特点的协同制造网络Gp进行分析和设计;考虑制造企业同类产品合并加工策略,构建基于连续加工量的分段生产成本函数;通过设计合理的订单最早交货时间和最晚交货时间,对订单交货进行时间窗口约束,并在此基础上构建了由制造商生产成本Wcm、订单等待Wsk(Qk, T'k)和提前完工库存成本Wsk(Qk, T″k)、延期惩罚成本构成Wlk(Qk, T'″k)的目标函数。为求解该模型,创新性将蒙特卡洛思想引入蚁群算法,提高蚂蚁选择合理性,避免局部最优;同时,采用移动窗口[min, max]奖励机制,并且对信息素奖励乘以平衡系数k(N)提高奖励可信度,加快搜索速度并提高求解性能。仿真结果表明,本文构建调度模型合理,可以获得优化的调度结果;同时,本文提出的蚁群改进寻优算法具有良好的求解速度和收敛性,算法具有较好的稳定性。 相似文献