商业银行与中央银行的信息博弈研究

在制度转轨时期,由于信息的不对称导致商业银行与中央银行博弈的结果是降低监管效率,增大监管成本和损失社会福利。解决问题的关键在于尽快建立我国商业银行的信息披露机制,而信息披露机制建立的原则应是使进行非均衡交易行为的银行参与者所受到的预期惩罚要大于其预期收益。     

组织文化、知识转移与新服务开发绩效:城市商业银行案例

本文是城市商业银行新服务开发的一项比较案例研究。新服务开发活动中,组织文化会影响组织内员工知识转移行为,而员工知识转移行为会影响新服务开发绩效。本文确认了地域性中小金融服务企业情境下它们之间的因果关系,并得到其具体影响方式,构建了一个三者之间相互作用的综合模型。     

War as Rent-Seeking: A Public Choice Perspective on the Pacific War

Historical literature on the causes of the Pacific War generally focuses on either international relationships between the great powers in the interwar period or on the role of domestic interest groups in Japan, especially the Imperial Army and Navy. An alternative to these predominantly narrative approaches is to consider Japanese imperialism as explained by the public choice concept of rent seeking. Seeing both imperial expansions through armed conquest and domestic interest group rivalry as forms of rent-seeking behavior can provide a unifying perspective for understanding the Pacific War.

中部地区人才引进政策设计研究

以中国加入WTO为背景,将中部6省作为研究对象,通过构造均匀实验设计方案,运用DPS系统全面探查了地域、单位性质、住房补贴、安家费、年薪、职务或职称待遇、科研(或项目)启动费、配偶安排、子女安排和合同期限10个因素对人才的吸引力,并在比较不同样本结果的基础上确定了中部地区人才引进政策的优化组合方式.     

Evaluating Lightning-Caused Fire Occurrence Using Spatial Generalized Additive Models: A Case Study in Central Spain

It is widely accepted that the relationship between lightning wildfire occurrence and its influencing factors vary depending on the spatial scale of analysis, making the development of models at the regional scale advisable. In this study, we analyze the effects of different biophysical variables and lightning characteristics on lightning-caused forest wildfires in Castilla y León region (Central Spain). The presence/absence of at least one lightning-caused fire in any 4 × 4-km grid cell was used as a dependent variable and vegetation type and structure, terrain, climate, and lightning characteristics were used as possible covariates. Five prediction methods were compared: a generalized linear model (GLM), a random forest model (RFM), a generalized additive model (GAM), a GAM that includes a spatial trend function (GAMs) and a spatial autoregressive model (AUREG). A GAMs with just one covariate, apart from longitude and latitude for each observation included as a combined effect, was considered the most appropriate model in terms of both predictive ability and simplicity. According to our results, the probability of a forest being affected by a lightning-caused fire is positively and nonlinearly associated with the percentage of coniferous woodlands in the landscape, suggesting that occurrence is more closely associated with vegetation type than with topography, climate, or lightning characteristics. The selected GAMs is intended to inform the Regional Government of Castilla y León (the fire and fuel agency in the region) regarding identification of areas at greatest risk so it can design long-term forest fuel and fire management strategies.     

Nanshin: Budget-Maximizing Behavior,the Imperial Japanese Navy and the Origins of the Pacific War

Inter-service rivalry over budget allocations between the Japanese Imperial Navy and the Imperial Army played a crucial role in the genesis of World War Two in the Pacific. The adoption of a nanshin (southward advance) strategy by the Navy may be explained as an attempt to maximize its budget leading directly to the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. To date, this argument has been presented in the form of historical narrative without any explanatory theoretical framework. The present paper seeks to place inter-service budgetary rivalry within the context of public choice theory to enhance understanding of this historical perspective.     

Flood Footprint Assessment: A Multiregional Case of 2009 Central European Floods

Hydrometeorological phenomena have increased in intensity and frequency in last decades, with Europe as one of the most affected areas. This accounts for considerable economic losses in the region. Regional adaptation strategies for costs minimization require a comprehensive assessment of the disasters’ economic impacts at a multiple-region scale. This article adapts the flood footprint method for multiple-region assessment of total economic impact and applies it to the 2009 Central European Floods event. The flood footprint is an impact accounting framework based on the input–output methodology to economically assess the physical damage (direct) and production shortfalls (indirect) within a region and wider economic networks, caused by a climate disaster. Here, the model is extended through the capital matrix, to enable diverse recovery strategies. According to the results, indirect losses represent a considerable proportion of the total costs of a natural disaster, and most of them occur in nonhighly directly impacted industries. For the 2009 Central European Floods, the indirect losses represent 65% out of total, and 70% of it comes from four industries: business services, manufacture general, construction, and commerce. Additionally, results show that more industrialized economies would suffer more indirect losses than less-industrialized ones, in spite of being less vulnerable to direct shocks. This may link to their specific economic structures of high capital-intensity and strong interindustrial linkages.     

EDB: A Case Study in Communicating Risk

This is a report on the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) efforts to communicate with the public about the risks of ethylene dibromide (EDB), what the agency said it was doing about these risks and what information the public actually received through television and newspapers. Although special in many ways, the EDB case illustrates the problems that regulatory agencies have when they must take regulatory action and assure the public that the risks in question are being dealt with adequately. It also illustrates issues that the press faces. Above all, it illustrates the barriers to communication presented by the different perspectives of regulatory agencies and individuals and the types of information they each are most interested in.     

银行集团现金池实现模式研究

本文首先介绍了银行集团现金池的概念及其在集团公司资金管理中的重要作用,然后按其构成账户的虚实属性差异,将集团现金池划分为资金划拨型、集团账户型、名义型3类,分别研究了各类现金池的实现模式、特点和常见问题,最后对各类现金池的优缺点进行分析,对集团公司如何选择现金池产品提出了建议.     

Nostalgia and the Narrativization of Identity: A Turkish Case Study

This paper offers an interpretation of the collective identity‐narrative of a Turkish faculty of vocational education. Particular attention is focused on the importance of nostalgia in acts of collective self‐authorship. Nostalgia, it is argued, is key to the understanding of the dynamics of individual and organizational identity‐construction in several ways: it can be a means of maintaining a collective sense of socio‐historic continuity, a source of resistance to hegemonic influence and a defence against anxiety. The research contribution of this paper is threefold. First, it illustrates how groups assemble shared storylines that subjectively constitute their collective identity. Second, it analyses the different ways in which acts of collective nostalgia can inform the stories by which individuals and groups understand their present circumstances, preserve self‐esteem, and react to perceived threats. Third, it theorises nostalgia as giving access to a shared heritage of apparently authentic and identity‐relevant values and beliefs, as an emotional support during periods of organizational change, and as a form of uniqueness claim central to processes of individual‐organization identification.     

案例分析：毕马威公司20世纪90年代的战略转变

在叙述世界著名会计师事务所毕马威公司(KPMG)在1992年至2001年进行的一场深层次的、具有根本性的战略转变的基础上,以战略管理者如何推动企业战略转变为主要视角,深入分析该公司战略转变的提出、设计和推进的全过程;揭示了该公司全球董事长科林.沙曼在推动公司战略转变中所表现出来的独特的洞察力,在策划战略转变中所表现出来的严密的一致性,以及在领导战略转变过程中所表现出来的高超的艺术性。     

The Challenge of Coordination in Central Government Organizations: The Norwegian Case

This paper addresses coordination problems in central government by focusing on the Norwegian case. The main research questions are: What are the experiences of civil servants concerning horizontal and vertical coordination, and internal and external coordination? What is the relative importance of structural, demographic and cultural variables for explaining variations in civil servants’ perception of coordination? The data base is a questionnaire to civil servants in ministries and central agencies in 2006. The main findings are that there are more problems with horizontal coordination than with vertical coordination; that coordination problems are bigger in central agencies than in ministries; and that a low level of mutual trust tends to aggravate coordination problems.     

案例研究方法严谨性测度研究

针对国内案例方法理论研究和实践现状,提出案例研究方法严谨性问题。在引介国外前沿案例研究严谨性方法论的基础上,结合自己的学习型理解和案例研究实践,通过纳入国内案例研究的情境因素,加以消化吸收,以案例研究方法的效度和信度关切为聚焦,初步厘清了案例研究方法严谨性的内涵和指标体系,构建出具有实际操作性的严谨性测度框架,丰富并提高了国内案例研究严谨性方法论,并且选取名刊名家最新案例研究型论文进行实证测度,发现了案例研究方法严谨性领域的国内外较大差距,指明了我们未来的努力方向。     

A Joint Stakeholder Learning Process in Participatory Environmental Ethics: A Case Study

There is a growing need to study the dynamic interdependence between business and society as a reciprocal relationship which ought to be supported and not constrained by refocusing on ethical values. Instead of describing how economic institutions impact society, the new view attempts to analyze how stakeholders‘ views and concerns affect business corporations‘ strategy assessment and formation processes. These processes can be enhanced by a renewed awareness of the moral issues at stake. The case describes the Norwegian aluminium industry‘s collective effort to gain not only deeper scientific insight into their impact on the environment but also increase their understanding of their stakeholders‘ concerns. As the analysis shows the process was definitely strengthened through what the author calls the principle of participative dialogue with stakeholders. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Using Weight of Evidence Characterization and Modeling to Investigate the Cause of the Changes in Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasi) Population Dynamics in Puget Sound and at Cherry Point,Washington

The decline of the Cherry Point Pacific herring stock (CPPHS) has been a puzzle of the upper Puget Sound. In this study, age‐structured population modeling was used to examine the timing and scale of the dynamics of Pacific herring stocks throughout the Puget Sound region. The intrinsic rate of increase and equilibrium age structure was calculated and forecast models were created for the stocks found in Puget Sound. We demonstrate that the causative agent for the decline of the CPPHS and the collapse in age structure existed in the 1974–1975 timeframe. Similarly, Puget Sound Pacific herring stocks at Squaxin Pass, Discovery Bay, and Port Gamble also demonstrate a collapse in age structure as seen in CPPHS during that same period. The data from the mid 1980s to 2006 demonstrate that all stocks share the collapse in age structure. The conclusion is that the causative agent had to affect these stocks at a scale corresponding to the Puget Sound; the effect has lasted over a 30‐year period, and was essentially simultaneous across the region. Forecast modeling of the stocks indicates that given current conditions none of the stocks are likely to show an increase in population size. The results were used to examine the likelihood that the Eastern Pacific decadal oscillation, disease, and persistent organic pollutants are singularly or in concert the causative agents. A research program is suggested to determine the cause(s).     

Adapting to Climate: A Case Study on Riverine Flood Risks in the Netherlands

Climate change may well lead to an increased risk of river floods in the Netherlands. However, the impacts of changes in water management on river floods are larger, either enhancing or reducing flood risks. Therefore, the abilities of water-management authorities to learn that climate and river flows are changing, and to recognize and act upon the implications, are of crucial importance. At the same time, water-management authorities respond to other trends, such as the democratization of decision making, which alter their ability to react to climate change. These complex interactions are illustrated with changes in river flood risk management for the Rhine and the Meuse in the Netherlands over the last 50 years. A scenario study is used to seek insight into the question of whether current water-management institutions and their likely successors are capable of dealing with plausible future flood risks. The scenarios show that new and major infrastructure is needed to keep flood risks at their current level. Such a structural solution to future flood risks is feasible, but requires considerable political will and institutional reform, both for planning and implementation. It is unlikely that reform will be fast enough or the will strong enough.     

A New Kind of Case Study: Using Business Bestsellers in the Business Policy Course

The undergraduate Business Policy (Strategic Management) course is often taught by using the case method of instruction. Cases are generally regarded as especially good vehicles for giving students an understanding of the general management view of an organization. The authors believe that it is useful for students to learn much about the strategy of at least one corporation in-depth. They use a business bestseller about a particular company or industry each semester for this purpose. All undergraduate students prepare the same written assignments on this company or industry using the business bestseller as a starting point. Experience in using the business bestseller as the basis of a written assignment in the business policy course has been very positive. Students both enjoy and profit from an assignment that focuses in-depth on a major firm or industry that they can comprehend and the evolution of which they can follow. Alumni often indicate that they continue to track the company or industry after graduation. The authors believe that such written assignments help prepare students of business strategy for the real world. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Human Resource Management： A Case Study of the Air Traffic Controller Strike in 1981

The article discusses several hemispheres of human resource management based on a typical case review. The study presents the main problems of the case from both employees and organizations; the issued problems involve compensa- tions and benefits, restructuring, job design, and training. Based on the analysis of the ease, two alternative solutions state that the potential routes for the organizations to avoid serious negative results. The study intreduces a number of recommen- dations that can be used as a reference for other organizations to avoid similar risks.     

A Case Study in the Programming and Maintenance of Institutional Change

While behavior change projects and component analyses have been critical to the development of behavioral technology, behaviorists working in human service institutions have not focused enough attention on the "packaging" and systematic application of a technology for institutional change. In the present study, a package of organizational behavior management procedures was systematically introduced in a human service setting. The goal of intervention was to promote and maintain institutional change sufficient to support the wide scale implementation and maintenance of state-of-the-art behavioral procedures for program management and service delivery. The specific procedures utilized in the study included the following: (1) planning; (2) establishing functional organizational structure; (3) recruiting, orienting, and training management and direct service personnel; (4) contracting for staff performance; (5) scheduling, supervising, and evaluating personnel; (6) obtaining and managing financial resources; (7) evaluating program operation; (8) ensuring legal safety; and (9) disseminating results. Sixteen dependent variables, chosen to illustrate the quantity and quality of institutional change, were measured for the three years prior to, and five years following, intervention. Data from these measures indicated that intervention resulted in a positive change in virtually every aspect of program operation and that change resulting from the study was durable over time. Within the limitations imposed by case study design, these results were interpreted to suggest that institutional change is possible and that the technology required to effect such change is currently available.     

杭州鸿雁电器有限公司创新能力提升机制调研报告

在全面创新管理理论的分析框架之下,本文对杭州鸿雁电器有限公司的创新情况进行了分析与总结,讨论了公司战略创新、技术创新、组织创新、市场创新、文化创新、管理创新、全时空与全员创新的进展.在此基础之上,本文分析讨论了鸿雁公司创新能力提升的相关机制,并通过能力矩阵表明了鸿雁公司创新要素与创新推动力间的协同关系.