伊朗政治合法性与宗教合法性之构建

伊朗政治合法性和宗教合法性的构建一直受到重视,因为这有利于社会的长治久安。其政治合法性和宗教合法性的构建需要深厚坚实的基础,但处理好两者关系需要漫长的实践过程。本文以伊朗历史上具有代表性的政治制度和宗教为例,说明伊朗政治合法性和宗教合法性构建的意义、基础、途径、两者间关系及其过程。面对全球范围内的物质和精神的冲击,伊朗面临的问题是在当今国内外新形势下,如何重新构建和巩固政权的政治合法性和宗教合法性。     

摩洛哥阿拉维君主制统治合法性分析

本文从历史与传统、现代与理性、宗教以及国王个人魅力等四个方面分析了1956年独立后摩洛哥阿拉维君主制统治合法性的基础和来源.作者指出,摩洛哥阿拉维君主制的统治反映了韦伯关于合法统治的三种类型,即合理型、传统型和魅力型,其中,传统型占主导地位并与伊斯兰教紧密相连.迄今,宗教神圣的合法性体现了阿拉维君主制所有统治合法性学说的本质,然而其神圣性也遭到了质疑和挑战.     

摩洛哥阿拉维君主制统治合法性分析

本文从历史与传统、现代与理性、宗教以及国王个人魅力等四个方面分析了1956年独立后摩洛哥阿拉维君主制统治合法性的基础和来源。作者指出，摩洛哥阿拉维君主制的统治反映了韦伯关于合法统治的三种类型，即合理型、传统型和魅力型，其中，传统型占主导地位并与伊斯兰教紧密相连。迄今，宗教神圣的合法性体现了阿拉维君主制所有统治合法性学说的本质，然而其神圣性也遭到了质疑和挑战。     

浅析网络民主对政治合法性的影响

随着网络对人类生活的影响日益突出,尤其是网络在政治方面的频繁应用,使得在网络环境中生成和发展起来的网络民主正在以各种形式对政治合法性产生不同程度的影响,并且这种影响还有不断加强的趋势。它既可能提高公众政治参与热情,成为政治合法性的助力;也可能造成数字鸿沟,动摇政治权力合法性的基础。因而,政府要谨慎对待网络民主这一新生事物,加大网络管理的相关人力、物力和财力投入,使网络民主切实成为政治合法性的推动力。     

关于政治合法性的文献综述

政治合法性是一个政权能否稳定存在和持久存在的关键,处于转型时期的当下中国,一方面经过三十多年的改革开放发展,社会各方面取得了举世瞩目的成就,另一方面伴随着经济的发展,各种社会、政治问题等也竞相凸显,关于政治合法性的课题,学术界对此研究已久,本文立足在研究各位学者的成果基础上,综合各种观点,为学术研究提供借鉴。     

边沁论政治权力的合法性根据——兼论边沁对社会契约论的批判

社会契约论主张每个人的理性同意是政治权力的合法性基础,边沁认为社会契约论依据的自然法原则是假设和虚构,因而抛弃用自然法和社会契约来解释政治服从的近代欧洲政治哲学立场,主张"趋乐避苦"的功利原则和服从习惯是政治权力合法性的根据,坚称最好的政体应该是能为最大多数人谋求最大幸福的政体,政府的合法性依据并非保护抽象的自然权利,由此开启了传统自由主义向现代的转向。     

论如何提高政府政治的合法性

政府政治合法性是每一个政权都无法回避的问题，在古代，为了保证政权的合法性，出现了很多类似“挟天子令诸侯”的事件。当然，在当今的民主社会，古代的君权思想已经成为了过去式，民主才是当今世界的主流。在这样的背景下，本文将具体的探讨当今政府政治合法性的具体内涵，并根据政治合法性的内涵提出几点提升政府政治合法性的途径。     

论东西方社会的政治合法性——基于社会契约论的视角

该文分别论述了西方和中国的社会契约论,进而得出两种类型的社会所产生的政治合法性,并通过对比西方的政治统治和中国的政治统治,使读者进一步了解到两者社会不同的政治生态,从而为中国真正走上法理型社会提供一定的借鉴.     

伊朗的宗教地缘战略分析

伊朗宗教地缘战略是指伊朗积极利用宗教纽带构建以伊朗为中心、涵盖伊拉克、叙利亚、黎巴嫩以及其他什叶派居住地区的势力范围的战略谋划。伊朗的宗教地缘战略建立在宗教认同的基础之上,而非伊斯兰革命的意识形态上,虽引起了国际社会的不安,但具有防御性和理性特点。鲁哈尼时期,伊朗将会对其宗教地缘战略有所克制,但不会放弃。     

重建合法性：论老子对“礼”的看法

在惯常的视域之中,"礼"常常被指认为独属于儒家的理念,这不免遮蔽了先秦诸子的丰富性。探析老子的"礼"观念,试论其对"礼"的看法,并从中挖掘传统的思想财富。在三代"礼治""礼乐文化"等观念建构"政治合法性"的深远影响下,在春秋以降"礼崩乐坏"、诸侯征伐的历史背景下,"礼"是老子用于回应时代传统、在否思中重建"政治合法性"与"政治秩序"的重要哲学概念,具有丰富的历史意蕴。     

什叶派十二位伊玛目生平考

本文对有关什叶派十二位伊玛目的史料进行了梳理，通过引用西方学者和伊斯兰学者（尤其是伊朗学者）对十二位伊玛目的评价，来进一步认识和了解十二位伊玛目以及什叶派的历史。     

Framing authoritarian legitimacy: elite cohesion in the aftermath of popular rebellion

ABSTRACT

Protest activity presents a significant threat to state legitimacy in nondemocratic settings. Although authoritarian regimes rely heavily on coercion, state officials must also justify their authority to both the public and other elites. Previous work has shown how elites vilify challengers to legitimize repression, but scholars have yet to examine how state officials engage in meaning work to prevent elite divisions from forming in light of popular challenges to regime legitimacy. In this study, we examine elite framing processes in a case of popular resistance to a 1953 currency reform in Communist Czechoslovakia. Using archival material, we trace the inter- and intra-organizational processes through which officials construct legitimacy claims by explaining and adjudicating blame for the popular rebellion. Results indicate that authoritarian rulers relied on a variety of discursive mechanisms to generate consensus among subordinate elites and protect regime legitimacy. We conclude by discussing implications for research on authoritarianism and social movements.     

Diviners with Membership and Certificates: An Inquiry into the Legitimation and Professionalisation of Chinese Diviners

In wrestling with the precariousness of their legitimacy and reputation, diviners in China have developed their own approaches to legitimating and professionalising their business and occupation. This paper discusses the strategy of incorporating the occupation of divination into modern knowledge production and expert systems by forming academic associations and purchasing professional certificates. Diviners’ imitation of professionalism is interpreted as a struggle towards gaining membership of modern society. The efforts of diviners to seek legitimacy also provide an opportunity to observe how a marginalised social group whose behaviour is generally stigmatised justifies their role in society.     

The impact of green initiatives on environmental legitimacy and admiration of the organization

Communication about environmental policies and practices has become a critical area of focus for corporations. Through an online experiment this study explored the impact of awareness of environmental initiatives on perceived environmental legitimacy and the subsequent impact of legitimacy on organizational admiration. Findings suggest that raising awareness of an organization's environmental initiatives improves environmental legitimacy; however, investigation of the relationship between legitimacy and admiration found that only one dimension of environmental legitimacy influences the level of admiration of an organization.     

From an “outside group” to a catalyst for corporate change: Examining activists’ legitimation strategies

Activist organizations use issues management when pressuring corporations to alter practices and policies that these groups find problematic. Throughout this process, activists must establish legitimacy for their issue concerns, organizations, and proposed solutions to gain public support for their activities. This study qualitatively analyzes the communication practices of 21 activist organizations to understand the strategies that these unique groups harness as they seek to build legitimacy as part of the issues management process. The findings contribute to a growing body of public relations research on activist communication by introducing a new legitimation strategy that underscores the importance of ongoing issues monitoring for activists and illustrates how activist organizations can co-opt extant narratives to build legitimacy for their existing issue arguments.     

Legitimacy of rural local government in the new governance environment

Since the early 1990s, the legitimacy of local government has been on the margins of debates about the regulation and governance of contemporary capitalism and their scalar forms. Yet, for those engaged in the day-to-day practice of local government in the governance environment, the question of how to maintain legitimacy is of central importance. This paper, which reports on the findings of a study of two rural districts in the South Island of New Zealand and Victoria, Australia, seeks to explore the interface between theory and practice of local government in the governance environment. Recent theorising about the implications of governance for the legitimacy of territorial local authorities is outlined, and recurring legitimacy-related themes in local governments’ engagement with governance are employed to construct a framework for analysing empirical cases. A brief (contextual) picture is drawn of the two rural cases, and the framework is employed to analyse them. Finally, the efficacy of this approach to the study of local government legitimacy, and the significance of the case study findings for the debate about the role of local representative government, are reflected upon.     

Mayhem in the Magic City: Rebuilding legitimacy in a communication train wreck

This study explores the relationship between corrective action and rebuilding legitimacy. Specifically, the corrective actions taken by the City of Minot and Ward County officials in response to the emergency communication breakdowns during the 2002 Canadian Pacific train derailment and anhydrous ammonia spill are analyzed. The study concludes that corrective action when employed as organizational learning can expedite image restoration, rebuild legitimacy, and better prepare organizations for future crises.     

The re-enchantment of social institutions: Max Weber and public relations

The German sociologist Max Weber is rarely referred to in public relations theory and research. In this article it is argued that his concepts of legitimacy and legitimation are relevant for understanding and analyzing public relations activities. Legitimacy, i.e. having sufficient external support to continue to exist, is seen as the ultimate purpose of public relations, and legitimation is seen as the efforts which are aimed at acquiring organizational legitimacy. The article discusses both theoretical and practical implications of these ideas for the field of public relations.