河池地区瑶族学术研讨会综述

以探讨布努瑶历史文化与发展问题为中心议题的河池地区瑶族学术研讨会于2001年3月27日至28日在广西宜州市举行。来自广西壮族自治区直属科研机构和河池地区的有关领导和专家学者共57人参加会议。会议收到论文51篇，内容涉及布努瑶的起源、分布、迁徙路线、进入河池地区的时间、重大历史事件和历史人物、民族关系、土司制度、语言文字、文学艺术、风俗习惯、宗教信仰等。 布努瑶是瑶族的一个重要支系，过去由于种种原因研究不够，人们对他的了解也不多。这次研讨会主要有以下几方面的收获。 1.对布努瑶来源进行了广泛的探讨。提交的论文有《…     

瑶族风情拾萃

九嶷山瑶族,属盘瑶支系,俗称“过山瑶”。是宁远县一个古老的土著民族。其先民自隋唐已迁徙入境,依险山狭谷而居,凭刀耕火种而食。有“锄头扛神龛,到处是家乡”的游耕生活历史。由于地理环境特殊,练就了勇敢顽强、艰苦朴实的性格。在生产、生活、道德、信仰、节日盛会以及处世为人等方面,沿袭着山地民族的独特习俗。九嶷山瑶族的生活习俗,充满山的气息。他们注重名声,讲究品德。素有“宁可掉脑壳,不可损名声”的格言,还有“饿死不讨饭,冻死不做贼”的品行,“日不上锁、夜不闭户”、“老有所敬、幼有所抚,一人有事众相帮”。这些,在瑶族社会中早已蔚然成风。瑶家热情好客,久负盛名。他们喜交四方朋友,凡宾客临门,不论生熟,只要将雨伞、提包挂在主人堂屋板壁上,就会受到热情接待:用最好吃的腊味、山珍来     

瑶族向海外迁徙的原因、过程、方向和路线--海外瑶族研究论文之一

瑶族自发向海外迁徙,约起于明中叶,明末清初加快了速度.迁徙的路线大体是由广东进入广西、云南后再迁入东南亚.20世纪七八十年代,东南亚由于战乱,不少瑶人以难民身份迁入欧美各国.瑶族向海外迁徙的原因,大体有人口压力、生计使然,因征调、天灾人祸等而迁徙.瑶族的迁徙是群体行为,事先有过商议,有人先去探寻地点,认为条件可以,才写信歌回原居地动员迁徙.     

瑶族社会分期新探

(一) 瑶族人口213万人,是中华民族重要成员之一。 长期以来,瑶族民间流传着:“先有理,后有朝”或“先立瑶,后立朝”的谚语,揭示国家未形成之前,这个民族群体胚胎已经产生,历史相当悠久。 瑶族称谓众多,支系复杂。根据史书记载和民间常用称谓,自称有91种,他称419种。民族群体形成,以自称“尤棉”或“荆门”即他称之盘瑶为主体,结合其他支系,构成一个复杂的、奇异的民族统一整体。     

云南瑶族丧葬礼仪述略

云南瑶族主要居住在文山壮族、苗族自治州,分为板瑶、靛瑶、山瑶三个支系。由于各支系所处的地理环境、历史条件不同,政治、经济、文化存在着差别,因而表现在丧葬礼仪也各具特点,不尽相同。本文试以调查所得作一综述,就正于博雅君子。在一般情况下,老年人凡属正常死亡,都要履行呜枪、停尸、沐浴、验尸、入廓等手续在请巫师进行“法事”超度灵魂后,破土安葬。老人一“落气”,丧家立即呜枪三声以报丧,这是瑶族的古传规矩;亲友、寨邻一听到报丧枪声,不约而同前往奔丧,帮助主家料理后事。这是云南瑶族三支系都相同的。但是,在具体的礼仪上又不尽相同。     

绚丽的瑶族服饰文化

盘阳河流域是桂西北瑶族主要聚居地之一,四个支系的瑶族在服饰上有着各自鲜明的特点,形成了独特的民族服饰文化,是我国民族服饰文化的宝贵遗产。盘阳河是红水河的一条支流,起源于广西桂西北部,由西到东贯穿整个巴马瑶族自治县县境,最后注入红水河,全长142.8公里。它是一条举世闻名的长     

越南瑶族的风俗

一、生儿育女以前瑶族人接生都在家中自己料理。除了靠一些祖传的野药、树根外,他们常祭奉祖先和神灵以祈求分娩和养育的顺利。瑶族有不同的支系,对怀孕的妇女(有时甚至对其家庭、丈夫)也有不同的禁忌,认为这     

瑶族《评皇券牒》浅析

<正> 《评皇券牒》是瑶族中保存的一种汉文文书,它比较详细地记录了瑶族的形成、迁徙、姓氏和社会发展过程,在某种意义上说,是一部瑶族历史、文化的百科全书。本文主要根据《评皇券牒》记载,对瑶族的图腾崇拜、民族形成、姓氏、迁徙等问题作一些探讨。     

瑶族居所的历史叙事意象分析——以贺州瑶族为例

居所作为凝固的历史,就是一个历史叙事意象;贺州瑶族分布广泛,居地差异大,居所可以多层面地表征历史叙事;作为一个迁徙不定的民族,瑶族居所不仅体现出迁徙意象,而且还体现了逃生意象,它真实地展现了该族曾经的历史;也正因为如此,瑶族渴望人口的增长,于是在居所建造中赋予其以生殖意象.     

景颇族的姓氏和名字

景颇族共分为五个支系,即景颇支系(又名大山支系)、载佤支系(又名小山支系)、勒期支系(又名茶山支系)、浪速支系(又名勒浪支系)、博洛支系(又名博拉支系)。这五个支系中的姓氏和名字基本上分为两种类型。其中景颇支系和载佤支系属于同一类型,即有若干姓氏,有固定排行的名字。浪速、勒期、博洛三个支系属于另一类型,即实行父子连名制。     

Migration,masculinity, and family

Previous studies of migration, family, and gender have shown that migration is not only an event that changes family life, the change itself is a gendered process. How migrant women develop strategies to cope with challenges posed by either their own migration or their husbands’ migration has been widely studied. However, how migrant men adjust and change their care practices and domestic roles to accommodate challenges brought about by migration to their family lives has not been as extensively explored. Using interview data gathered from male rural-to-urban migrant workers in South China, this paper fills this gap by studying male migrants’ agency and masculinity through the concept of masculine compromise. Masculine compromise delineates how migrant men strive to respond to changing family circumstances triggered by migration while maintaining the gender boundaries that underpin their dominance within the family. As a concept, masculine compromise underscores the material impact of migration on gender practices and family life; and the limited effect it has on gender attitudes and identity. Masculine compromise provides a feminist lens to analyse the complex effect of migration on changing masculinity and gender relationships within the family.     

Islam,Moderation, Radicalism,and Justly Balanced Communities

If media outlets and political rhetoric are to be believed, then the way to counter “radical” Islam is through “moderate” Islam. Seemingly, “moderate” Islam is that which “radical” Islam is not. In appointing “moderate” Islam as an antidote to “radical” Islam, the implication is that, conceptually at least, the two terms are contradistinctive. Yet, while much is, perceivably, known about “radical” Islam, with its associated ills of an unequivocal Islamic worldview, very little attention has been afforded to this signifier, “moderate”. Inasmuch as this term is bandied around, even scholars of Islam will acknowledge that, within Islamic education, understandings of and debates on conceptions of moderation, and moderate Muslim communities, have been somewhat overlooked. What, therefore, is a “moderate” Islam? What is a “moderate” Muslim community and how would it act? What are the implications for a “moderate” community in relation to pluralist societies? And, can such a “moderate” community offer a practical response not only to “radical” Islam, but, perhaps, more importantly, to increasingly antagonistic, liberal contexts?     

Race, Genetic Ancestry, and Health

Knowledge from human genetic research continuously challenges the notion that race and biology are inextricably linked, with implications across biomedical and public health disciplines. However, biomedical research continues to explore health and disease under a racial framework ignoring and at times confounding the identification of true biological and/or environmental risk factors. Within this article, we present a brief overview of the use of race in biomedical research and studies of human genome variation and how genetic ancestry may help us understand health disparities. We believe that the casual use of “race” to define groups in biomedical research has contributed to our limited understanding of complex disease etiology and risk factors driving health disparities.     

Colorful Reflections: Skin Tone,Reflected Race,and Perceived Discrimination among Blacks,Latinxs, and Whites

Race and Social Problems - How do Black, Latinx, and White people who believe they are mistaken as a member of another racial group perceive the amount of racial discrimination they experience, and...     

Enoch Powell,empires, immigrants and education

2018 marks the 50th anniversary of Enoch Powell’s infamous ‘Rivers of Blood’ speech, an intervention that is still viewed as one of the most incendiary statements of the perceived decay and violence likely to follow legislation intended to assure minoritised British citizens of equal rights regardless of their ethnic origin. In this essay, Sally Tomlinson (one of Britain’s foremost multicultural theorists) reflects on Powell’s legacy and the contemporary scene where in the US, UK and across Europe, White resentment and fear is increasingly shaping ‘mainstream’ debates about nationhood, migration and education.     

The Socioeconomic Attainments of Non-immigrant Cambodian, Filipino, Hmong, Laotian, Thai, and Vietnamese Americans

Using recent American Community Survey data, this study investigates socioeconomic attainments of six ethnic groups of Southeast Asian Americans. Findings show that the educational attainment of Filipinos, Vietnamese, and Thai is higher than that of whites, while the educational attainment of Cambodians, Hmong, and Laotians is lower than that of whites. Regarding earnings, Southeast Asian American women are generally not disadvantaged relative to white women, but Southeast Asian American men tend to have lower earnings than white men after controlling for education and other demographic factors such as age, metropolitan residence, and region. We conclude that Cambodians, Hmong, and Laotians are the most disadvantaged groups among Southeast Asian Americans and that most Southeast Asian American male groups tend to be at least slightly disadvantaged in the labor market at least after controlling for metropolitan residence and region.     

神圣世俗社会--兼谈马林诺夫斯基的巫术科学宗教与神话观

宗教问题是一个热门话题,但对宗教的产生及其与巫术等等的关系研究尚处于起步阶段.笔者通过对马林诺夫斯基的<巫术科学宗教与神话>的学习,结合著名学者的观点,拟对以往宗教学说中关于自然与超自然的论述及其仪式、功能,在社会发展中的作用及其与巫术间的区别,作一肤浅的探索.     

近同戈尔斯坦、查隆和比尔商榷

在戈尔斯坦、查隆和比尔最近发表的论文--<高海拔地区缺氧、文化和人类生育力或生殖能力的比较研究>(<美国人类学家>85:28-49,1983)中,作者试图说明,在喜马拉雅山脉以及阿尔卑斯山脉这样的高海拔地区,缺氧不会抑制人类的生殖能力.     

仪式、展演与异己关系论

比较两个属于不同自然与文化生态的族群--临海而居的冲绳八重山区域之竹富岛民,以及居住于山区的台湾赛夏族,藉由分析其最重要的年中祭仪之过程--前者的种取祭以及后者之矮人祭,探讨仪式中展演活动的内涵如何显明这两个群体之内部与对外之异/己关系.