人民币国际化与经常账户失衡互动效应研究

采用带有随机波动的时变参数向量自回归(TVP-VAR)模型,研究2009年跨境贸易人民币结算试点以来,人民币国际化与经常账户失衡的双向互动影响。结果表明：1)人民币计价份额、进口结算份额的提升会降低经常账户顺差,而人民币出口结算份额上升将扩大经常账户顺差,整体上人民币计价职能的影响大于结算职能的综合影响;反过来,经常账户顺差扩大抑制人民币进出口结算和计价份额的提升,即不利于人民币国际化;2)人民币国际化与经常账户失衡之间的双向影响存在较强的时变特征;3)经常账户失衡与人民币不同货币职能之间的影响趋势及强度存在明显差异。因此,在人民币国际化进程中,经常账户由“顺”转“逆”或“顺逆交替”将成为常态,未来经常账户逆差与资本金融账户顺差模式可能成为人民币深度国际化后的货币循环模式。     

不确定性规避、工作负担与领导授权行为:控制愿望与管理层级的调节作用

本研究通过问卷调查的方法,探讨了不确定性规避价值观及工作负担对领导授权行为的影响.在此基础上,本研究还进一步探讨了控制愿望与管理层级的调节作用.统计分析的结果表明:(1)不确定性规避与领导授权行为显著负相关,工作负担与领导授权行为显著正相关.(2)控制愿望显著调节不确定性规避对领导授权行为的影响.(3)职位层级分别调节不确定性规避、工作负担与领导授权行为的关系.     

显性比较优势、产业内贸易与中美双边贸易平衡

本文有如下创新和结论:(1)细化行业分类到SITC4分位数据,改进RCA指数测算方法,揭示出中国对美工业制造品出口具有显著比较优势的商品组,排序为:杂项制品66类、原料制品51类、机械与运输设备36类。(2)将产业内贸易调整指数方法运用到中美产业内贸易研究,证实中美工业制造品静态产业内贸易平衡状况较差,大多数商品组趋向产业间贸易,少数商品组表现为垂直产业内贸易。(3)GL指数和Cj指数无法反映产业内贸易失衡程度和方向,本文提出产业内贸易失衡指数,揭示出加重中美工业制造品贸易失衡和对贸易失衡起到平衡作用的商品组。(4)认为Thorpe和Zhang(2005)给出的动态产业内贸易指数分子中分类集合加总会造成扭曲,本文改进了该动态指数,并证实中美工业制造品动态产业内贸易失衡状况比静态产业内贸易失衡状况更差,中美贸易逆差难以改变。     

中美制造企业敏捷性改进的比较研究

本文首先基于敏捷制造的制造绩效和使能技术,构造了敏捷制造理论模型.然后,依据该模型和国际制造战略调查(IMSS)数据,采用因子分析和方差分析,对中国和美国制造企业近三年的敏捷性改进进行了对比.最后,本文采用方差分析和回归分析方法,从使能技术应用的角度对造成两国制造企业敏捷性改进差异的原因进行了深入的分析.     

经济政策不确定性与企业短债长用

本文阐明了经济政策不确定性(EPU)通过银行信贷配给影响企业短债长用的理论机制,并利用中国EPU指数和上市公司数据进行了实证检验。结果发现,EPU上升提高了企业的短债长用水平;进一步研究发现,在风险承担能力较强和长期融资能力较弱的企业中,EPU上升对其短债长用具有更为显著的影响;经济政策不确定下的短债长用对企业绩效影响不明显,但会增加企业的破产风险。上述结果有助于解释包括中国在内的转型国家的“债务期限结构”之谜,也提示政府有关部门关注当前经济政策不确定下的企业短债长用现象,拓宽企业长期融资渠道,防范金融风险。     

基于多元回归的中美高技术产品贸易研究

美国长期以来都是中国高技术产品贸易的重要合作伙伴,对中国贸易和相关产业的发展有着举足轻重的作用。本文首先对中美高技术产品贸易现状进行分析,明确中美高技术贸易所具有的贸易规模不断扩大、贸易构成不平衡和我国贸易竞争力薄弱的特点;再通过对中美高技术产品贸易影响因素的分析,从技术创新角度找到影响高技术产品贸易的主要因素;最后为促进两国贸易发展提出建议。     

我国经常项目顺差的平稳性与可维持性实证研究

本文基于1981-2006年的年度数据,对我国经常项目顺差的平稳性和长期可维持性进行实证分析.通过运用ADF单位根检验、Granger因果关系检验、E-G两步法协整检验,构建了进出口的协整模型和误差修正模型.经研究发现:(1)我国经常项目顺差是平稳的,出口和进口是一阶单整序列;(2)我国出口和进口是协整的,存在长期均衡关系,经常项目顺差在长期内是可维持的;(3)我国进出口存在自我修正的短期动态机制,使得经常项目在面临外部冲击时,能够逐步恢复到长期均衡水平,从而保持平稳的、可维持的状态.     

高新技术企业联盟导向、创业导向与企业绩效关系的实证研究

基于我国195家高新技术企业的问卷调查数据,实证分析了联盟导向和创业导向对企业绩效的影响,以及创业导向和环境动态性在联盟导向与企业绩效关系间的调节作用。研究结果表明:联盟导向和创业导向对企业绩效具有显著的正向影响;创业导向和市场动态性在联盟导向与企业绩效关系中起到正向调节作用;技术动态性在联盟导向与企业绩效的关系中起到负向调节作用。     

"市场-政策"双重导向对农业企业绩效的影响机制研究——以泛长三角地区农业龙头企业为例

经济转型时期,市场机制与政策机制呈现出共存性与互补性特征.本文以泛长三角地区农业龙头企业为样本,通过构建以动态能力为中介变量的理论模型,实证检验了市场导向、政策导向与农业企业绩效的关系.结果显示,(1)市场导向与企业绩效有显著正相关关系,这种关系可以是直接的也可以是间接的,政策导向与企业绩效有显著的直接正相关关系;(2)动态能力在市场导向与企业绩效关系之间起着部分中介作用,但在政策导向与企业绩效之间的中介作用不显著;(3)市场导向与政策导向对农业企业绩效的影响具有结构差异性,市场导向程度高的企业长期绩效较好,政策导向程度高的企业短期绩效较好,具备双重导向的企业长短期绩效均较好.     

Flu,Risks, and Videotape: Escalating Fear and Avoidance

While extensive risk perception research has focused on emotions, cognitions, and behavior at static points in time, less attention has been paid to how these variables might change over time. This study assesses how negative affect, threat beliefs, perceived risk, and intended avoidance behavior change over the course of an escalating biological disaster. A scenario simulation methodology was used that presents respondents with a video simulation of a 15‐day series of local news reports to immerse respondents in the developing details of the disaster. Systemic manipulation of the virus's causal origin (terrorist attack, medical lab accident, unknown) and the respondent's proximity to the virus (local vs. opposite coast) allowed us to investigate the dynamics of public response. The unfolding scenario was presented in discrete episodes, allowing responses to be tracked over the episodes. The sample includes 600 respondents equally split by sex and by location, with half in the Washington, DC area, and half in the Los Angeles area. The results showed respondents’ reactions to the flu epidemic increased as the disaster escalated. More importantly, there was considerable consistency across respondents’ emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to the epidemic over the episodes. In addition, the reactions of respondents proximally closer to the epidemic increased more rapidly and with greater intensity than their distant counterparts. Finally, as the flu epidemic escalated, both terrorist and accidental flu releases were perceived as being less risky and were less likely to lead to avoidance behavior compared to the unknown flu release.     

市场导向与企业高层管理人员之间的灰色关联度分析

市场导向是市场营销在企业的实施情况,市场导向与高层管理人员之间的灰色关联度分析揭示了市场导向与企业高层管理人员协调能力、冒险精神、言行、教育程度以及对待变革的态度之间的灰色关联性.     

Uncertainty Reduction Approaches,Uncertainty Coping Approaches,and Process Performance in Financial Services

Developing a better understanding of the impact of uncertainty on process performance has been recognized as an important research opportunity in service design ( Hill, et al., 2002 ). Within this general research stream, our study focuses on the question of what managers can do to most effectively address operational uncertainty and mitigate its negative effects. To begin to address this question, we report on an exploratory study using a sample of professionals in the financial‐services industry who acted as informants on 108 financial‐services processes. These professionals were sampled from a population of graduates of a university in the northeastern region of the United States who were employed in the financial‐services industry. Based on these processes, we empirically examine the relationship between responses to operational uncertainty and process performance after controlling for customer mix, other uncertainty sources, and process type characteristics. Our findings suggest that process improvement—an uncertainty reduction approach related to the internal functioning of the process—as well as several uncertainty coping approaches are associated with better performing processes. However, uncertainty reduction approaches related to customer involvement with, and demands on, the process are not associated with better performing processes. We discuss the implications of our findings for determining what actions managers can take to reduce the negative performance effects of operational uncertainty and how managers can decide which of these actions to take. We conclude with a discussion of the limitations of our study.